英语词汇 朗文

基础词汇表
(THE LONGMAN DEFINING VOCABULARY)
A
a abbreviation ability able about above abroad absence absent accept acceptable according (to) account achieve achievement acid across act action active activity actor actress actual actually add addition additional address adjective admiration admire admit adult advanced advantage adventure adverb advertise advertisement advice advise affair affect afford afraid after afternoon afterwards again against age ago agree agreement ahead aim air aircraft airport alcohol alive all allow almost alone along alphabet already also although always among amount amuse amusement amusing an ancient and anger angle angry animal announce annoy annoying another answer anxiety anxious any anyone anything anywhere apart apartment appear appearance apple approval approve area argue arm army around arrange arrangement arrival arrive art article artificial as opposed to ashamed ask asleep association at atom attack attempt attend attention attitude attract attractive authority autumn available average avoid awake away awkward
B
baby back background backward bad bag bake balance ball band bank bar base basic basket bath battle be beach beak beam bean bear beat beautiful beauty because become bed beer before begin beginning behave behaviour behind belief believe bell belong below belt bend beneath beside best better between beyond bicycle big bill bird berth bit bite bitter black blade blame blind block blood blow blue boat body boil bomb bone book boot border bored boring born borrow both bottle bottom bowl box boy brain branch brave bread break breakfast breast breath breathe breed brick bridge bright bring board broadcast brother brown brush build building bullet burn burst bury bus bush business busy but butter button buy by
C
cake calculate call calm camera camp can cap capital car card care careful carriage carry case castle cat catch cattle cause ceiling celebrate cell central centre century ceremony certain chain chair chance change character charge chase cheap cheat check cheek cheerful cheese chemical chemistry cheque chest chicken chief child children chin chocolate choice choose church cigarette cinema circle circular citizen city claim class clay clean clear clever cliff climb clock close cloth clothes clothing cloud club coal coast coat coffee coin cold collar collect college colour comb combination combine come comfort comfortable command committee common communicate communication company compare comparison compete competition competitor complain complaint complete completely complicated compound computer concern concerning concert condition confidence confident confuse confusing connect connection conscious consider consist contain container continue continuous contract control conversation cook copy corn corner correct cost cotton cough could council count country countryside courage course court cover cow crack crash crazy cream creature crime criminal criticism criticize crop cross crowd crue

l crush cry cup cupboard cure curl current curtain curve custom customer cut cycle
D
daily damage dance danger dangerous dark date daughter day dead deal deal with death debt decay deceive decide decision decorate decoration decrease deep defeat defence defend definite definitely degree delay deliberate deliberately delicate deliver demand department depend dependent depth describe description desert deserve design desirable desire desk destroy destruction detail determination determined develop dictionary die difference different difficult difficulty dig dinner direct direction dirt dirty disappoint disappointing discover discovery discuss discussion disease dish dismiss distance distant divide do doctor document dog dollar door double doubt down draw drawer dream dress drink drive drop drug drum drunk dry duck dull during dust duty
E
each eager ear early earn earth east eastern easy eat economic edge educate educated education effect effective effort egg eight either elbow elect election electric electricity electronic else embarrass embarrassing emotion emphasize employ employer employee employment empty enclose encourage end enemy energy engine engineer enjoy enjoyable enjoyment enough enter entertain entertainment entrance envelope environmental equal equipment escape especially establish even evening event ever every everyone everything everywhere evil exact exactly examination examine example excellent except exchange excite exciting excuse exercise exist existence expect expensive experience explain explanation explode explosion explosive express expression extreme extremely eye
F
face fact factory fail failure fair fairly faith faithful fall false familiar family famous far farm farmer fashion fashionable fast fasten fat father fault favourable favourite fear feather feature feed feel feelings female fence fever few field fifth fight figure fill film final finally financial find find out fine finger finish fire firm first fish fit five fix flag flame flash flat flesh flight float flood flour flow flower fly fold follow fond food foot football for force foreign foreigner forest forget forgive fork form formal former fortunate forward four fourth frame free freedom freeze frequent fresh friend friendly frighten frightening from front fruit full fun funeral funny fur furniture further future
G
gain game garage garden gas gate gather general generally generous gentle gentleman get gift girl give glad glass glue go goat god gold good goodbye goods govern government graceful gradual grain gram grammar grand grandfather grandmother grandparent grass grateful grave great green greet greeting grey ground group grow growth guard guess guest guide guilty gun
H
habit hair half hall hammer hand handle hang happen happy hard hardly harm harmful hat hate hatred have he head health healthy hear heart heat heaven heavy heel height hello help helpful her here herself hide high hill him himself his historical history hit hold hole holiday ho

llow holy home honest honour hook hope hopeful horn horse hospital hot hotel hour house how human humorous humour hundred hungry hunt hurry hurt husbandry
I
I ice idea if ignore ill illegalize illness image imaginary imagination imagine immediately importance important impressive improve improvement in include including income increase independent indoor industry infect infection infectious influence inform information injure injury ink inner insect inside instead institution instruction instrument insult insulting insurance insure intelligence intelligent intend intention interest interesting international interrupt into introduce introduction invent invitation invite involve inwards iron island it its
J
jaw jewel jewellery job join joint joke journey judge judgement juice jump just justice
K
keen keep key kick kill kilo kilogram kilometer kind king kiss kitchen knee kneel knife knock knot know knowledge
L
lack lady lake lamb lamp land language large last late lately laugh laughter law lawyer lay layer lazy lead leaf lean learn least leather leave left leg legal lend length less lesson let let go of letter level library lid lie lie down life lift light like likely limit line lion lip liquid list listen literature litre little live load local lock lonely long look look after look for look sth up loose lord lose loss lot loud love low lower loyal loyalty luck lucky lung
M
machine machinery magic mail main make make into make up male man manage manager manner many map march mark market marriage married marry mass match material mathematics matter may me meal mean meaning means measure measurement meat medical medicine meet meeting melt member memory mental mention message metal method metre middle might mile military milk million mind mine mineral minister minute mirror miss mist mistake mix mixture model modern moment money monkey month moon moral more morning most mother motor mountain mouse mouth move movement much mud multiply murder muscle music musician must my mysterious mystery
N
nail name narrow nasty nation national natural nature navy near nearly neat necessary neck need needle negative neither nerve nervous net network never new news newspaper next nice night nine ninth no noise none nonsense no one nor normal north northern nose not note nothing notice noticeable noun now nowhere number nurse nut
O
obey object obtain occasionally ocean o’clock of off offence offend offensive offer office officer official often oil old old-fashioned on once one onion only only just onto open operate operation opinion opponent opportunity oppose as opposed to opposite opposition or orange order ordinary organ organize organization origin original other ought our out outdoor outer outside over owe own owner oxygen
P
pack package page pain painful paint painting pair pale pan paper parallel parent park parliament part participle particular partly partner party pass passage passenger past path patient pattern pause pay payment peace

peaceful pen pence pencil people pepper percent perfect perform performance perhaps period permanent permission person personal persuade pet petrol photograph phrase physical piano pick pick up picture piece pig pile pilot pin pink pipe pity place plain plan plane plant plastic plate play pleasant please pleased pleasure plenty plural pocket poem poet poetry point pointed poison poisonous pole police polish polite political politician politics pool poor popular population port position positive possess possession possible possibly possibility post pot potato pound pour powder power powerful practical practice practise praise pray prayer prefer preparation prepare present preserve presidency press pressure pretend pretty prevent previous price priest prince principle print prison prisoner private prize probably problem process produce product production profession profit programme progress promise pronounce pronunciation proof proper property proposal protect protection protective protest proud prove provide public poll pump punish punishment pupil pure purple purpose push put
Q
quality quantity quarrel quarter queen question quick quiet quite .
R
rabbit race radio railway rain raise range rank rapid rare rat rate rather raw reach react reaction read ready real realize really reason reasonable receive recent recently recognize record red reduce reduction refusal refuse regard regular related relative relation relationship relax relaxing religion religious remain remark remember remind remove rent repair repeat replace reply report represent representative request respect responsible rest restaurant restrict result return reward rice rich rid ride right ring rise risk river road rob rock roll romantic roof room root rope rose rough round row royal rub rubber rude ruin rule ruler run rush
S
sad safe safety sail sale salt same sand satisfaction satisfactory satisfy save say scale scatter scene school science scientific scientist scissors screen screw sea search seat second secret secretary see seed seem sell send sense sensible sensitive sentence separate series serious servant serve service set settle seven several severe sex sexual shade shadow shake shall shame shape share sharpen she sheep sheet shelf shell shelter shine shiny ship shirt shock shocking shoe shoot shop shore short shot should shoulder shout show shut shy sick side sideways sight sign signal silence silent silk silly silver similar simple since sincere sing single singular sink sister sit situation six size skilful skill skin skirt sky sleep slide slight slippery slope slow small smell smile smoke smooth snake snow so soap social society sock soft soil soldier solid solution solve some somehow someone something sometimes somewhere son song soon sore sorry sort soul sound soup sour south southern space speak special specific speech speed spell spend spin spirit in spite of split spoil spoon sport spot spread spring square stage stair stamp stand standardization star start

state statement station stay steady steal steam steel steep stem step stick sticky stiff still sting stitch stomach stone stop store storm story straight strange stream street strength stretch strict strike string strong structure struggle student study stupid style subject substance succeed success successful such suck sudden suffer sugar suggest suit suitable sum summer sun supply support suppose sure surface surprise surprising surround swallow swear sweep sweet swell swim swing sword sympathetic sympathy system
T
table tail take talk tall taste tax taxi tea teach team tear technical telephone television tell temper temperature temporary ten tend tendency tennis tense tent terrible test than thank that the theatre their them then there therefore these they thick thief thin thing think third this thoroughly those though thought thousand thread threat threaten threatening three throat through throw thumb ticket tidy tie tight time tired tiring title to tobacco today toe together toilet tomorrow tongue tonight too tool tooth top total touch tourist towards tower town toy track trade traditional traffic train training translate transparent trap travel treat treatment tree tribe trick trip tropical trouble trousers true trust truth try tube tune turn twice twist two type typical tyre .
U
ugly under understand underwear undo unexpected uniform union unit unite universe university unless until unusual up upper upright upset upside down upstairs urgent us use useful useless usual
V
valley valuable value vary variety various vegetable vehicle verb very victory view village violence violent visit voice vote vowel
W
wages waist wait wake walk wall want war warm warmth warn warning wash waste watch water wave way we weak wealth weapon wear weather weave wedding week weekly weigh weight welcome well west western wet what whatever wheat wheel when whenever where whether which while whip whistle white who whole whose why wide width wife wild will willing win wind window wine wing winter wire wise wish with within without woman wood wooden wool word work world worry worse worst worth wound wrap wrist write wrong
Y
year yellow yes yet you young your

Z
zero