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2017 (第5部分) 英译汉

2017 (第5部分) 英译汉
2017 (第5部分) 英译汉

第五部分英译汉

1. A lot of natural resources in the mountain area are to be exploited and used.

那个山区有许多自然资源有待于开发利用。

2. All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的东西,未必都是金子。

3. Apples here like water and sunshine. 这里的苹果喜欢水和阳光。

4.As is known to all, China is a developing country. 众所周知,中国是一个发展中国家。

5.Bill hit his car into a wall last night. 昨晚比尔开车时车撞到了墙上。

6. Each time history repeats itself, the price goes up. 历史每重演一次,代价就增加(一分)。

7.He has taught English in this university ever since he moved to this city.

自从移居到这座城市以来,他就一直在这所大学教英语。

8. I was having a nap when suddenly the telephone rang. 我在睡觉时,电话铃突然响了。

9. If you decided to learn a new language, you would have to dedicate yourself wholeheartedly to the cause.

如果你决定学一门新的语言,你必须全身心地投入。

10. In an age of plenty, we feel spiritual hunger. 在这个物质财富充裕的时代,我们感到精神上的饥渴。

11. In no other country in the world can you find such plants as this one.

像这种植物在世界上的其他任何一个国家中都找不到。

12. John and his brother differ in personality even if their differences in age are not significant.

尽管约翰和他哥哥在年纪上相差不大,但他们的个性却不相同。

13.Please give this book to whoever comes first. 请把这本书给最先来的人。

14. Please move your chair to the window 请把你的椅子移动到窗口

15.Ted and William have lived under the same roof for five years.

泰德和威廉已经在同一个屋檐下生活了五年了。

16. The more passions we have, the more happiness we are likely to experience.

我们的激情越多,我们有可能体验到的快乐就越多。

17. The students are encouraged by their teacher to do more listening, reading and writing.

老师鼓励学生多听,多读,多写。

18. There is a large amount of energy wasted due to friction. 由于摩擦而损耗了大量的能量。

19. This place has plentiful material resources. 这个地方有丰富的物质资源。

20.Though it was late, they kept on working. 尽管已经很晚了,他们还在继续工作。

21.Tom(人名有可能变化或Fred)was such a hardworking student that he soon came out first in the class.

汤姆是一个学习十分用功的学生,以至于不久他就成了班里学习最好的学生。

22. Transistors are small in size and light in weight. 晶体管的体积小,重量轻。

23. Various substances differ widely in their magnetic characteristics. 各种材料的磁性有很大的不同。

24. Wang Li’s(人名有可能变化,4月为:Tom’s)father has taught English here since he graduated from Peking University.

王丽的父亲从北京大学毕业后就一直在这里教英语。

25. would you please help me with this heavy box?你能帮我搬一下这个很沉的箱子吗?

26. You needn’t go there anymore. He already knows about it. 你不必去了,他已经知道那件事

27. They thought that there must be something wrong with their TV set. 他们认为电视机一定出了毛病。

28. Life is meaningless without a purpose. 没有目标的生活是毫无意义的。

29. He didn't need to attend the meeting. 他没必要参加那个会议。

30. The friend say everything but did not say single word. 这位朋友看到了一切,却一言不发。

31. I will finish reading this book in a week. 我会在一周之内把这本书看完。

32. You should look around before you cross the street. 在过马路之前,你应该向四周看看。

33. I read the local newspapers with great interest every evening. 每晚我怀着极大的兴趣读当地的报纸。

34. He prefers coffee to tea.比起喝茶,他更喜欢喝咖啡。

35. Our textbooks are very different from theirs. 我们的教材与他们的教材很不一样

36. The doctor told me to have more water. 医生叫我多喝水

37. My classmate is more clever than me. 我的同学比我聪明。

38.The people’s Republic of China (PRC), founded on October 1,1949, covers an area of 9.6 million square kilometers. 中华人民共和国成立于1949年10月1日,国土面积约960万平方公里。39. People all over the world are trying to help the people in Sichuan. 全世界人民都在尽力帮助四川人民。

40. We must take some measures to control the pollution. 我们必须采取措施来控制污染。

41. Trees need water to grow. 树木需要水才能生长。

42. A friend of mine from high school is working in England now. 我高中的一个朋友目前在英格兰工作。

43. I rang you house last night but your mother answered the phone. 我昨晚给你家打电话,但接电话的是你母亲。

44. I knocked on the door but nobody came to answer it. 我敲了门,但是没有人来开门。

45. Would you mind closing the window for me? 你能帮我关一下窗户吗?

46. This new country hopes to establish friendly relations with all its neighbors. 这个新建立的国家希望和所有的邻国建立友好关系。

47.Most student feel satisfied with the progress they’ve made. 大多数学生对自己所取得的进步感到满意。

48. The doctor had no choice but reach out to their colleagues across the nation. 那个医生别无选择,只能向全国的同行求助。

49. Do you think you can do it by yourself? 你认为你自己可以单独完成这件事吗?

50. The Olympic Games is an international sports event that takes place every four years. 奥林匹克运动会是国际性的体育会,每四年举办一次。

51. She likes to help anyone who is in difficulty. 她乐意帮助任何一个有困难的人。

52. Who can help me clean the room? 谁能帮我打扫房间?

53. We should encourage him to have confidence in himself. 我们应当鼓励他对自己要有信心。

54. I slept soundly all night. 我整夜睡得很熟

55. Have you seen Tom recently? 你最近见到汤姆了吗?

56. I hope we can have some snow this winter. 我希望今年冬天会下雪

57. Are you fond of music? 你喜欢音乐吗?

58.You’d better do that again. 你最好再做一遍。

59. What kind of life do most people enjoy? 多数人喜欢什么样的生活?

60. How are you doing these days? 你最近怎么样?

61. This box can hold more books than that one. 这个箱子比那个箱子能装更多的书。

62. Both Ann and Mary are suitable for the job. 安妮和玛丽都适合干这个工作。

63. I hurried to my office. 我匆忙赶到了办公室。

64. The traffic jams during morning and afternoons rush hours are a headache in big cities now.

上下班高峰期交通拥堵问题是大城市目前很棘手的问题。

65. Do you have access to the Internet? 你能上网吗?

1.Do you think students should do a part-time job? 你认为学生应该做兼职吗?

2.Give us a few more minutes to decide. 再给我们几分钟时间来做决定。

3.He has sympathy for all poor people. 他对所有的穷人都有一颗同情心。

4.I am wondering who broke the window 我想知道是谁打坏了窗户。

5.I think the picture shows us how fruits is necessary to life. 我想这幅图是告诉我们水果是生活中不

可缺的。

6.In Foreign Languages Department, a checking machine is used to correct the students’ test papers.

外语系用阅卷机给学生批卷。

7.The girls are busy making preparations for the weekend party 女孩们正忙于准备周末的聚会

8.The most common samples of inorganic materials are the gases of the atmosphere, water, rocks, ect.

大气中的气体,水,岩石等都是无机物中最普通的实例。

9.Who's going to answer the telephone?/Who's going to answer the door? 谁去接电话?/谁去开门?

10.Could you tell me where the post office is? 你能告诉我邮局在什么地方吗?

11.What time do you swimming every day? 你每天什么时候去游泳?

12.Look out the window it’s still raining today! 看窗外,今天还在下雨。

13.I’ve lost interest in my work. 我对这份工作已经失去了兴趣。

14.It’s very important to maintain your current weight though exercise an d healthy eating. 通过锻炼和

健康饮食来保持你目前的体重是非常重要的。

15.It normally takes a semester for a college freshman to adjust to this college life. 大学新生一般需要

花一个学期的时间来适应大学生活。

16.I would appreciate it if you would just left me deal with this case. 如果你能让我独自处理这桩案

件,我将不胜感激。

17.He has a foreign friend who lives in America. 他有一个住在美国的外国朋友。

18.He was very happy to hear from his old friend. 他很高兴收到老朋友的来信。

19.I’m thinking about a visit to Paris. 我在考虑去巴黎旅游。

20.A dog is always well-known as a clever and friendly animal. 在动物中,狗素以其聪明与和善而著

称。

21.A good memory is a great help in learning a language. 好的记忆力有助于语言的学习。

22.A teacher should have patience in his work. 当老师应当有耐心。

23.As long as there is water, plants won’t die quickly. 只要有水,植物就不会很快死亡。

24.Can you express yourself clearly in English? 你能用英语清楚的表达自己的意思吗?

25.China will build up a space station in ten years. 中国将会在10年内建一个太空站。

26.Christmas is the most important festival in the west. 圣诞节是西方最重要的节日。

27.Do you often do washing in the evening? 你经常晚上洗衣服吗?

28.Don’t you mind me opening the window? 你不介意我打开窗户吧?

29.Don’t you think smoking is harmful to your health? 你不认为吸烟有害健康吗?

30.Everyone was in bed except me. 除了我,所有的人都在床上睡觉了。

31.Excuse me, where’s the nearest police station? 劳驾,离这儿最近的派出所在哪里?

32.Fires may do more damage than the earthquakes. 火灾造成的损失可能比地震还严重。

33.Go down this street until you reach the second traffic lights. 顺着这条路走,一直走到第二个交通

灯处。

34.He doesn’t know what life means to him. 他不知道人生的意义。

35.He had a traffic accident last week. 他上星期出了一起交通事故。

36.He has been learning English for years. 多年来,他一直在学习英语

37.He has taught in this university since he moved to this city. 他从他搬迁到这座城市之后就一直在

这所大学里教英语。

38.He is always making excuses for being late. 他总是为他的吃到找借口。

39.He is always very active in student activities. 他总是积极参与学生活动。

40.He is sweating all over.他出了一身汗。

41.He is thinking about moving to a new place.他正在考虑搬到一个新的的地方

42.He keeps looking at himself in the mirror.他老是照镜子。

43.He stopped smoking.他戒烟了。

44.He was too tired to go on reading.他太困了,无法再阅读了。

45.How do you spell your last name?你的姓是如何拼写的?

46.How long have you collected your stamps?你集邮有多久了?

47.How long will it take us to get there?我们到那儿要用多长时间?

48.I am very familiar with his name.我很熟悉他的名字。

49.I came back because of the rain.因为下雨我就回来了。

50.I can't go with you today because I'm too busy. 我今天不能和你一块儿去,因为我太忙了。

51.I do want to know what really happened.我确实想知道到底发生了什么事。

52.I don't think he can operate the new type of computer. 我认为他不会操作这种计算机。

53.I don't want to spend five dollars on a cup of water.我不想花五美元买一瓶水。

54.I expect she will have changed her mind by tomorrow.我预料到明天为止她会改变观点。

55.I feel lonely without you.没有你我感到孤独

56.I feel satisfied with my life.我对我的生活感到满意。

57.I have a pain in my back.我的背疼。

58.I look forward to hearing from you.我期待着收到您的回信。

59.I need to buy some 50-cent stamps. 我需要买一些50美分的邮票

60.I prefer tea to coffee.我宁可要茶,不要咖啡。

61.I think our dream will become ture. 我想我们的梦想将实现。

I'll call you as soon as I arrive.我一到就给你打电话。/ I'll write to you as soon as I get there. 我一到那儿就给你写信

62.I'm certain he'll go to see the film, because he's bought a ticket. 我肯定他会去看电影,因为他已经

买了票

63.I'm going to buy a monthly ticket tomorrow.我想明天买张月票。

64.I'm not an English major student.我不是英语专业的学生。

65.I’m now a distance education student.

66.I'm very much eager to improve my oral English.我非常渴望改进我的英语口语。

英译汉-文体翻译(1)新闻

第六单元文体翻译 第一节新闻报道 一、新闻翻译的特点 1、翻译讲求实效 2、可以适当增减 ?翻译:遵循翻译标准进行全文翻译。 ?编译:紧扣原作主题思想,从原作选取最有价值的内容,遵循篇章构建的一般规律,基本按照原作的时间先后顺序和逻辑关系组织行文,再按照翻译的一般原则,将其译成目的语的过程。(王涛2004) ?摘译:摘取一些认为重要的或者说传达了重要信息的段落和内容。(俞建村2001)(注意:必须完整地翻译抽取的内容。) ?参见教材第十章“翻译的类型” p135. 3、符合写作要求 (1)手法: ?以尽可能有趣的方式将一定事实展现出来。 (2)结构: ?编年史法(chronological method ): 依照事实发生先后按时间顺序叙述。 ?新闻导语法(news lead method ): 依照事实的重要性来铺陈、排列事实。 (3)语言: ?具体、准确、简明、通俗、生动。 4、内容力求准确 二、新闻的翻译 ?标题的翻译 ?电头的翻译 ?导语的翻译 ?正文的翻译 ?了解背景知识 例: US Missile Targets Iraqi Radar Site W ASHINGTON: A United States Air Force F-16 fighter plane fired a missile at an Iraqi radar site after the jet was tracked electronically while in the “no-fly” zone over southern Iraq, the Pentagon said yesterday. But the White House, explaining a long delay in announcing the strike, said it was unclear whether Iraqi radar has “locked on” to the plane on Saturday. A Pentagon spokesman said the F-16 returned safely to its base in Saudi Arabia. It was not immediately known if the Iraqi site was damaged. The spokesman, confirming the strike about 18 hours after it occurred, said an investigation was under way. Iraq denied any such incident had taken place. 美导弹击中伊拉克雷达基地 华盛顿电:五角大楼昨日宣称:一架美空军F-16战斗机在伊拉克南部禁飞区被电子跟踪后,向伊一雷达基地发射了导弹。 但是白宫在解释拖延很久才公布这次打击行动的原因时称:星期六时尚不清楚伊雷达是否已“锁定”了这架飞机。 五角大楼的一位发言人说,该F—16战斗机已安全返回设在沙特阿拉伯的基地,伊雷

新编英语教程5课文翻译(unit6~12)

Unit6 1, 如果对这器械有什么不清楚的地方,你可以写信到我们总公司去询问。 If there is anything you are not clear about the device, address your inquiry to your head office. 2, 在执行计划之前,我们最好把它的每一个方面仔细考虑,看看是否切实可行。 Before we put the new plan into practice, we had bitter scrutinize every aspect of it to make sure t hat it is practicable. 3, 在新的规章执行后,我们预期这地区的情况会有好转。 We expect that there will be a change for the better in this area after the new regulations are imple mented. 4, 不要把他的话当真,他仅仅是开个玩笑而已。 Don’t take his words literally. He is just cracking a joke. 5, 在农业中应用固氮作用良好。 The prospect of employing (nitrogen fixation) in agriculture is promising. 6, 他想发明一种不留痕迹的改正液的企图以失败告终。 His attempt at contriving a correcting fluid which leaves no marks on paper ended in failure. 7, 那个外国人不会说汉语。他用手势表达他的要求。但是他无法把他的意思表达来。 The non-Chinese-speaking foreigner gestured to make a requested, but he just couldn’t get his idea across. 8, 他不考虑这件事的迫切性而断然拒绝了,不留一丝余地。 Without considering the urgency of the matter, he gave us a flat refusal, once and for all. Unit7 1.他怪异行为有悖于一般的良好行为规范。 His strange behavior runs counter to the popular concept of good conduct. 2. 可以肯定的是世界上鲜有人能同时在数学和科学领域的成就比牛顿更突出。 It is certain that few people in the world could have made such a great impact on the development of science and mathematics than Isaac Newton. 3.你不该嘲笑孩子的失败,应鼓励他们再去尝试。 You are not suppose to deride the children for their failures; instead you should encourage them to try again,instead. 4.在Judy毕业典礼的那天,她的叔叔婶婶以丰盛的晚餐来款待她。 On her graduation day, Judy was treated to a sumptuous dinner by her uncle and aunt. 5.对于他在公司的过往表现,没有人有什么不满。 With respect to his past record in the firm , no one has anything to complain about. 6.他们的自由和我们的自由息息相关,我们不能单独行动。 Their freedom is inextricably bound to ours. We cannot act alone. 7.我年迈的叔祖母不习惯使用市场上盛行的一次性物品。 My aged great aunt is not used to disposable products which flood the market today. 8.他在考试中作弊被抓住后,名字马上从应考者名单上删去。 His name was immediately eliminatedfrom the list of candidates after he was caught cheating in the exam. Unit8 1.他企图影射John是肇事者,结果是徒劳的。 His attempt at insinuating that John was the culprit turned out to be futile. 2.当他未能完成期望他做的事时,他很善于临时找个借口来为自己开脱。 He is very clever at improvising excuses when he fails to de what is expected of him. 3.他此行去西藏可以满足他想参观布达拉宫的愿望了。 His trip to Tibet will gratify his desire to see the Potala. 4.这个公司人力资源雄厚,足以应对其他大公司的挑战。 This corporation commandsdistinguished human resources,rich enough to meet challenges from other big corporations. 5.我认为这恐怕不是我们双方都能接受的变通办法。我们难道想不出来一个更好的方案来处理这个问题? I don’t think that could be an acceptable alternative for both of us.Can’t we come up with a better one for this problem? 6.总爱胡思乱想和动不动就心血来潮都是有害的。 It is harmful to indulge in whims and caprices.

中央电大英语Ⅱ(2)网考第五部分---英译汉

第五部分英译汉 A As is known to all,China is a developing country. 众所周知,中国是一个发展中国家。 A lot of natural resources in the mountain area are to be exploited and used. 那个山区有许多自然资源有待于开发利用。 As a result.our personal income rose au average of 13 per cent last year alone. 结果,仅去年一年我们人均收入平均增长13%。 Are you for or against the proposal? 你是赞成还是反对这个建议? Although she was very poor,the woman set aside part of her income for the education of her child.这个妇女虽然很穷,但她还是把一部分钱储存起来,用于孩子的教育。 At first I didn't know how to do it .By and by I have got used to it. 起初我不知道怎么做,但渐渐地我就习惯了。 B By taking exercise.we can alwavs stay healthy. 通过体育锻炼,我们能够始终保持健康。 E Everything considered,their plan is still workable. 所有因素都考虑到,他们的计划仍是可行的。 Everyone enjoys being praised instead of criticized. 每个人都喜欢被表扬而不是受到批评。 Either you must improve your work,or I shall dismiss you. 你必须改进工作,否则,我解雇你 Every student has free access to all the resources in the library. 每一位学生都可以自由利用图书馆的一切资源。 H He has made it clear that he has nothing to do with her. 他已经表明了他与她无关。 Had the car gone over the cliff,they would have been killed. 如果汽车当时翻到悬崖下,他们早就丧命了。 He remains modest despite his great achievements. 尽管他取得了伟大的功绩,但是,仍然保持谦虚。 He failed to live up to his parents’expectations. 他辜负了父母对他的期望。 He said that he preferred the country to the city. 他说城市和农村相比,他更喜欢农村。 Habits and customs vary from place to place. 风俗习惯因地而异。 He left very early for fear of missing the train. 他担心会误了火车,所以早早就出发了。 Hardly had I gone out of the building when it began to rain. 我刚走出大楼天就下雨了。 He is ready to give a hand to anyone in need. 他随时准备帮助有困难的人。

第三部分英译汉 doc

第三部分:英译汉 1 王丽的父亲从北京大学毕业后就一直在这里教英语。 Wang Li’s father has taught English here since he graduated from Peking university. 2 请把这本书给最先来的人。 Please give this book to whoever comes first. 3 尽管已经很晚了,他们还在继续工作。 Though it was late. They kept on working. 4 昨晚比尔开车时车撞到了墙上。 Bill hit his car into a wall last night. 5 你能帮我抬一下这个很沉的箱子吗? Would you please help me with this heavy box? 6 这里的苹果喜欢水和阳光。 Apples here like water and sunshine. 7 汤姆是一个学习十分用功的学生,以至于不久他就成了班里学习最好的学生。 Tom was such a hardworking student that he soon came out first in the class. 8 泰德和威廉已经在同一个屋檐下生活了五年了。 Ted and William have lived under the same roof for five years. 9 你不必去了,他已经知道那件事了。 Y ou needn't go there anymore. He already knows about it. 10 众所周知,中国是一个发展中国家。 "As is known to all, China is a developing country." 11 那个山区有许多自然资源有待于开发利用。 A lot of natural resources in the mountain area are to be exploited and used. 12 外语教研部用阅卷机给学生批卷。 "In Foreign Languages Department, a checking machine is used to correct the students' est papers." 13 老师鼓励学生多听,多读,多写。 "The students are encouraged by their teacher to do more listening, reading and writing." 14 目前,已经超额完成计划。 The plan has been over fulfilled by now. 15 大气中的气体、水、岩石都是无机物中最普通的实例。 "The most common samples of inorganic materials are the gases of the atmosphere, water, rocks, etc." 16 由于摩擦而损耗了大量的能量。 there is a large amount of energy wasted due to friction. 17 这个地方的物质资源是丰富的。 this place has plentiful material resources. 18 各种材料的磁性有很大的不同。 various substances differ widely in their magnetic characteristics. 19 晶体管的体积小,重量轻。 transistors are small in size and light in weight. 20 尽管约翰和他哥哥在年纪上相差不大,但他们个性却不相同。 john and his brother differ in personality even if their differences in age are not sighificant. 21 我们的激情越多,我们有可能体验到的快乐就越多。

新编英语教程6 课文翻译

第1单元避免两词铭记两词 在生活中,没有什么比顿悟更令人激动和兴奋的,它可以改变一个人——不仅仅是改变,而且变得更好。当然,这种顿悟是很罕见的,但仍然可以发生在我们所有人身上。它有时来自一本书,一个说教或一行诗歌,有时也来自一个朋友。 在曼哈顿一个寒冷的冬天的下午,我坐在一个法国小餐馆,倍感失落和压抑。因为几次误算,在我生命中一个至关重要的项目就这样落空了。就因为这样,甚至连期望看到一个老朋友(我常常私下亲切的想到的一个老人)的情形都不像以前那样令我兴奋。我坐在桌边,皱起眉头看着色彩多样的桌布,清醒的嚼着苦涩的食物。 他穿过街道,裹着旧棉袄,一顶帽子从光头打下来,看上去不像是一个有名的精神病医生,倒像是一个精力充沛的侏儒。他的办公室在附近到处都有,我知道他刚刚离开他最后一个病人。他接近80岁,但仍然扛着一个装着满满文件的公文包,工作起来仍然像一个大公司的主管,无论何时有空,他都仍然爱去高尔夫球场。 当他走过来坐我旁边时,服务员早已把他总是要喝的啤酒端了过来,我已经几个月没有见他了,但他似乎还是老样子。没有任何寒暄,他就问我“怎么了,年轻人?” 我已经不再对他的样子感到奇怪,所以我详细地把烦恼告诉他。带着一丝忧伤的自豪。我尽量说出实情,除了我自己,我并没有因为失望而责备任何人。我分析了整件事情,但所有负面评价以及错误仍然继续。我讲了约有十五分钟,这期间老人只是默默的喝着啤酒。 我讲完后,他取下眼镜说:“到我的办公室去。” “到你的办公室?你忘了带什么了吗?” 他和蔼的说“不是,我想看看你对某些事情的反应,仅此而已。” 外面开始下起小雨,但他的办公室很温暖,舒服,亲切:放满书的书架靠着墙壁,长皮沙发,弗洛伊德的亲笔签名照,还有墙边放着的录音笔。他的秘书回家了,只有我们在那里。 老人从纸盒里拿出一盘磁带放进录音笔,然后说:“这里有到我这来求助的三个人的简单录音,当然,这没有说明具体是哪三个人。我想让你听听,看你是否能找出双字词的短语,这里是在三个案例中共有的。”他笑道:“不要这么困扰,我有我的目的。” 对我来说,录音中三个主人共有的东西不是什么快乐的东西。首先讲话的是一个男人,他在生意中经历了一些损失或失败,他指责自己没有辛勤工作,也没有远见。接下来说话的是一个女人,她还没有结婚,因为对她寡妇母亲的强烈的责任意思,她伤心的回忆了所有擦肩而过的婚姻机遇。第三个说话的是一位母亲,她十多岁的儿子在警察局有麻烦,她总是不停地责备自己。 老人关掉收音机,侧身坐到椅子上:“在这些录音中,有一个短语像病毒一样的出现了六次。你注意到了吗?没有?噢,这可能是因为几分钟前你在餐馆说过了三次。”他拿起磁带盒扔给我。“正好在标签上有那两个伤心的词语。” 我向下一看,那里有两个清晰的红色的印字:如果。 “你受惊了吗?”老人说:“你能想象我坐在这把椅子上以这两个词开头的话有多少次了吗?他们总是对我说:如果换一种方法做——或根本不去做。(如果我没发脾气、没有做那虚伪的事、没有说那愚蠢的谎言。如果我聪明点,或更无私点,或更自控点。)直到我打断说话他们才会停止。有时我让他们听你刚说过的录音。我对他们说(如果你停止说如果,我们就已取得进展了。)” 老人伸出双脚,说:“问题是,‘如果’并没有改变任何东西。它使那人面对错误——后退而非前进,那样只是在浪费时间。最后,要是你让它成为一个习惯,它就会变成真的障碍,变成你不再去做尝试的借口了。” “现在回到你的情况:你的计划没成功,为什么?因为你犯了某种错误。唔,这个没关系,毕竟错误谁都会犯,我们也从中学到东西。但是,当你告诉我那些东西时却悔恨这个,

第九 讲 翻译疑点 形合法和意合法

翻译疑点形合法和意合法 形合法(hypotaxis)是指句子与词的组合在外部形态上有明显的标记,当形态标记不充分的时候,还可用其他语法手段来显示词组、句子、句群中各成分之间的相互关系;而意合法(parataxis)是指词与词、句子和句子之间的组合往往在外部形态上没有明显的标志,而主要依靠意义上的关联来"粘合".英语和汉语属于不同语系,在句法上各具特色,大相径庭。尽管两种语言中均有形合法和意合法,但总的来说,英语句法形式要求比较严格,是重形合的语言,各种语法范畴在其中都有全面的体现,如有较明显的形态标记、较鲜明的词类及丰富的连词等。英语的形合手段多种多样,主要运用连词、关系代词或关系副词,此外还使用分词、动名词、介词短语和不定式。较之英语,汉语却没有严格意义的形态变化,没有显形的词类分别,是重意合的语言。汉语句子除依靠意义去组合外,还有一套句法联系手段,如采用语序、词语本身、词汇接应、结构平行、重叠形式、重复、推理和非推理等"粘合"手段进行意合。对汉语语句的理解常常是靠对语义关系的敏感性和语境达到的,而不是求助于话语的形式完备。由于英汉两种语言在形合法和意合法上的差别,因此英译汉时可根据实际情况分别采用意合法或形合法。 一、采用意合法 由于英语的句式重形合、汉语的重意合,所以英译汉时许多具有形合特点的英语句式有必要转换成具有意合特点的汉语句式。翻译如果一味拘泥于原文的形式,保留其形合的特点,往往会使译文罗嗦、不自然,形成翻译腔。试比较下面各英文例子的两组汉语译文:(1)He spoke so well that everybody was convinced of his innocence. a. 他说得那么好听,以至于每一个人都相信他是无辜的。 b. 他说的那样好听,谁都相信他是无辜的。 (2)If you turn to the left, you will find our institute at a distance.

翻译材料_第五章_英汉句子对比与翻译

第五章英汉句子对比与翻译 第一节英汉在连贯方式上的“形合”与“意合” 连贯是句子依据合理的语义和逻辑关系,恰当地连为一体的语篇特征,但在重意合的汉语中,这种特征往往隐含在上下文中,呈“隐性”状态,但这并不妨碍汉语读者对其阅读和理解,因为汉语是依靠语篇的语境意义来弥补其在逻辑和连贯方面的不足,而英语语篇中的逻辑和连贯关系则表现出“显性”的特征,既它的逻辑和连贯关系是通过外在的形式,既词法和句法结构来体现的,因此,在翻译过程中,译者就应该注意这种“隐性”和“显性”之间的转换。翻译练习: 1)We crossed the Y angtze and arrived at the station, where I bought a ticket while he saw to my luggage… At the sight of his back tears started to my eyes, but I wiped them hastily so that neither he nor anyone else might see them. 2)As the weather was getting better, we decided to go for an outing the next day. 3)Three month later, when he had spent all his five dollars, he felt obliged to climb onto slow-going freight trains, despite the police’s pursuits or arrests. 4)It was only his legendary travel experiences, especially the experiences of his visit to the northern part of Shaanxi Province 60 years ago that determined his lifetime cause, thus closely connoting his life with the Chinese revolution. 第二节英汉在语义层次表达上的“形合”和“意合” 进行英汉对比研究的学者们常将英语句子比作树木结构,将汉语的句子比作竹子结构。这就是说,英语句子中充满了从属结构,从属结构包括了动词的非限定形式、介词短语和各种分句。从属结构可以比作“枝杈”;汉语句子充满了并立结构,并立分句之间用逗号分开,直直的,每有“枝杈”,像根竹子。汉语的这些并立分句常被称作“流水句”。英语句子的树木结构是英语的形合在语意层次表现上的具体体现:句子的主干(主句)用来表示主要信息,从属结构(枝杈)表示次要信息。这样意义层次在表面结构上就表现出来了,呈显性;汉语句子的竹子结构是汉语的意合在语意层次表现上的具体体现:句子中充满了在形式上并立的分句,语意层次要靠上下文来表示,在表面形式上看不出来,呈隐性。英汉翻译中就应该充分考虑到英文和中文的这些不同特征。翻译练习: 1)X-rays are able to pass through objects and thus make visible details that are otherwise impossible to observe. 2)“How does the human brain work” remains one of the most profound questions confronting modern science. 3)One out of every ten persons in 1978 United States labor force was a teenager, compared with one out of fifteen in 1960.

英译汉篇章翻译2

英译汉篇章翻译练习(2) Proverbs are the popular sayings that brighten so much Latin American talk, the boiled-down wisdom that you are as apt to hear from professors as from peasants, from beggars as from elegances. Brief and colorful, they more often than not carry a sting. When a neighbor?s dismally unattractive daughter announced her engagement, Imelda remarked, “You know what they say, Senora: …There?s no pot so ugly it can?t find a lid.?” And when her son-in-law blustered about how he was going to get even with the boss who had docked his pay, Imelda fixed him with a cold eye and said, “Little fish does not eat big fish.” One afternoon, I heard Imelda and her daughter arguing in the kitchen. Her daughter had quarreled with her husband?s parents, and Imelda was in sisting that she apologized to them. Her daughter objected. “But, Mama, I just can?t swallow them, not even with honey. They talk so big until we need something; then they?re too poor. So today when they wouldn?t even lend us enough to pay for a new bed, a ll I did was say something that I?ve heard you say a hundred times: …If so grand, why so poor? If so poor, why so grand?” “Impertinent!” snorted Imelda. “Have I not also taught you, …What the tongue says, the neck pays for?? I will not have it said that I could never teach my daughter proper respect for her elders. And before you go to beg their pardon, change those trousers for a dress. You know how your mother-in-law feels about pants on a woman. She always says, …What was hatched a hen must not try to be a rooster!” Her daughter made one more try. “But Mama, you often say, …If the saint is annoyed, don?t pray to him until he gets over it.? Can?t I leave it for tomorrow?” “No, no and no! Remember: …If the dose is nasty, swallow it fast.? You know, my child, you did wrong. But, …A gift is the key to open the door closed against you.? I have a cake in the oven that I was making for the Senora?s dinner, I will explain to the Senora. Now, dear, hurry home and make yourself pretty in your pink dress. By the time you get back, I will have the cake ready for you to take to your mother-in-law. She will be so pleased that she may make your father-in-law pay for the bed. Remember: …One hand washes the other, but together they wash the face.?”

新编英语教程5(1-12)课文翻译

Unit 1 恰到好处 你见过一个笨手笨脚的男人往箱子上钉钉子吗?只见他左敲敲,右敲敲,说不准还会将整个钉子锤翻,结果敲来敲去到头来只敲进了半截。而娴熟的木匠就不这么干。他每敲一下都会坚实巧妙地正对着钉头落下去,一钉到底。语言也是如此。一位优秀的艺术家谴词造句上力求准确而有力地表达自己的观点。差不多的词,不准确的短语,摸棱两可的表达,含糊不清的修饰,都无法使一位追求纯真英语的作家满意。他会一直思考,直至找到那个能准确表达他的意思的词。 法国人有一个很贴切的短语来表达这样一个意思,即“le mot juste”, 恰到好处的词。有很多关于精益求精的作家的名人轶事,比如福楼拜常花几天的时间力求使一两个句子在表达上准确无误。在浩瀚的词海中,词与词之间有着微妙的区别,要找到能恰如其分表达我们意思的词绝非易事。这不仅仅是扎实的语言功底和相当大的词汇量的问题,还需要人们绞尽脑汁,要观察敏锐。选词是认识过程的一个步骤,也是详细描述我们的思想感情并表达出来使自己以及听众和读者深刻理解的一个环节。有人说:“在我思想未成文之前,我怎么知道自己的想法?”这听起来似乎很离谱,但它确实很有道理。 寻找恰如其分的词的确是件不容易的事。一旦找到了那个词,我们就会感到很欣慰:辛劳得到了回报。准确地用语言有助于我们深入了解我们描述的事物。例如,当有人问你:“某某是怎么样的人?”你回答说:“恩,我想他是个不错的家伙,但他非常……”接着你犹豫了,试图找到一个词或短语来说明他到底讨厌在哪里。当你找到一个恰当的短语的时候,你发觉自己对他的看法更清楚,也更精确了。 一些英语词汇词根相同而意义却截然不同。例如human 和humane,二者的词根相同,词义也相关,但用法完全不同。“ human action (人类行为)”和“humane action ( 人道行为)”完全是两码事。我们不能说“人道权力宣言”,而是说“人权宣言”。有一种屠杀工具叫“humane killer ( 麻醉屠宰机),而不是human killer ( 杀人机器)。 语言中的坏手艺的例子在我们身边随处可见。有人邀请一名学生去吃饭,他写信给予回复。请看他的信是这样结尾的:“我将很高兴赴约并满怀不安(anxiety )期待着那个日子的到来。”“Anxiety” 含有烦恼和恐惧的意味。作者想表达的很可能是一种翘首期盼的心情。“Anxiety” 跟热切期盼有一定的关联,但在这个场合是不能等同的。 乌干达一政党领袖给新闻界的一封信中有一句这样写道: 让我们打破这自私、投机、怯懦和无知充斥的乌干达,代之以真理,刚毅,坚定和奇异的精神。 这一激动人心的呼吁被最后一个词“奇异(singularity)” 的误用破坏掉了。我猜想作者真正要表达的意思是思想的专一,即抱定一个信念永不改变,咬定青山不放松,不被次要的目的干扰。而singularity 指的是古怪,特性,是将一个人从众多人中区分出来的那种东西。 即使没有出现词语误用,这词仍可能不是符合作者意图的恰如其分的词。一名记者在一篇有关圣诞节的社论中这样引出狄更斯的话: 任何有关圣诞节的想法和文字已经被禁锢(imprisoned )在这句话中……“Imprisonment” 暗示着强迫,威逼,这么一来似乎意思是有悖其初衷的。用“包含(contained )”或“归结(summed up )”就要好些。“概括(epitomized)”也行,尽管听起来有点僵硬。稍微再用点心我们就能准确地找到“mot juste (恰倒好处的词) ”,那就是“distilled”.它比包含和归结语气更强。“Distillation (提炼)”意味得到本质(essence)的东西。因此我们可以进一步把这个句子修改为: 所有有关圣诞节的想法和文字的精华都被提炼到这句话之中。

英译汉理解中的难点及翻译对策

英译汉理解中的难点及翻译对策 1、她很快的摆好了餐具 2、玛丽建议他们推迟讨论,到下次会议上再进行。 3、她哭的嘶声力竭。 4、我是不会把大衣误放在你包里了?—【我的大衣能放到你包里 吗】 5、我们漫无目的的找他。—【我们找了他,但徒劳无功】 6、他伟大的发明还没有兑现。—【他的重大发明还在后头呢】 7、你怎么看提姆的? 我觉得他一无是处。 8、他真是个守财奴。 太对了。 9、玛丽决定和亨利在乡村教堂内结婚…… 正像她会做的事情.—【脸皮真厚】 10、你会大吃一惊的。—【你感到吃惊是有道理的】 11、放马过来把,我能应付。—【兵来将挡水来土掩】 12、我不会用这种方式拯救自己的。—【我死也不干】 13、实践大于理论。—【理论果然重要,实践更不可缺】 14、在学习中,语法并不是最重要的。—【学英语,光学语法是不 管用的】 15、他出离愤怒了。—【他大发雷霆,未免小题大做了】 16、我看过你的文章了,我还以为这是一位老者写的。 17、每次我都能从商业旅行中脱胎换骨。—【每次出差回来我都脱 胎换骨了一番】 18、他们家真正当家作主的是年龄是他两倍的妈妈。他们说。— 【他妈妈是家里一家之主,他连他妈一半能干都比不上】19、当他们再度相遇时,他们都已是他人的伴侣了。—【一个已为 人妻,一个已为人夫】 20、我会出席招待会的,如果这次活动仅仅只是为了交新朋友的

话。—【哪怕交几个朋友也好】 23、各国的银行家对货币的处理采取了多种多样的政策,有的以精准的计算来运行,有的则不一板一眼,以此来减少风险,增加利益。—【世界各国主要银行家对外汇交换储备的管理方法各不相同,有的国家对外汇管理采取某些宽松政策,有的国家则采取详细计算各种外汇储备的方法,一边减少风险和提高效益】 三、 25、生死仅一线之隔。—【人生历程就是从生到死】 26、镁和其合金在近来才被工程家们使用。 27、华盛顿想要维持美国在此地区的权威。—【影响(存在)】 四、 28、我不认为我们有索要什么他们没有的东西。 29、你太美丽,太有才华了,我无法自拔的爱着你 30、妈妈,我告诉他,指不定哪天我就嫁给他了 31、70多岁的老人常常能走很长一段路去颐和园。 补充:31.1 He never got a new suit from me that his wife didn’t make him come and get on his visit to Grand Rapids. 他从没有从我地方拿到过套装,因此他的妻子不让他出席,并让他去大急流城。 32、除非他没试着想打倒我! 33、要是我不重蹈覆辙就好了! 34、他应该知道进房子前他没有擦鞋子。 35、如果要说区别的话,那就是这份工作比我原来那份困难多了。 36、除非你死了,不然这件事绝不会发生。 五、 37、这里起了争执。

第五次作业(英译汉)

Our teacher always encourages us to speak English bravely. 选择一项: a. 我们的老师总是鼓励我们讲英语。 b. 我们的老师总是鼓励我们大胆讲英语。 反馈 正确答案是:我们的老师总是鼓励我们大胆讲英语。 题目2 正确 获得1.00分中的1.00分 标记题目 题干 These five boys failed in their English exam last term. 选择一项: a. 这五个男生上学期的英语考试不及格。 b. 这五个男生上学期的英语考试表现糟糕。 反馈 正确答案是:这五个男生上学期的英语考试不及格。 题目3 正确 获得1.00分中的1.00分 标记题目 题干 If you decided to learn a new language, you would have to dedicate yourself wholeheartedly to the cause. 选择一项:

a. 如果你决定学一门新语言,就得全身心地投入。 b. 如果你决定学一门新语言,就必须全身心地上课。 反馈 正确答案是:如果你决定学一门新语言,就得全身心地投入。题目4 正确 获得1.00分中的1.00分 标记题目 题干 I've lost interest in my work. 选择一项: a. 我对我的工作已经失去了兴趣。 b. 我无法从我的工作中获得回报。 反馈 正确答案是:我对我的工作已经失去了兴趣。 题目5 正确 获得1.00分中的1.00分 标记题目 题干 I hurried to my office. 选择一项: a. 我匆忙离开办公室。 b. 我匆忙赶到办公室。

《翻译英译汉》word版

翻译——英译汉 英译汉部分要求翻译单句, 而不是段落或篇章。考生首先要读懂句子,了解句子的语法结构、使用的固定词组、习惯用法及词与词之间的语义关系, 然后, 再正确分析原文的语言现象和逻辑关系,进行透彻的理解, 最后, 力图用简洁明了的汉语表达出原文的意思。因此, 考生有必要掌握一些基本的翻译技巧。 一、翻译技巧一 一般的英译汉考题不会只是简单句。我们在做题时, 首先要从语法入手, 找寻和确定句子大的框架结构, 通过分析把句中的从句和插入部分先排除掉, 明确句子结构有助于我们正确理解整句话的意思。 (一)重点分析句子结构 其实, 就英语的句子结构而言, 是有规律可循的。除去省略句、倒装句、感叹句和 一些特殊句子外, 英语句子的结构可归纳为三类: 1. to be句型: 主语 + be + 表语 Miss Jones is a manager. 琼斯小姐是位经理。 2. to do句型: 主语 + do + (宾语) + (状语) He teaches English in this school. 他在这所学校教英语。 3. there be句型: There be + 主语 + 状语 There are beautiful wildflowers in the hills. 山中有美丽的野花。 (二)确定语法现象和惯用结构 英译汉考题中常见的重点语法有: 时态、语态、主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、 同位语从句、定语从句、状语从句、动词不定式、动名词、分词、虚拟语气、倒装句、强调句等。考生要非常熟悉这些语法现象, 才不至于对句子产生误解。例如: ?Anyone who is interested in it can go with us. 对这事感兴趣的人可以跟我们去。(who引导定语从句修饰主语anyone) ?The problem discussed at yesterday’s meeting is very important. 昨天会上讨论过的那个问题非常重要。(过去分词短语作后置定语修饰主语the problem) ?You could have done better if you had been more careful. 要是细心一点的话,你就会做得更好。(if 引导虚拟语气的条件状语从句) ?Hardly had I said that when she entered the room. 我刚说完,她就进来了。(倒装句, 否定词hardly位于句首, 助动词had 放在主语I之前 ) ?It was not until last night that I noticed this matter. 直到昨晚我才注意到这件事。(强调句: It was not until+强调成分+that句子其 余成分)

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