矿业常用术语和词汇
中英文对照表
固体矿产资源 solid fuels and mineral resources 查明矿产资源 total identified mineral resources 潜在矿产资源 undiscovered resources
储量 extractable reserve
可采储量 proved extractable reserve
预可采储量 probable extractable reserve
基础储量 basic reserve
资源量 resource
预查 reconnaissance
普查 prospecting
详查 general exploration
勘探 detailed exploration
矿化潜力 mineralization potential
地质可靠程度 geological assurance
预测的 reconnaissance
推断的 inferred
控制的 indicated
探明的 measured
可行性评价 feasibility assessment
概略研究 geological study
预可行性研究 pre-feasibility study
可行性研究 feasibility study
采矿报告 mining report
采矿证mining license
矿权证concession
方位角azimuth
倾角dipping angle
走向strike
倾向 Dip
倾斜度dip angle
孔位collar
钻杆drill rod
倒班shift exchange
套管casing
机上余尺remain length
泥浆添加剂additives
消耗材料consumed material
新闻发布 press release
金刚石钻头diamond bit
扩孔器reamer shell
孔底堵漏器cementing and wedging bottom packager
品名 product name, item name
数量quantity
制造商manufacturer
购买商purchaser
孔深hole depth
使用说明usage
手册manual
每年的annual
钻孔坐标hole coordinate
钻孔数据hole data
岩心定向core orientation
测斜 down-hole survey
安全培训Safety Training
环境、健康和安全Environment Health and Satety(E.H.S或EHS) 健康职业安全 OHS(Health, Occupation &Safety)
地质结构geological structure
总计sum total
钻探表drilling sheet
岩心编录报告logging sheets
矿区project area, concession district
孔号hole Code
绕道bypass
余矿remains
施工operating
等待standby
工作内容work description
钻探回次drilling trip
进尺trip
米距interval
岩心长度core length
检查verify
采样sampling
岩石样Rock sample
副样duplicates
空白样blank sample
标样standard sample
给水watering
取芯core recovery
垂直的vertical
水平的horizonal
旋风钻机(粉末钻机)RC drills
高程、海拔RL=relative level
海拔elevation
水泥 cement
石灰了lime
石膏gypsum
马赛克mosaic
地质作用Geological process
内力 endogenous force
内力作用 endogenous process
外力exogenous force
外力作用exogenous process
地壳运动 crustal movement
侵入岩intrusive rock
风化作用weathering
侵蚀作用erosion
磨蚀作用abrasion
剥蚀作用denudation
冰川glacier
沉积作用sedimentation
机械沉积化学沉积mechanical deposit 晶体crystal
晶质crystalline
高品位 high grade
贵重金属noble metal
稀有金属minor metal
工时man-hour
劳动力manpower
板岩slate
编号compile
全站仪total station
定位仪positional instrument
经纬仪transit instrument
薄片分析 thin section analysis
露天采矿open cut, open pit
测绘survey & drawing
沉淀form a sediment
地质成因cause of a formation
地壳the crust
地幔 the mantle
地核 the core
顶板roof
二氧化物dioxide
二氧化碳carbon dioxide
氧化物 oxide
发源,起源origination
矿体 ore body, ore shoot
覆盖层overburden
橄榄石olivine
共生intergrowth
共生矿,伴生矿 mineral intergrowth、associated mineral 推土机bulldozer
挖掘机excavator, digger
装载机loader
钻机drilling machine
掘进机tunnel machine
平地机grader
洒水车watering truck
压路机roller
红土red-clay
白蚁样本termite sample
伟晶岩pegmatite
异常anomaly
砖红壤laterite
变质沉积岩meta-sediment
黑云母biotite
云母 mica
角闪石amphibious
薄层状foliated
人工智能artificial intelligence
火山凝灰岩lapilli tuff
蛇纹岩serpentinite
橄榄岩dunite
英闪岩tonalite
玄武岩basalt
纲要scenario
推荐recommendation
植被vegetation
基础设施infrastructure
辅助设施ancillary facilities
尾矿库Tailing storage,tail management facility (TMF)
尾矿坝 Tailing Dam
地相学physiography
岩石学lithology
热液蚀变hydrothermal alteration
块段法资源评估polygonal resource estimation 边界品位Cut-off grade
配剂站/医务室dispensary
污水处理站sewage treatment plant
二手设备used equipment, second-hand equipment 经济可行性级别degree of economic viability
预可研报告Pre-feasibility report
可行性研究报告Feasibility report
重力分级工艺gravity circuit
杂质mixture
杂岩,混合岩mixtite
河成阶地fluvial terrace
选矿ore-dressing,
选矿法beneficiation method
判例,先例precedent
结果,后果consequence
立约covenant
海底资源submarine resource
海洋资源marine deposit
航标navigation mark
驱动轮driving wheel
传动杆、传动轴driving shaft
横断面cross section
烘烤toast
滑石粉talcum powder
贵重金属rare-metal/noble metal
回收率rate of recovery/percentage of recovery 火山volcano
夹层double layer
掘土机power shovel
经纬度longitude and latitude
晶体crystal
精选refine、purify
井口concentration
坑道gallery
穿脉crosscut
空洞cavity
平硐access drift/horizontal shaft
斜井decline
矿脉lode
矿石 ore
口径 bore
累计add up
累积accumulate
复合片麻岩composite gneiss 老虎钳vise
雷管detonator
立方cube
立方米cubic meter
平方米square meter
零工odd-job man
隆起swell
炉料furnace charge
炉渣slag
内径internal diameter
内角interior angle
泥灰岩marl
泥浆slurry
钻井泥浆drilling mud
珍珠状feldspar
泥石流mud-rock flow
浓度consistency
密度density
欧亚大陆Eurasia
排污pollutants
柴达木盆地the Qaidam Basin 片麻岩gneiss
片岩schist
板岩slate
斑岩porphyry
闪长岩diorite
千枚岩phyllite
黄铁矿pyrite
闪锌矿sphalerite
黄铜矿chalcopyrite
斑铜矿bornite
磁黄铁矿pyrrhotite
玛瑙agate
黑玉jet
黄玉topaz
青玉sapphire
绿玉emerald
碧玉jasper
坡度the degree of slope
纵剖面longitudinal section 剖面图section drawing
剖视图cutaway view
石场,露天矿石场quarry
选矿厂ore-dressing plant
筛洗选矿法ore dressing by screening
切割机、切片剂slicer
氢氧化钠hydroxide
倾角测量仪dip-meter
日均average per day
浓缩concentrate/enrich
起草draft
切片分析slice assay
容积volume
容量capacity
溶解、融化dissolve
石灰line
水泥cement
砂浆mortar
石膏gypsum
熔点melting point
三脚架tripod
沙金placer gold/sand gold
筛分机screening machine
筛选dress and wash
塌方collapse /cave in
探宝treasure prospecting
钻探drilling exploration
贫化率dilution rate
脱水dewatering
条痕streak
淘金矿wash sand for gold
节理joint
微量元素trace element
稀有金属rare metal
稀土金属rare-earth metal
砷arsenic
化石fossil
伟晶岩crystallite
界面interface
手工、人工artificial/manual work
容器container、vessel
3S系统:
全球信息系统GIS-Global information system 卫星遥感系统SRS-Satellite remote system 全球定位系统GPS-Global position system
活塞piston
发动机/发电机generator
二氧化物dioxide
三氧化物trioxide
显微镜microscope
多极的multipolar
压力press, pressure
万能扳手universal spanner
换算表conversion table
直径diameter
半径radius/ semi diameter
内径internal diameter
贫矿lean ore
钻井平台drilling platform
通风井skylight /raise
竖井shaft
通风工程ventilation system
基建工程civil work
土石方工程earth work
岩层rock formation
岩样rock specimen
矿样ore sample
盐酸hydrochloric
硫酸vitriolic
硫酸盐sulfate
灭火器extinguisher
化学异常geochemical anomaly
化探geochemical
物探geophysical
遥感系统remote sensing
冶炼时间smelting time
加热时间duration of heat
萤石fluorite
永久冻层permanent frost horizon 云母片mica sheet
杂质impurity
炸药explosive/dynamite
珍珠岩pearlite
硬度hardness
韧性toughness
工作报表work schedule
日报表daily report sheet
选矿机、分矿机ore separator
属性properties
鲜美的、光滑的delicate
走向strike
倾向trending,dip
倾角、倾向dip or dip degree
氰化物cyanide
雷管detonator
塌方、塌陷 caving
永久的permanent
暂时的temporary
黏贴paste
石棉asbestos
岩心采取core recovery acceptability
岩心率proportion of core, rate of core recovery 空压机air compressor
液压hydraulic pressure
掘进sinking
变质岩metamophic
岩石学、岩性lithology
面理foliat
解体breakup
薄岩层leaf-like layer
宝石gem
翡翠jade
地层strata
子午线meridian
本初子午线the first meridian
比例尺scale
白云母muscovite
白云石dolomite
白榴石leucite
白钨矿scheelite
石榴石garnet
堇青石cordierite
背斜anticline
向斜syncline
变质作用metamorphism
剥蚀作用denudation
薄片分析thin section analysis
哺乳动物mammal
不透明opaque
层理bedding
片理schistosity
不透水层impermeable stratum
残余、余矿remains
层状stratiform
闪长玢岩diorite-porphyries
板状tabular
石英岩quartite
角砾岩breccia
橄榄岩dunite
花岗岩granite
超基性岩ultra-mafic rock
基性岩辉岩basite/mafic rock
火山碎屑岩volcano-clastic
科马提岩komatite
辉岩pyroxenite
辉长岩gabbro
钙长岩anothosite
角闪石岩hornblendite
石英闪长岩quartz diorite
安山岩andesite
长英矿物felsic rock
喷出岩extrusive rock
喷入岩 intrusive rock
凝灰岩tuff
流纹岩rhyolite
碧玉jasper
玛瑙agate
英安岩quartite
硅质岩siliceous rock
沉积岩sedimentary rock
沉积角砾岩sedimentary breccia
砂岩sandstone
砾岩conglomerate
粉砂岩siltstone
层间粉砂岩inter-bedded siltstone 粘土岩clay stone
泥岩mudstone
燧石chet
铁帽iron-formation
石灰岩limestone
白云岩dolomite
碳酸岩脉carbonatite
金伯利岩Kimberlite
煌斑岩lamprophyre
正长岩syenite
超基性片岩ultra-mafic schist
滑石talcum
滑石-炭质片岩tc-cb schist
滑石-绿泥石-炭质片岩tc-ch-cb schist
滑石-蛇纹片岩tc-se-cb schist
蛇纹岩serpentine
透闪石片岩tr-ch schist
滑石镁橄榄石岩tc-fo rock
变质片岩mafic schist
绿泥石片岩ch-ab schist
含铜绿泥石片岩ch-am schist
角闪石岩amphibolite
片麻岩felsic gneiss
铁镁质片麻岩mafic gneiss
铁镁质麻粒岩mafic granulites
斑岩porphyry
蚀变角闪石辉石斑岩hb-ac-px-pl porphyry 完全蚀变斑岩totally altered porphyry
长英质felsic
长英片岩 felsic schist
长英麻粒岩felsic granulite
花岗片麻岩granitoid gneiss
斜长岩plagioclase
斜长片麻岩plagioclase gneiss
页岩shale
断层角砾岩fault breccias
变质泥质岩metapelite
断层泥fault gouge
泥质片岩pelitic schist
炭质片岩carbonate schist
碎石fragment rock
石英炭质片岩qz-cb schist
绢云母石英片岩sr-qz schist
斑状变晶结构的片岩porphyry-blastic schist 石墨graphite
石墨片岩graphitic schist
黑云母biotite
黑云母石英片岩bi-qz schist
白云石大理岩dolomitic marble
黑云母石英片麻岩bi-qz schist
黑云母斜长片麻岩bi-sm plagio-gneiss
冲积层alluvium
沉积岩sedimentary rock
矿脉vein
构造structure
构造岩structural rock
断层带fault zone
剪切带shear zone
凝固solidify
沉井open caisson
岩石空隙rock void
矿石填充物rock fills
沉积搬运覆盖层transported cover 变质岩altered rock
变质作用metamorphic process 低级变质作用lower metamorphic 高级变质作用higher metamorphic 基岩primary rock
中性岩石intermediate rock
酸性岩石felsic rock
碱性岩石alkaline rock
同生矿syngenetic mineral
伴生矿物associated mineral
太古代Archaean
元古代Proterozoic
显生宙Phanerozoic
古生代Paleozoic
中生代Mesozoic
新生代Cenozoic
寒武纪Cambrian
奥陶纪Ordovician
志留纪Silurian
泥盆纪Devonian
石炭纪Carboniferous
二叠纪Permian
三叠纪Trias
侏罗纪Jurassic
白垩纪Cretaceous
第三纪Tertiary
第四纪Quaternary
渐新世 Oligocene
火山岩lava
喷出岩extrusive rock
沉积岩sedimentary rock
雾化器atomizer
采道berm
边坡batter
工作面work face
台阶bench
切割块flitch
贫化dilution
贫化率dilution radio
顶边crest
底边toe
预裂孔presplit hole
隐患hazard
风管air duct
弯头 elbow
导轨guide rail
气压计barometer
直接头straight joint
中性岩neutral rock
火成岩igneous rock
岩浆岩magmatic rock
石灰岩limestone
灰泥岩lime mudrock
翼、边缘limb
劈理cleavage
载重量payload
型号model
非公路运输卡车off-highway truck
自卸卡车 dump truck
水车water cart
矿用车mining truck
水泥运输车concrete carrier
连挂车厢articulated dump truck
最大扭矩Max. torque
额定功率rating power
最大钻进深度max. Drilling depth
最大直径max. Diameter
铲土机motor scraper
平装struck
堆装heaped
增压/中冷turbocharged/after cooled
双轴变速箱twin countershaft transmission
人工照明车artificial light
全液压系统full hydraulic system
动力转向power steering
运行参数performance index
发动机曲轴箱engine crankcase
变速箱transmission
冷却系统cooling system
油箱fuel tank
转向液压系统 steering、body hydraulic system
轮边减速器planetary
差速器differential
悬挂suspension
前悬缸front ride strut
后悬缸rear ride strut
车辆最大外廓回转直径 vehicle clearance diameter 化学活性chemical activity
化学淋滤作用chemical eluviation
分带/划带 zoning
安全棚safety shed
支架support
支护supporting
背板lagging
前支护fore-poling
锚杆bolt
支护空间space between support and rock
矿石压力rock press
旧矿场goaf
采场stope
采空区处理disposition of mine-out
岩层控制strata control
顶板控制roof control
冒顶roof fall
漏顶roof collapse with cavity
底鼓floor heave
敲帮问顶sounding
大面积冒顶large area roof falls
冲击地带bump
封闭采空区close goaf
采空区mine-out area (stope)
放顶caving
强制放顶force caving
放顶距caving interval
控顶距face width
顶板垮塌roof caving
放顶柱breaker props
岩体固化rock mass solidification
开采沉陷mining subsidence
垮落带caving zone
裂隙带fracture zone
弯曲带sagging zone
地表移动surface movement
岩层移动strata movement
移动盆地subsidence trough
充分采取full extraction
下沉系数subsidence factor
缓冲沟buffering trench
安全开采深度safe mining depth
建筑物下采矿mining under the buildings
水体下采矿 mining under water bodies
废石waste
废石场 waste dump
废石处理waste disposal
滑动面sliding plane
滑动层sliding bedding
防爆方式type of protection
总接地general earthed system
井下主接地极main earthed electrode
局部主接地极local earthed eletrode
接地装置earthing device
接地母线earthing busbar
辅助接地母线auxiliary earthing busbar
井下接地underground protective earthing
安全电压safety voltage
露电保护earth leakage protection
静电事故electrostatic accident
静电灾害electrostatic hazard
杂散电流stray current
超前切断电流 power source release apparatus
综合保护装置versatile protector
防爆性 non-transmission of internal explosion 耐爆性explosion stability
阻车器car stop
过卷over-travel
过卷距离over-travel distance
过速over-speed
过放距离over-fall height
安全制动safety braking
防坠器safety catch
制动绳braking rope
缓冲绳buffer rope
防撞绳rubbing rope
防跑车装置bull
平装闭锁装置interlocking device
保护伞protection umbrella
深度指示剂depth indicator
安全绞车safety winch
落道derailment
锚固装置anchor device
放倒装置tilting prevention device
防滑装置/止轮器anti-skid device
卡轨器check plate
稳定器stabilizer
安全器safety device
充填料的泄漏 leakage of backfill materials 砂门sand grizzly
根底tight bottom
安全平台safety berm
防护栏protective grating
边坡稳定性slope stability
边坡安全系数slope safety factor
边帮破坏slope failure
倾倒topple
滑坡slope slide
滑面sliding surface
临界滑面critical sliding surface
边坡加固slope reinforcement
边坡监测slope monitoring
边坡预警slope prediction
排土场滑坡waste dump slide
排土场泥石流dump mud-rock flow
炸药explosive
雷管detonator
电击雷管electric detonator
炮泥stemming
毫秒爆破millisecond blasting
最大安全电流 max. Safety current
安全距离 safety gap distance
消焰剂flame cooling agent
残眼socket
拒爆incomplete detonation
避炮掩体blast shelter
爆破警戒blasting warn
爆破防护blasting protection
防爆电器electrical apparatus for explosive 隔爆电气flameproof eletric apparatus
防爆外壳flameproof enclosure
防爆性能测试 test for non-transmission
矿山通风ventilation
矿井空气mine air
有害气体hazard gas
矿山气候mine climate
空气调节/空调air conditioning
风量air quantity
风量分配 air distribution
供风量的自然分配natural distribution of air
正压positive pressure
负压negative pressure
通风机全压 total pressure of the fan
通风机静压 static pressure of fans
通风机动压velocity pressure of fan
通风压力分配图pressure distribution chart
通风阻力ventilation resistance
摩擦阻力friction resistance
摩察力系数coefficient of friction resistance
等积孔equivalent orifice
机械/自然/局部通风mechanical/natural/local ventilation 全风压通风ventilation of total pressure
扩散通风diffusion ventilation
分区通风separate ventilation
串联通风series ventilation
上行通风ascensional ventilation
下行通风descensional ventilation
循环通风recirculation ventilation
中央式通风centralized ventilation
对角式通风diagonal ventilation
混合式通风compound ventilation
多通风机式通风multiple fans ventilation
通风机站fan operation point
通风机附属设施auxiliary of fans
风机硐fan drift
防爆门explosive-proof door
population 母体 sample 样本 census 普查 sampling 抽样 quantitative 量的 qualitative/categorical质的 discrete 离散的 continuous 连续的 population parameters 母体参数 sample statistics 样本统计量 descriptive statistics 叙述统计学 inferential/inductive statistics 推论 ... 抽样调查(sampliing survey 单纯随机抽样(simple random sampling 系统抽样(systematic sampling 分层抽样(stratified sampling 整群抽样(cluster sampling 多级抽样(multistage sampling 常态分配(Parametric Statistics) 无母数统计学(Nonparametric Statistics) 实验设计(Design of Experiment) 参数(Parameter) Data analysis 资料分析 Statistical table 统计表 Statistical chart 统计图 Pie chart 圆饼图 Stem-and-leaf display 茎叶图 Box plot 盒须图Histogram 直图 Bar Chart 长条图 Polygon 次数多边图 Ogive 肩形图 Descriptive statistics 叙述统计学 Expectation 期望值 Mode 众数 Mean 平均数 Variance 变异数 Standard deviation 标准差 Standard error 标准误 Covariance matrix 共变异数矩阵 Inferential statistics 推论统计学 Point estimation 点估计 Interval estimation 区间估计 Confidence interval 信赖区间 Confidence coefficient 信赖系数 Testing statistical hypothesis 统计假设检定 Regression analysis 回归分析 Analysis of variance 变异数分析 Correlation coefficient 相关系数 Sampling survey 抽样调查 Census 普查 Sampling 抽样 Reliability 信度 Validity 效度 Sampling error 抽样误差 Non-sampling error 非抽样误差 Random sampling 随机抽样 Simple random sampling 简单随机抽样法 Stratified sampling 分层抽样法 Cluster sampling 群集抽样法 Systematic sampling 系统抽样法 Two-stage random sampling 两段随机抽样法 Convenience sampling 便利抽样 Quota sampling 配额抽样 Snowball sampling 雪球抽样 Nonparametric statistics 无母数统计 The sign test 等级检定 Wilcoxon signed rank tests 克森讯号等级检定 Wilcoxon rank sum tests 克森等级和检定 Run test 连检定法 Discrete uniform densities 离散的均匀密度 Binomial densities 二项密度 Hypergeometric densities 超几密度 Poisson densities 卜松密度 Geometric densities 几密度 Negative binomial densities 负二项密度 Continuous uniform densities 连续均匀密度 Normal densities 常态密度 Exponential densities 指数密度 Gamma densities 伽玛密度 Beta densities 贝他密度 Multivariate analysis 多变量分析 Principal components 主因子分析 Discrimination analysis 区别分析 Word 资料
2. GEOLOGY地质 2.1 LITHOLOGY CASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION ORDER 岩性分类和描述顺序 2.1.1 Rock Types 岩石类型 Sedi Sedimentry 沉积岩 clas clastic 碎屑岩 ss sandstone 砂岩 mdst mudstone 泥岩 sh shale 页岩 clyst, clst claystone 粘土岩 sd sand 砂 mSsd medium sandstone 中砂岩 fsst fine sandstone 细砂岩 bldr boulder 卵石 pbl pebble 卵石 grl gravel 砾石 cgl conglomerate 砾岩 gywk graywacke 硬砂岩 cbl cobble 大鹅卵石 ark arkose 长石砂岩 grnl granule 粒砂 brec breccic 角砾岩 bioc bioclastic 生物碎屑岩 vcrs sst very coarse sandstone 极粗砂岩 argl argillite 泥板岩 gyp gypsum 石膏 anhy anhydrite 硬石膏 slt salt 盐岩 flint-lingite 隧石 carbonate 碳酸盐岩 ls limestone 灰岩,石灰岩 dolo dolomite 白云石 dolst dolostone 白云岩
mrls marlstone 泥灰石 coq coquina 贝壳灰岩 biosp biosparte 生物亮晶灰岩 biomi biomicrite 生物微晶灰岩 clcar calcarenite 灰屑岩,钙屑灰岩 clclt calcilutite 泥屑石灰岩 micr micrite 微晶灰岩 clcrd calcirudite 砾屑石灰岩 clslt calcisilitite 粉砂屑石灰岩 grst grainstone 粒状灰岩 oolitic limestone 鲕状灰岩 Igneous Rock 火成岩 intrusive igneous 侵入岩 extrusive igneous 喷出岩 volc colcanic 火山岩 grt granite 花岗岩 dr diorite 闪长岩 grdr grano diorite 花岗闪长岩 qu dr quartz diorite 石英闪长岩 dr po diorite porphyrite 闪长玢岩 syenite 正长岩 gab, gb gabbro 辉长岩 qu po quartz porphyrite 石英玢岩 an andesite 安山岩 bas basalt 玄武岩 arag aragonite 纹石,霞石 Meta Metsmorphic rock 变质岩 phyl phyllite 千枚岩 sl slate 板岩 sch schist 片岩 mbl marble 大理岩 gne gneiss 片麻岩 qtzt quartzite 石英岩 novac novaculite致密石英岩 2.1.2 COL Color, Colour 颜色 blk black 黑色 brn brown 棕色 yel yellow 黄色 gy, gry grey 灰色
地理专业词汇英语翻译(A-B) a horizon 腐殖堆积层 aa lava 块熔岩 abandoned field 撩荒地abandoned lands 撩荒地abandoned mine 废弃矿山abandoned shoreline 旧岸线aberration 像差 abiogenesis 自然发生 abiotic factor 非生物因素 ablation 水蚀 ablation moraine 消融冰碛abnormality 反常 aboriginal 土着的 abrasion 海蚀 abrasion platform 浪蚀台地abrasion shore 浪蚀海岸abrasion surface 浪蚀面abrasion terrace 海蚀阶地abrasive 研磨剂 abrupt slope 陡坡 abrupt textural change 质地突变abscissa 横坐标 absolute age 绝对年龄 absolute age determination 绝对年代测定 absolute age of groundwater 地下水绝对年龄 absolute altitude 绝对高度absolute amplitude 绝对振幅absolute chronology 绝对年代absolute convergence 绝对收敛absolute dating 绝对年代测定absolute error 绝对误差 absolute extremes 绝对极值absolute geochronology 绝对地质年代学 absolute geopotential 绝对重力势absolute gravity 绝对重力absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute instability 绝对不稳定性absolute maximum 绝对极大absolute measure 绝对尺度absolute minimum 绝对极小absolute orientation 绝对定向absolute parallax 绝对视差 absolute precision 绝对精度 absolute representation 绝对值表 示法 absolute temperature 绝对温度 absolute value 绝对值 absolute zero 绝对零度 absorbed radiant flux 吸收辐射 absorbed radiation 吸收辐射 absorbent 吸收剂 absorbing capacity 吸收能力 absorbing complex 吸收性复合体 absorptance 吸收系数 absorption 吸收 absorption band 吸收带 absorption coefficient 吸收系数 absorption curve 吸收曲线 absorption factor 吸收因素 absorption filter 吸收滤光片 absorption of energy 能量吸收 absorption of light 光吸收 absorption spectrum 吸收光谱 absorption surface 吸收面 absorptive capacity 吸收本领 absorptivity 吸收能力 absorptivity emissivity ratio 吸收发 射比 abstract symbol 抽象符号 abundance of isotopes 同位素的 丰度 abundance of the elements 元素丰 度 abundance ratio of isotopes 同位 素的相对丰度 abundant rainfall 过量降雨 abyss 深渊 abyssal 深海的 abyssal basins 深海盆地 abyssal benthos 深海底栖生物 abyssal deposits 深海沉积物 abyssal facies 深海相 abyssal hill 深海丘陵 abyssal plain 深海平原 abyssal region 深海区 abyssal sediment 深海沉积物 abyssal zone 深海带 acariasis 螨病 acarinosis 螨病 acaustobiolite 非可燃性生物岩 accelerated erosion 加速侵蚀 accelerated weathering 加速风化 acceleration 加速度 acceptance 接收 acceptor 收体 acceptor atom 受体原子 acceptor bond 接体合 accessory element 伴随元素 accessory mineral 副次要 accessory species 次要种 accidental ejecta 外源喷出物 accidental error 偶然误差 accidental species 偶见种 acclimatization 气候驯化 acclivity 上行坡 accompaniment element 伴生元素 accordance of summit levels 峰顶 面等高性 accordant junction 协和汇流平齐 汇流交合汇流 accordant junction of streams 协合 流 accretion gley 淤积潜育层 accumulated temperature 积温 accumulation 堆积 accumulation curve 累积曲线 accumulation horizon 聚积层 accumulation mountains 堆积山地 accumulation of assimilation products 同化物累积 accumulation of humus 腐殖质蓄 积 accumulation of organic matter 有 机质堆积 accumulative coast 堆积海岸 accumulative relief 堆积地形 accuracy 准确度 accuracy of measurement 测定准 确度
几个常用专业术语和技术指标的解释 产状:指矿石或岩石的产出状态,常以走向、倾向和倾角来表示。 矿体的埋藏要素:指矿体埋藏的空间位置和状态,常用走向长度、倾角、厚度和延深表示。 矿岩的物理力学性质:主要有硬度、坚固性、稳固性、结块性、氧化性、自燃性和碎胀性等指标。 矿床工业指标:指用来衡量地质体是否可作为矿床、矿体或矿石的指标,也就是当前工业水平所需求的最低界限。它包括:边界品位、工业品位、最小可采厚度、夹石剔除厚度、最低米百分数(最小可采厚度与最低可采品位的乘积)。 工作制度:有连续工作制和间断工作制之分,露天矿山主要受气候条件、设备作业率和采矿规模的影响,坑下矿山主要受设备作业率和采矿规模的影响。通常连续工作制为年工作330天,每天3班,每班8小时;间断工作制的年工作天数为306天,每天2或3班,每班8小时。 采矿规模与服务年限:采矿规模是指矿山采矿生产的能力,它标志着一个矿山的生产规模,是矿山企业的主要工作指标之一。 服务年限是指矿山从投产到闭坑之间的时间。 生产能力与服务年限之间规定有一个合理匹配的问题。 产品方案:产品方案包括产品种类、产品规格、产品质量等。 基建期:基建期是指矿山基本建设的周期。其概念不是简单地表明建设周期的长短,而且包含有各工艺环节之间相互时空关系协调的意义,并直接影响到矿山投资的经济效益。 采掘比:表示坑下矿山开采单位矿石需要做的掘进工程量。它是反映矿山采矿与掘进作业比例关系的指标。 采切比:表示坑下矿山采出单位矿石需要开凿的采切工程。 剥采比:指露天矿山开采单位矿石所需剥离的岩石量。有:平均剥采比、分层剥采比、境界剥采比、生产剥采比和经济合理剥采比之分。 贫化率:采矿过程中混入废石,造成采出的矿石品位降低,这个过程叫贫化;贫化的程度则用贫化率表示。贫化率有视在贫化率和实际贫化率之分。 损失率:矿石的损失量与矿石的工业储量的百分比,称为矿石的损失率。损失率也有实
P1 二、复合难句: 1、Mining may well have been the second of humankind's earliest endeavors--granted that agriculture was the first. The two industries ranked together as the primary or basic industries of early civilization 如果说农业是人类最早的产业(文明)的话,那么采矿就理所当然地排在第二。这两种产业作为人类早期文明最原始或最基本的产业联系在了一起。 2、If we consider fishing and lumbering as part of agriculture and oil and gas production as part of mining , then agriculture and mining continue to supply all the basic resources used by modern civilization 如果我们把捕鱼业和伐木业作为农业的一部分,而石油和天然气产业作为采矿的一部分,那么农业和采矿业至今仍是现代文明所使用的基础资源的支柱 3、Here the term mining is used in its broadest context as encompassing the extraction of any naturally occurring mineral substances-solid , liquid , and gas-from the earth or other heavenly bodies for utilitarian purposes. 这里所说的采矿是指广义上的,因为它包括为实利目的而从地球或其他天体岩石中获取任何天然形成的固态、液态和气态矿物的开采 4、Mine:An excavation made in the earth to extract minerals 采矿:为了开采矿物而在地球上进行的一种挖掘 5、Mining: the activity , occupation , and industry concerned with the extraction of minerals 采矿业:一种与开采矿物有关的活动、职业和产业 6、Mining engineering: the practice of applying engineering principles to the development , planning , operation , closure and reclamation of mines. 采矿工程:运用工程原理生产、规划、运作和关闭(充填)以及对矿山再利用(复垦)的一种实践 7、Mineral:A naturally occurring inorganic element or compound having an orderly internal structure and a characteristic chemical composition , crystal form , and physical properties. 矿物:一种天然形成的无机元素或化合物(无机物),它有着有序的内部构造、特有的化学成分、结晶形式和物理性质。 8、Rock:Any naturally formed aggregate of one or more types of mineral particles
地质专业英语词汇A a horizon a 层位 a lineation a 线理 a twin a双晶 aa lava 块熔岩 aalenian stage 阿林阶 abandon 废弃 abandoned mine 废弃得矿山abandoned well 废孔 abatis 通风隔墙 abdomen 腹部 abdominal appendage 腹肢abdominal cavity 腹腔 abdominal fin 腹 abductor外展肌 abductor muscle外展肌abernathyite 水砷钾铀矿 aberration象差 abichite 光线矿 abiogenesis 自然发生abiogeny自然发生 abiotic factor 非生物因素ablation 剥蚀 ablation breccia 剥蚀角砾岩ablation moraine 消融碛ablation skin 熔蚀皮 ablationtill 消融碛ablykite 阿布石 abnormal异常得 abnormal interference color 异常干涉色 abnormal metamorphism异常 变质酌 abolition 废除 abrade 剥蚀 abrasion海蚀 abrasionplatform磨蚀台 地 abrasion surface 浪蚀面 abrasion terrace 磨蚀阶地 abrasionn test磨耗试验 abrasive 磨料;海蚀得 abrazite 多水高岭土 absarokite 正边玄武岩 absite钍钛铀矿 absolute age 绝对年龄 absolute black body绝对 黑体 absolute chronology绝对 年代学 absolute dating绝对年 代测定 absolute geopotential 绝对 重力势 absolute porosity 绝对孔隙率 absolute pressure 绝对压力 absolutestructure 绝对构 造 absorbed water 吸附水 absorbent吸收剂 absorber 吸收器 absorbing well 吸水井 absorption 吸收 absorption axis 吸收轴 absorptionborder融蚀缘 absorption curve 吸收曲线 absorption edge吸收端 absorption factor 吸收率 absorption spectrum 吸收 光谱 absorptive capacity吸收 率 absorptivity 吸收性 abukumalite 铋磷灰石 abundance丰度 abundance of elements 元素丰度 abundance ofisotopes 同位素丰度 abundance ratio of isotopes 同位素相对丰度 abysmaldeposits 深海沉积 物 abyss深海 abyssal 深海得 abyssal benthic zone 深渊底 栖带 abyssal deposits 深海沉积 物 abyssalfacies 深海相 abyssal hills province 深 海丘陵区
采矿工程专业英语词汇 册 公司内部编号:(GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-
采矿工程专业英语词汇手册 (Glossary of Special English in Mining Engineering ) 采矿工程专业内部讲义 二零零七年三月 Content Chapter 3 .1 Mining method (2) Chapter 3.2 Mine preplanning (3) Chapter3.3 Mine development (4) Chapter 4.1 Wall mining introduction (5) Chapter 4.2 Ground control aspects ..... (6) Chapter 4.3 Roof support system (7) Chapter 4.4 Longwall coal-getting machine (8) Chapter 4.5 Convey system (8) Chapter 4.6 Mine Vetilation (10) Chapter 5 Pillaring system (11)
Chapter 6 Roadway excavation and support (12) Chapter 7 Novel methods of mining (16) Chapter 3 .1 Mining method
mining method 采矿方法;mining operation 采矿作业;transportation 运输;ventilation 通风; ground control 顶板管理;the cost of per ton of coal 吨煤成本; recovery 回采率; subside v. subsidence n.地表沉陷; subsidence control 地表沉陷控制 cover 覆盖层; overburden 上覆地层;immediate roof 直接顶; floor 底板; dip (Pitch)倾角;hardness 硬度; strength 强度; cleavage 解理;gas,methane 瓦斯 daily operation 日常工作single operation 单一工序unit operation 单元作业auxiliary operation辅助作业cutting n. 切割,掏槽;blasting n. 爆破 loading n. 装煤 haul v. 运输,搬运 drainage n.排水 power n. 动力 power Supply 动力供应 communication n. 通讯lighting n.照明。 disruption in production 停产; reduction in production 减产; compromise 折衷 room and pillar 房柱式
大气ATMOSPHERE 大气组成 Atmospheric composition 空气质量 Air quality 大气化学 Atmospheric chemistry 大气成分 Atmospheric components 大气颗粒物 Atmospheric particulates 二氧化碳 Carbon dioxide 温室气体 Greenhouse gases 氧气 Oxygen 臭氧层 Ozone layer 大气过程 Atmospheric processes 空气-水相互作用 Air-water interaction 大气环流 Atmospheric circulation 大气降水 Atmospheric precipitation 碳循环 Carbon cycle 蒸发作用 Evaporation 降水增加 Precipitation enhancement 降雨 Rainfall 太阳辐射 Solar radiation 蒸腾作用 Transpiration 风 Winds 空气污染 Air pollution 酸雨 Acid rain
空气污染物 Air pollutants 氯氟碳 Chlorofluorocarbons 沉降的颗粒物 Deposited particulate matter 飞灰 Fly ash 雾 Fog 薄烟 Haze 空内空气污染 Indoor air pollution 烟雾 Smog 气候问题 Climatic issues 农业气象学 Agrometeorology 气候 Climate 气候变化 Climatic change 气候带 Climatic zones 干旱 Drought 全球变暖 Global warming 温室效应 Greenhouse effect 湿度 Humidity 微气候影响 Microclimate effects 海平面上升 Sea level rise 人工影响天气 Weather modification 岩石圈 LITHOSPHERE 固态地球 Solid Earth
The Earth From classical times it has been known that the earth is roughly spherical in shape. Actually the planet is shaped more like a slightly flattened ball whose polar radius is about 21km shorter than its equatorial radius. The average radius is 6371km. The earth’s specific gravity is 5.5. It is 5.5 times as heavy as an equal volume of water. The specific gravity is greater than that of any other planet in the solar system, but not appreciably different from that of Mercury, Venus and Mars. Because the average specific gravity of surface rocks is only about 2.7, the material existing deep within the earth must have a specific gravity well in excess of the 5.5 average. Very likely, the material at the earth’s center has a specific gravity as high as about 15. The splendid photographs of the earth taken from space by Apollo astronauts remind us that our planet is more than a rocky globe orbiting the sun. The patterns of white clouds above the azure blue color tell us of the presence of an atmosphere and hydrosphere. Here and there one can even discern patches of tan that indicates the existence of continents. Greenish hues provide evidence of the planet’s most remarkable feature: there is life on earth. THE A TMOSPHERE We live beneath a thin but vital envelope of gases called atmosphere. We refer to these gases as air. “Pure air”is composed mainly of nitrogen (78.03%) and oxygen 920.99%). The remaining 0.98% of air is made of argon, carbon dioxide and minute quantities of other gases. One of these “other”components found mostly in the upper atmosphere is a form of oxygen called ozone. Ozone absorbs much of the sun’s lethal ultraviolet radiation, and is thus of critical importance organisms on the surface of the earth. Air also contains from 0.1 percent to 5.0 percent of water vapor. However, because this moisture content is so variable, it is not usually included in lists of atmospheric components. Every day, the atmosphere receives radiation from the sun. This solar radiation provides the energy that heats the atmosphere and drives the winds. Distribution of solar radiation is one of the most important factors in determining the various kinds of climate we experience on the earth. THE HYDROSPHERE(水圈) The discontinuous envelope of water that covers 71 percent of earth’s surface is called hydrosphere. It includes the ocean as well as water vapor. The water contained in streams and lakes, water frozen in glaciers, and water that occurs underground in the pores and cavities of rocks. If surface irregularities such as continents and deep oceanic basins and trenches were smoothed out, water would completely cover the earth to a depth of more than two kilometers. Water is an exceedingly important geologic agent. Glacier composed of water in its solid form alter the shape of the land by scouring, transporting and depositing rock debris. Because water has the property of dissolving many natural compounds, it contributes significantly to the decomposition of rocks and, therefore, to the development of soils on which we depend for food. Water moving relentlessly down hill as sheetwash, in rills, and in streams loosens and carries away the particles of rock to lower elevations where they are deposited as layers of sediment. Clearly, the process of sculpturing our landscapes is primarily dependent upon water. By far the greatest part of the hydrosphere is contained within the ocean basins. These basins are of enormous interest to geologists who have discovered that they are not permanent and immobile as once believed, but rather are dynamic and ever changing. There is ample evidence
英语材料 1采矿专业英语 1 概述 1 mining 采矿 2 underground mining 地下采矿 3 open cut mining, open pit mining, surface mining 露天采矿 4 mining engineering 采矿工程 5 mining technology 采矿工艺 6 underground mining 地下矿山 7 surface mining 露天矿山 8 exploitation 开采 scope of exploitation 开采范围; 9 10 exploration 勘探 11 mine feasibility study 矿山可行性研究 12 mine capacity 矿山规模 13 mine production capacity 矿山生产能力 14 mining schedule 采矿计划 15 annual mine output 矿山年产量 16 mine life 矿山服务年限 17 mine construction 矿山基本建设 18 mine construction period 矿山建设期限 19 arrival at mine full capacity 矿山达产 20 mining intensity 开采强度 21 rock mechanics 岩石力学 22 rock mass mechanics 岩体力学 2 地质
1 crust 地壳,外壳 mineral deposit 矿床 2 mine field 矿田 3 mine 矿山 4 orebody 矿体 blind orebody 盲矿体;buried orebody 隐伏矿体; irregular-shaped orebody 不规则矿体;marginal orebody 边缘矿体 5 vein 矿脉 6 ore 矿石 7 grade 品位 geological grade 地质品位;average grade 平均品位; cut-off grade 边界品位;economic grade 经济品位 8 industrial ore 工业矿石 9 extracted ore 采出矿石 10 hanging wall 上盘 11 footwall 下盘 12 bedrock 基岩 13 mineralization 成矿作用 14 mining area 矿区 15 outcrop 露头 16 reserve 储量 ore reserve 矿石储量;proved reserve 探明储量 17 strike 走向 18 dip 倾向 dip angle 倾角; 19 lead 铅 20 aluminium 铝 21 zinc 锌 22 tin 锡 23 mercury 汞
02 采矿 序码汉文名英文名注解02、001 采矿工艺mining technology 02、002 有用矿物valuable mineral 02、003 冶金矿产原料metallurgical mineral raw materials 02、004 矿床mineral deposit 02、005 特殊采矿specialized mining 02、006 海洋采矿oceanic mining,marine mining 02、007 硬岩采矿hard rock mining 02、008 矿田mine field 02、009 矿山mine 02、010 露天矿山surface mine, open-pit mine 02、011 地下矿山underground mine 02、012 井田shaft area 02、013 矿井shaft 02、014 矿床勘探mineral deposit exploration 02、015 矿山场地布置mine yard layout 02、016 矿山可行性研究mine feasibility study 02、017 矿山生产能力mine production capacity 02、018 矿山规模mine capacity 02、019 矿山年产量annual mine output 02、020 清洁开采clean mining 02、021 无废开采waste-less mining 02、022 数字矿山digital mine 02、023 绿色矿山green mine 02、024 采矿方法mining method 02、025 矿山环境评价mine environment assessment 02、026 矿块Ore block 02、027 矿山安全评价mine safety assessment 02、028 采矿权mining right 02、029 分期开采phased mining 02、031 矿区mine area 02、032 富矿rich ore 02、033 贫矿lean ore
Chapter 3 .1 Mining method mining method 采矿方法; mining operation 采矿作业;transportation 运输; ventilation 通风; ground control 顶板管理; the cost of per ton of coal 吨煤成本;recovery 回采率; subside v. subsidence n.地表沉陷;subsidence control 地表沉陷控制cover 覆盖层; overburden 上覆地层; immediate roof 直接顶; floor 底板; dip (Pitch)倾角; hardness 硬度; strength 强度; cleavage 解理; gas,methane 瓦斯 daily operation 日常工作 single operation 单一工序 unit operation 单元作业 auxiliary operation辅助作业 cutting n. 切割,掏槽; blasting n. 爆破 loading n. 装煤 haul v. 运输,搬运 drainage n.排水 power n. 动力power Supply 动力供应communication n. 通讯lighting n.照明。 disruption in production 停产;reduction in production 减产;compromise 折衷 room and pillar 房柱式 by far 到目前为止 i n common with … 和…一样underground mining 井工开采outcrop 露头,露出地面的岩层;crosscut 联络巷、石门; drift 平硐; entry 平巷; development stage 开拓阶段;production stage 生产阶段; face 工作面。 continuous miner 连续采煤机;haulage capacity 运输能力; main entry 主巷。 barrier pillar 隔离煤柱; butt entry 区段平巷; property line 矿井边界线。shearer 滚筒采煤机 planer,Plow 刨煤机 surface mining 露天开采 auger mining 螺旋钻开采 rapid excavation 快速掘进hydraulic mining 水力采矿underground gasification 地下气化ocean mining 海洋采矿 Chapter 3 .2 Mine Preplanning Hercules【希、罗神】赫尔克里斯, 大力神--> Herculean, adj. 力气极大的;需要大力气的。herculean effort 巨大的努力inadequacy n.不足,缺乏。transportation facility 运输设备inflationary adj. 通货膨胀的,通货膨胀引