法律刊物中英文对照

法律刊物中英文对照

何家弘 法律英语 第一章 法律制度 英汉对照

Lesson 1 法律制度 Part One Featuers and Characteristics 第一部分特征与特点 The United States is at once a very new nation and a very old nation. 美国既是一个非常新的国家也是一个非常老的国家。 It is a new nation compared with many other countries, and it is new, too, in the sense that it is constantly being renewed by the addition of new elements of population and of new States. 与许多别的国家相比它是一个新的国家。同时，它还因新人口成分和新州的加入而持续更新，在此意义上，它也是新国家。 But in other senses it is old. It is the oldest of the "new" nations--the first one to be made out of an Old World colony. 但是在其它的意义上它是老国家。它是最老的“新”国家——第一个由旧大陆殖民地脱胎而出的国家。 It has the oldest written constitution, the oldest continuous federal system, and the oldest practice of self government of any nation. 它拥有最古老的成文宪法、最古老的持续的联邦体制以及最古老的民族自治实践。 One of the most interes ting features of America’s youth is that the whole of its history belongs in the period since the invention of the printing press. 美国的年轻（性）有一个很有意思的特点就是它的历史肇始于印刷机发明之后。 The whole of its history is, therefore, recorded: indeed, it is safe to say that no other major nation has so comprehensive a record of its history as has the United States, for events such as those that are lost in the legendary past of Italy or France or England are part of the printed record of the United States. 因此它的整个历史都得以记录下来：确实可以很有把握地说，任何其它国家都没有像美国这样全面的历史记录，因为像在意大利、法国或者英国过去的传说中湮没的那样的事件在美国都成了有文字记载的历史之一部分。 And the American record is not only comprehensive; it is immense. 而且其记录不仅全面，还非常浩繁。 It embraces not only the record of the colonial era and of the Nation since 1776, but of the present fifty States as well, and the intricate network of relationships between States and Nation. 不仅包括这个国家自1776 年以来的殖民时期的记录，还有当前五十个州以及各州和联邦（nation）之间错综复杂的关系网络的历史记录。 Thus, to take a very elementary example, the reports of the United States Supreme Court fill some 350 volumes, and the reports of some States are almost equally voluminous: the reader who wants to trace the history of law in America is confronted with over 5,000 stout volumes of legal cases. 因此，据一个非常简单的例子，美国最高法院判例汇编有大约350 卷，而一些州的判例汇编也几乎有同样多的卷数：想研究美国法律史的读者要面对的是超过5000 巨卷的司法案例。 No one document, no handful of documents, can properly be said to reveal the character

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谈一场恋爱就像读一本新书 Starting a new book is a risk, just like falling in love. You have to commit to it. You open the pages knowing a little bit about it maybe, from the back or from a blurb on the front. But who knows, right? Those bits and pieces aren’t always right. 读一本新书恰似坠入爱河，是场冒险。你得全身心投入进去。翻开书页之时，从序言简介直至封底你或许都知之甚少。但谁又不是呢？字里行间的只言片语亦不总是正确。 Sometimes people advertise themselves as one thing and then when you get deep into it you realize that they’re something completely different. Either there was some good marketing attached to a terrible book, or the story was only explained in a superficial way and once you reach the middle of the book, you realize there’s so much more to this book than anyone could have ever told you. 有时候你会发现，人们自我推销时是一种形象，等你再深入了解后，他们又完全是另一种模样了。有时拙作却配有出色的市场推销，故事的叙述却流于表面，阅读过半后，你方才发觉：这本书真是出乎意料地妙不可言，这种感受只要靠自己去感悟！ You start off slow. The story is beginning to unfold. You’re unsure. It’s a big commitment lugging this tome around. Maybe this book won’t be that great but you’ll feel guilty about putting it down. Maybe it’ll be so awful you’ll keep hate-reading or just set it down immediately and never pick it up again. Or maybe you’ll come back to it some night, drunk or lonely — needing something to fill the time, but it won’t be any better than it was when you first started reading it. 你慢慢翻页，故事开始缓慢展开，而你却依旧心存犹疑。阅读这样的巨著需要百分之百的投入。或许它并不是你想象中的伟大的作品，奈何半途弃读会使你觉得不安。又或许，故事真的很烂，你要么咬牙苦读下去，要么立刻放弃束之高阁。抑或某个酒醉或孤寂的夜晚，你又重新捡起这本书来——但只为打发时光。不管怎样，它并没有比你初次阅读时好多少。

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四书:(Four Books) 《大学》The Great Learning 《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean 《论语》The Analects of Confucius 《孟子》The Words of Mencius 五经:(Five Classics) 《诗经》The Book of Songs 《书经》The Book of History 《易经》The Book of Changes 《礼记》The Book of Rites 《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals 《三国演义》Three Kingdoms or Romance of The Three Kingdoms 《水浒传》The Water Margin or the Outlaws of the Marsh 《西游记》Story of a Journey to the West or The Pilgrimage to the West 《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions or A Red-Chamber Dream 《聊斋志异》Strange Stories from a Scholar's Studio 《山海经》Mountain and Sea Classics 《战国策》Stratagems of the Warring States 《史记》Records of the Grand Historian

《世纪新说》New sayings of the World 《西厢记》Romance of the Western Chamber 《醒世恒言》Stories to Awaken Men(觉醒者的故事) 《喻世明言》Stories to Enlighten Men(开导者的故事) 《警世通言》Stories to Warn Men (警告者的故事) 《官场现形记》Exposure of the Official World(接触官方世界) 《本草纲目》Outline of Herb Medicine 《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror(以史为镜 《儒林外史》The Scholars 《金瓶梅》the Golden Lotus 《孙子兵法》Sun Tzu The Art Of War 《道德经》Tao Te Ching 《汉书》The History of the Han Dynasty 《后汉书》The History of Latter Han 《三国志》The History of the Three Kingdoms 《二十年目睹之怪现状》Odd things witnessed over twenty years 《孽海花》A torn lily or flower in the vicious sea 《老残游记》Travels of Lao Tsan or Travels of an Old Man 《孝经》Book of Filial Piety

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实用法律英语中英对照版

实用法律英语中英对照版 ——民事 civil ——民事 civil affairs;affairs relating to civil law ——民事上的占有 civil possesion ——民事上的没收 civil forfeiture ——民事上诉 civil appeal ——民事主体 civil subject ——民事法律关系 civil legal relationship ——民事活动 activity relating to civil law ——民事纠纷 civil dispute ——民事客体 civil object ——民事原告 civil plaintiff ——民事被告 civil defendant ——民事指控 civil charge ——民事案件 civil case ——民事过失 civil negligence ——民事责任事故 accident involving civil liability ——民事补偿 civil remedy ——民事诉讼 civil action ——民事损害 civil injury

——民事债务 civil debt ——民事管辖 civil jurisdiction ——民事制裁 civil sanction ——民事审判 civil trial ——民事调解 civil mediation ——民事罚款 civil penalty ——民事权利争议 dispute concerning private rights ——民事权利剥夺 deprived of private rights ——民事权利请求 civil claim ——民事权利变更 alternation of private right ——民政 civil administraion ——民事权利与责任 civil right and liability ——民事权利 civil right ——人身权利 jura personarum; rights of the person ——人格权 right of personality ——上诉权 right of appeal ——不受时效限制权 imprescriptible right ——立遗嘱权 right to make a will ——合法权利 legal right ——共有权 communal tenure

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法律法规中明文规定的英文翻译 ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF "EXPRESS PROVISIONS" "明文规定"有多种表达，如：expressly provide; stipulate explicitly; stipulate in explicit terms; explicitly to say that ...; substantive enactment; clearly stipulated in writing; explicit stipulation; be laid down officially 违反明文规定的行为acting contrary to declaration 法律明文规定express statutory provision 合同明文规定express terms of the contract; expressly agreed terms of the contract 另有明文规定otherwise expressly provided 无明文规定者casus omissus 合同的明文规定express terms of the contract; express trems of contract 但另有明文规定者除外except where otherwise expressly provided 法无明文规定不处罚nulla poena sine lege 法无明文规定者不罚nulla poena sine lege 按条文规定的准备金reserve required by the articles 除下文规定的范围外……save to the extent hereinafter appearing 不成文规定unwritten dictates 规定的compulsory; defined; definite; detention charges; established procedure; formulary; prescriptive; preset; regulation; specified; statute; systematical 按照规定的as stated 法例规定的statutory 规定的，许可的approved 规定的标准governing criteria; governing criterion; specified standards

法律术语中英文对照

case law 案例法 cause of action 起诉理由 chancellor衡平法官 chancery division 衡平法庭 circuit court 巡回法院 civil law 大陆法 civil right act 人权法案 civil procedure 民事诉讼法 clerk书记官 closing argument 诉讼结论 co－defedant共同被告 common law 普通法、习惯法、一致法、共同法compurgation宣誓采证法 compurgatory宣誓采证法中的证人complaint起诉状 concurrent jurisdiction 竞合管辖权consideration约因 consortium婚姻生活权；配偶权；亲权contempt of court 藐视法庭罪 contract under seal 封印契约 contributory negligence 加工过失corpusjurissecundum美国法律百科全书counterclaim反诉 court of common pleas 民诉法院 court of king's bench 王室法院 court of exchequer 财务法院 court of exchequer chamber 财务上诉法院country court 乡镇法院 court of common bench 民诉法院 court of chancery 衡平法院

court of justice of the peace 地方治安法院 court of probate 遗嘱继承法院 court of divorce 婚姻法院 court of appeal in chancery 衡平上诉法院 court of crown cases reserved 皇室上诉法院 court of assize 巡回法院 court of outside the united kingdom 英国境外各法院court of first instance 第一审法院 court of second instance 第二审法院 court of the international trade 国际贸易法院 court of appeals for the federal circuit 联邦巡回上诉法院covenant封印契约赔偿令状 cross claim 被告间诉讼 crossexamnation复向对方提出之证人 curiaregis国王的法院 damages损害赔偿 debt返还确定金钱的令状 decree衡平法院作成的判决 deductive reasoning 演绎法 defaultjudgement一造判决 defendant被告 defendant in error 被上诉人 demurrer驳回 deposition诘问内容作成的笔录 detinue非法留置的动产回复令状 dialectical reasoning 论理（辩证）方法 direct examination 诘问自己提出辩证 direct verdict 法官指示陪审团作出直接判决 discovery process 发现程序 dismiss驳回