搜档网
当前位置:搜档网 › 详中英语知识点归纳汇总-推荐

详中英语知识点归纳汇总-推荐

详中英语知识点归纳汇总-推荐
详中英语知识点归纳汇总-推荐

初中英语知识归纳总结(打印版)

第一课时名词

一、概述

1、名词的属性:表示人或事物的名称抽象概念的词叫名词。

2、名词分普通名词和专有名词。普通名词是表示某一类人或事物,或某种物体或抽象概念的名称。如:teacher, desks, plates, milk, box 等,专有名词表示某一特定的人、事物、地方团体、党派、国家机关、

语言、节日等专用的名称。(运用)如:China, Chinese, Saturday, June, Green, Beijing, Olympic 等。(专有名词的第一个字母要大写)

二、可数名词与不可数名词

1、可数名词是指表示人或事物,可以用数来计量的名词,有单复数之分。如:glass-----glasses;

book---- books

2、不可数名词是指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。

如:paper, rice, water , milk, tea 等。

3、有些名词在特定情况下由不可数变为可数名词。

Light travels faster than sound;(light:光线,不可数)

The lights are on.(light:灯,可数)

4、不可数名词的量的表示

不可数名词一般无法用数来计算,前面不能用 a 或 an 或数词来表示数量,它的量往往借助于容器来表示。

如:a glass of milk------------- four glasses of milk

a piece of paper-------- two pieces of paper

a bag of rice------------ three bags of rice

三、可数名词的复数形式(识记、运用)1、可数名词在应用时有单复数之分,单数

变复数有规则变化和不规则变化两种。规则变化

policeman---policemen;man---men;woman---women;

tooth---teeth;foot---feet; sheep---sheep;deer--deer;

Japanese--- Japanese;Chinese ---Chinese;fish---- fish

四、名词所有格(运用)

名词的所有格是表示所有关系的形式,它也有构成上的变化。

1、单数名词变所有格,只需在词尾加’ s;

2、复数名词的词尾已有 s,只需加’ 即可;

3、复数名词的词尾若没有 s ,则应加’ s ;

4、如果表示某人或物为两人所共有,则在第二个人后面加’ s ;

如:Da Mao and Xiao Mao’s room

5、名词所有格结构通常用于表示有生命的名词,或表示时间、距离、地点等,而表示无生命名词的所有关系则用“of”表示。

如: the windows of house the picture of the family

of 结构也能用于有生命名词的所有格。

a friend of my sister’s a book of his

第二课时冠词(一)

一、概述

冠词是一种虚词,在句子中不重读,本身不能独立使用。在汉语中没有这个词类。在学习冠词时,要注意这种加在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人或事物的词表示数量“一”时,与数词的区别;其表示“数量”的意义没有“one”强,这是学习中注意区别的。

二、冠词的定义

冠词是置于名词之前,说明名词所表示的人或事物的一种虚词,它不能离开名词而单独存在。冠词有两种:

一种是定冠词(the Definite Article);the

一种是不定冠词(the Indefinite Article). a an

三、不定冠词的用法

a用于辅音音素起首的单词前,an 用于元音音素起首的单词前。

1、当第一次提到某人或某物时,用 a 或 an 起介绍作用,如:

What is this?It is a bus.

Who is she?She is a doctor.

2、表示泛指一类人或物

A snake is a cold-blood animal.

A plane is a machine that can fly.

3、表示某一类人或事物的任何一个。如:

She is a teacher;That is an apple.

There is an elephant in the zoo.

4、可用于某些词组,是该词组不可缺少的组成部分。如:

a long time a little a few

at a time have a try take a chance

5、表示“每一个”的意思。如:

three times a day four yuan a dozen

6、可用于抽象名词之前,使抽象名词具体化。如:

I am quite at a loss;

The little child is a joy to his parents.

7、用于物质名词之前,使物质名词普通化。如:

He drew out a tin of pineapple.

They made a fire to get warm.

注意:

1、不定冠词 an 用在以元音(不是字母,而是发音)起首的名词或其他以元音起首的词之前,不定冠词 a 用在以辅音起首的名词或其他以辅音起首的词之前。

2、u 和 h 有时在单词中发元音,有时却读作辅音或不发音。如:

I have been waiting for an hour.

He is an honest young fellow.

A hammer is a useful fool.

3、英语中有些字母,如 f h l m n s x。由于它前头第一个音是元音,所以在单独使用或作

缩略词的第一个字母时,应使用“an‖,如:

There is an ―n‖ in the word ―no‖.

An MP means a member of parliament.

第三课时冠词(二)

一、定冠词的用法

定冠词 the 有 this, that, these, those 等意思,用于单数或复数名词前。主要用来特指,使一个或几个事物区别于所有其他同名的事物。

1、指前文已经提到过的人或事物。如:

I wrote an article. The article was about physics.

2、指说话人都知道的人或事物。如:

Please close the door before you leave.

Let’s go to the classroom.

3、名词有定语修饰时,须用定冠词 the,表示特指意义。如:

The book on the desk is his.

The teacher who talked with you is her mother.

4、用于世界上独一无二的事物前。如:

the sun the moon the earth the sky the world

5、用在序数词前面表示顺序。如:

I live on the fourth floor.

My mother is always the first one to come and the last one to leave.

6、与其他词连用,构成固定词组。如:

on the left in the north in the front of

7、在表示乐器名称的名词之前用定冠词。如:

the piano the violin

8、用在形容词或副词的最高级前面。如:

This was the most interesting voyage we had ever had.

He is the tallest of us.

9、用在形容词前面,表示复数意义的某一类人或事物。如:

the rich the poor the young the living

the new the right the true the beautiful

10、在表示江河、山脉、海湾、海峡、沙漠等专用名词之前加定冠词。如:

the Changjiang River the Nile

the Alps the Himalayas

11、用在年代、朝代、时代名词前。如:

the Qin Dynasty the Ming Dynasty

in the 50’s the spring period

12、和表示姓氏名词的复数形式连用,表示某姓氏一家人或夫妇二人。如:

the Lis the Martins

二、不用冠词的情况

1、除一些特殊情况外,专用名词以及抽象名词和物质名词前不加冠词。如:

Man is mortal.

Miss Smith came in power at last.

2、当名词前已有 this, that, my, his, any, every, some, no, those, these 等词修饰时或有所有格修饰时,不必加冠词。如:

She is my sister.

This article you had written is very wonderful.

3、在交通工具、学科名称等名词前不加冠词。如:

by plane by boat Chinese Physics

4、在节日、假日、星期、月份、季节等名词前不加冠词。如:

National Day May Day

Autumn January

5、在一日三餐、体育类等名词前不加冠词。如:

He prefers milk and egg for breakfast.

He preferred to play football and I’d rather play tennis.

6、在唯一的职务、头衔的名词前不加冠词。如:

He is elected manager of our company.

People elected him president of that country last year.

7、在报纸标题、图像说明、文章题目、标志、广告前不加冠词。如:

Worker’s Mind

Notes on the Study of Hong Lou Meng

8、在一些固定词组中不加冠词。如:

at home by mistake learn by heart

at first at last at once

by sea day and night

第四课时代词(一)

一、概述

代词是用来代替名词或名词短语的词。

代词的分类:

人称代词:表示“我”、“我们”、“你”“你们”、“他、她、它”、“他们”的词叫人称代词;物主代词:表示所有关系的代词,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词;

反身代词:表示动作反射到执行者本身或用来加强语气的代词;

指示代词:表示能替代名词或替代形容词的词;不定代词:表示

不指明替代任何特定名词的代词。

疑问代词:表示替代人或物且含有疑问语气的代词。

人称第一人称第二人称第三人称

单数复数单数复数单数复数格

主格I we you you he, she, it they

宾格me us you you him, her,it them

1、主格在句中作主语,宾格在句中作宾语。

She gave these books to you and me;

You must look after them;

2、当并列代词作主语时,I 放在最后。顺序为你,他,我

You, he and I are going to spend the winter holidays in Beijing.

三、物主代词

人称第一人称第二人称第三人称类数单数复数单数复数单数复数

别my our your your his, her, its their 形容词性

名词性mine ours yours yours his, hers,its theirs

my watch;your books ;their names;

名词性物主代词在句中可单独作用,可作主语、宾语和表语,后面不跟名词,英语中说:“我的一位朋友”,要用“a friend of mine‖。

有些结构中常用the 替代物主代词

He had a cold in the head.(the 意思是 his)

My mother took me by the arm. (the 意思是her)

四、反身代词

单数myself yourself himself; herself; itself

复数ourselves yourselves themselves

反身代词在句中可以加强语气,用作宾语和同位语。

He himself has finished it .(作同位语)

He has taught himself Russian for 5 years .(作宾语)

I did it mysldf. (加强语气)

某些固定结构:by oneself; fo oneself; among themselves

They made the machine all by themselves. He cooked a meal

for himself.

第五课时代词(二)

一、指示代词

指示代词有:this; that; these; those

this, these 表示“这”、“这些”,是“近指”。

that, those 表示“那”、“那些”,是“远指”。

注意:在电话用语里面,用 this 代替自己,that 代替对方。如:

who’s that?This is Tom speaking

二、不定代词

英语中有以下不定代词:all, each, every, both, either, neither, one, none, little(a little), few(a few), many, much, other, another, some, any, no 还有由 some, any , no every 构成的代词。

1)both, all

both 是指“两者都”,而 all 则是指“三者或三者以上都”,如:

Both of us are right.

All of you are good at playing basketball.

但 all 还可以组成固定短语 all day, all this,all the time 等

2) either, neither

either 是指“两者之中任何一个……“属于部分否定,而 neither 则是“两者之中一个也不……“属全部否定

Either of the books will do.

Neither of the answers is right.

而either 还可出现在否定句子里,可与 neither 进行句型转换。如:

Tom hasn’t been to America, Jim hasn’t, either =

Neither Tom nor Jim has been to America.

而neither (nor) 也可用于表示“也不……”,构成“neither (nor) +助动词+主语”的句

式。Kate isn’t a worker, neither is Meimei.

3) little, a little, few, a few

little, a little 修饰不可数名词; few , a few 修饰可数名词;

little, few 表示否定,“几乎没有”

a little, a few 表示肯定,相当于 some, any.

There is a little milk in the glass.

There are few students in the classr oom, they’re in the reading-room.

4) every, each

every, each 都是强调每一个,every 作定语修饰名词。如:

The bus comes every five minutes.

Each of them may come at a different time.

5) some , any

6) 由 some, any, no, every 组成的不定代词

something, someone, somebody, somewhere, anything, anyone, anybody, anywhere, nothing, none, nobody, nowhere, everything,everyone, everybody, everywhere.

三、疑问代词

疑问代词用来构成疑问句,一共有五个:

who, whom, whose, what, which.

第六课时数词

一、基数词

基数词表示数量

one eleven twenty twenty-one a hundred

two twelve thirty thirty-eight a thousand

three thirteen forty fifty-three a million

four fourteen fifty a billion

five fifteen sixty

six sixteen seventy

seven seventeen eighty

eight eighteen ninety

nine nineteen

ten

注意:表示具体数目的hundren, thousand, million 等均不用复数,百位数和十位数之间通常加连词and;十位数与个位数之间要加连字符。

二、序数词

first eleventh twentieth twenty-first a hundred and fifty-third

second twelfth thirtieth ninety-ninty

third thirteenth fortieth

fourth fourteenth fiftieth

fifth fifteenth sixtieth

sixth sixteenth seventieth

seventh seventeenth eightieth

eighth eighteenth ninetieth

ninth nineteenth hundredth

tenth

first---1st second --- 2ndtenth --- 10th

三、时间和年月日表示法

1、时间均用基数词表示:

1)顺读法,先说“点钟”,再说“分钟”,如:

2:15two fifteen6:20six twenty

2)逆读法

30分钟以内:“分钟数+ past +钟点数”,如:

3:20--- twenty past three2:10 --- ten past two

半小时用 half,15 分钟用 a quarter :

2:15--- a quarter past two3:30 --- half past three

30分钟以外要用:“分钟数+ to +下一个钟点”,如:

4:35--- twenty-five to five2:55 --- five to three

2)年月日表示法

年份读法;月日读法;年月日一起读法。

四、分数的表示法

当分数中表示分子的数只含个位数时一般采用“分子(用基数词)+分母(用序数词)”表示。(分子大于 1 时,分母序数词用复数)如:

one-third; two-thirds; three twenty-seconds

五、数词与名词的搭配

1)数词与名词连用时,它们的次序是“名词+基数词”

Lesson 15;Room 1506 或者用“the + 序数词 + 名词”

The Fifteenth Lesson the third floor

2)数词与小时的搭配

two hours and a half three hours

half an hour

第七课时形容词

一、概述

形容词修饰名词,说明人或事物或特征。在句中可作定语、表语、宾语补足语。

The beautiful girl is Tom’s sister.(充当定语)

Three is nothing serious, is there?(充当定语,修饰不定代词的形容词及短语要放在不定代词之后)The shoes in the shop were not very expensive.(作表语)

The old are looked after well.(有些形容词和定冠词 the 连用时,表示一类人或物,其谓语动词用复数形式)

二、形容词比较级及最高级的形式

情况变化形式举例

一般情况在词尾直接加-er ; -est small - smaller - smallest 以 e 结尾的词在词尾加–r ; - st ;large - larger - largest

以辅音字母+y 结尾变 y 为 i,加- er; -est happy- happier- happiest

以一个元音字母加一个辅

fat – fatter – fattest

将该辅音字母双写,再加thin – thinner – thinnest

音字母结尾,而且是重读闭-er ; -est big – bigger – biggest

音节

hot – hotter - hottest

2、部分双音节和多音节形容词比较级和最高级变化形式在多音节形容词前加more 或 most

beautiful – more beautiful – most beautiful

useful – more useful – most useful

3、不规则形容词比较级和最高级形式:

good, well – better – best bad, ill – worse – worst

many, much – more – most little – less – least

far – farther, further – farthest, furthest

三、形容词的比较等级的用法

1、当 A=B 时,则用 as(副)…as(介,连)…,中间用形容词或副词的原级。表示甲与乙在某方面一样

He is as tall as I (me)

2、A≠B,则用not as(so)…as… 表示甲与乙在某方面不一样。

He is not so tall as I = He is shorter than I =I’m taller than he

The boy isn’t as careful as that one

=This boy isn’t as careful than that one

3、比较级+than 形式

This lesson is more difficult than that one

She is fatter than Kate

4、the+最高级+(in of)短语

Miss Zhou is one of the most popular in our class

He is the oldest of the three

of 常与名词复数或表示数量的词连用。表示“在…之中”这一。in 常与表示范围或场所的名词连用“在…范围之中”

四、形容词比较级特殊用法

1)more and more比较级连用表示“越来越……”

In spring the weather gets warmer and warmer.

He is getting busier and busier.

2)The more … the more越…就越…

The larger the bus is , the more people it can carry.

The farther away an object is from us, the smaller it looks.

3)比较级形式表达最高级:

比较级+than any other+名词单数;

比较级+than the other+名词复数He

is clever than any other boy

----He is the clevest of all the boys

----He is clever than the other boys

4、修饰比较级的副词有 much, even , quite , a little, a lot 等表示“得多”“甚至”,表示程度。

第八课时副词

一、概述

副词是用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的词,表示动作的特征、状态的特征或某种性质的程度。

二、副词的分类

时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、疑问副词及程度副词。

1、时间副词:时间副词表达的内涵包括回答“什么时候”或“经常与否”

A:how, then, yesterday, last time, today, just now, later on, so far, ago;

B:always, often, usually, sometimes, never, hardly, ever;

C:already, yet, late, early, soon, at once, at last, finally, at first, since;

2、地点副词:表示地点或位置关系的副词。

A:here, there, home, anywhere, everywhere;

B:above, below, down, up, out, in, across, back, over, round, away, near;

注:B 类中表示位置的副词有时也可作介词。如:

come in, please----------- They live in the next room.

3、方式副词:badly, carefully ,politely, sadly, suddenly, happily. well, fast, high, hard.

4、程度副词:常见的有: much, a little, a bit, very, even, so, too, enough, quite, rather, completely, terribly, nearly, hardly, not at all。这些副词多用来修饰形容词、副词或动词以加强语气。

5、疑问副词:是用来引导一个特殊问句,有时用来引导时间状语从句或宾语从句。

疑问副词有:how, when, where, why, who

6、部分副词的用法:

1)too, either, also都是表示“也”。

too 和 either 都用于句末,too 用于肯定句中,either 用于否定句及一般疑问句中,also 放在句子中,BE 动词前,实义动词后。

2)so, neither都可以用在倒装句的开头。

so 接在肯定句后表示“也一样”,句式:so+助动词+主

语; neither 接在一个否定句后面表示“也不,没......... ”

句式:neither+助动词+主语

I have read the book, so has he.

Jim didn’t win the game, neither did Tom. 3)

already, yet

already 和 yet 通常用于现在完成时中,already 用于肯定句,yet 用于否定句和疑问句

中。 He has already finished his homework.

Jim hasn’t come back yet.

7、副词的比较等级

副词和形容词一样,也有比较级和最高级,其变化形式与形容词的比较比较级和最高级一样。

第九课时介词

一、知识概述

介词是一种虚词,一般在句子中不重读,也不能单独充当句子成分,但与它的介词宾语一起构成介词短语,就可以在句子中作状语、定语和表语。

介词又称前置词,一般位于名词或代词的前面,表示该词与句子其他成分的关系。在学习介词时,最重要的是掌握介词的用法,动介词组的搭配,时间介词、方位介词、方向介词、位置介词、成语介词以及动向介词和静向介词的比较和区别。

二、介词的定义及句法功能

介词是一种虚词,在句中不单独作任何句子成分,只表示其后的名词或相当于名词的词语与其他句子成分的关系。介词后的名词,或相当于名词的其他词组、短语或从句,称为介词宾语。介词和介词宾语一起构成介词短语。介词短语在句中主要用作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。

The boy over there is my brother.(作定语)

A friend in need is a friend indeed.(作定语)

I shall meet you at the entrance of Qianmen Hotel.(作地点状语)

To their surprise, they saw not locusts, but seagulls.(作原因状语)

I’ll be in the office every afternoon.(作表语)

He isn’t at home(作表语)

The farmer made the king out of the water.(作宾语补足语)

I found everything in good order(作宾语补足语)

三、介词与其他词类的固定搭配。

介词和动词、形容词、名词等常构成固定搭配。也就是说,在这些词的后面,常常要求用一定的介词。

1、形容词与介词的固定搭配

有些形容词后面要求用固定的介词,这类介词常见的有:

about, at, for, from, in, of, to, with

(1)形容词+about

careful about hopeful about sure about

He is careless about his clothes

(2)形容词 +at

good at surprised at angry at

(3)形容词 + for

famous for ready for sorry for

I’m terrible sorry for telling him the truth.

(4)形容词 + from

different from safe from

He was absent from class this morning

My sister is different from me in many ways.

(5)形容词 + in

interested in successful in

He is interested in making model ships.

2、名词与介词的固定搭配

(1)名词 + for

He made up an excuse for being late.

Did you find the cause for your failure?

(2)名词 + in

He has some difficulty in translating the book

She has made great progress in English.

(3)名词 + of

She found another way of solving the problem

He forms a bad habit of getting up late

(4)名词 + on

There have been several attacks on foreigners recently.

Have pity on me!

(5)名词 + with

I wanted to have a talk with you

He is always getting into trouble with the police

第十课时连词

一、知识概述

连词是一种虚词,不能在句子中单独作句子成分,也没有句子重音,在句子中只起连接词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子以及从句的作用。连词分为并列连词和从属连词两种。并列连词是连接彼此并列关系的词。从属连词是用来引导从句的词。

二、并列连词

并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词、短语或句子。并列连词按其作用可分为表示转折、因果、选择和联合关系等四大类。

表示联合关系的连词,常见的有:and, not only……but also, as well as, both…and, neither…nor….

Written English is more or less the same in both Britain and American.

They were very surprised and I knew that I had done the right thing.

Work hard and you’ll pass the exam

=If you work hard, you’ll pass the exam.

While I was in the university, I learned both English and Japanese.

Both European and Asian speak Russia

You can’t speak both American English and British English at the same time.

Neither Tom nor you are a driver.

Neither I nor he has seen the play.

Neither of us is a teacher

You don’t like it, Neither do I .

She is beautiful as well as clever.

He is a great writer as well as a famous doctor.

三、从属连词

从属连词是用来连接各种从句的词

1、连接主语从句、表语从句与宾语从句的连词只有三个,即 that, if, whether。如:

Ask her if she will come with me.

The reason is that she never wasted her time.

I don’t know whether he had passed the exam.

2、引导状语从句的从属连词

(1)连接时间状语从句的从属连词有:since, until, after, before, when, while, as soon as,

whenever. I’ll tell you as soon as I know.

(2)连接地点状语从句的从属连词有: where, wherever

Sit wherever you like.

I found my books where I had left them.

(3)连接让步状语从句的从属连词有:although, though, even if,

however. Although she was tired, she kept on working.

(4)连接原因状语从句的从属连词有:as, because, since, now that,

He was absent because he was ill.

(5)连接目的状语从句的从属连词有:that, so that, in order

that. He raised his voice so that we could hear him.

(6)连接条件状语从句的从属连词有:if, unless, once, in

case. You’ll miss the train unless you hurry up.

(7)连接结果状语从句的从属连词有:so…that, such…that.

He came so late that he missed the class.

(8)连接比较状语从句的从属连词有:as…as…, not so…as…, less(more)…than,

the …the… This is more than I can accept.

(9)连接方式状语从句的从属连词有:as, as if

It looks as if it was going to rain.

第十一课时动词(一)

一、知识概述

在英语中,每个句子必须有一个动词来担当谓语。说明主语“是什么”或“做什么”,动词是表示动作或状态的词。动词和名词、代词一样,有人称和数的变化。谓语动词的人称和数一般要与主语的人称和数保持一致。

学好了英语动词相当于学好了一半的英语语法,可见英语动词的重要性。在初中英语中,动词的分类、动词的时态和语态以及动词的各种形式之间的联系,非谓语动词的构成、用法等等贯穿整个初中课本,包括英语句型都离不开动词时态或语态,因此在学习时特别要注意英语中时态的运用和语态之间的区别。

二、动词的分类及作用

按照动词的词义和在句中的作用,英语动词可分为行为动词(又叫实义动词)、连系动词、助动

词和情态动词。

1、行为动词

表示动作或状态,能独立作谓语。如:

She took pictures of trees

He is typing letters.

行为动词又分为及物动词和不及物动词。

(1)及物动词

及物动词后面必须跟宾语,意思才完整。

I enjoyed the film very much

I gave the child another piece of cake.

常见的能带两个宾语的动词有:

bring, build, buy, cook, cut, draw, find, get, hand, leave, lend, make, offer, pass, pay, read, return, sell, show, teach, tell, write, etc.

(2)不及物动词

本身词义完整,后面不要求跟宾语。如:

Horses run fast.

They work in a factory.

She curled up in bed and began her book.

2、连系动词

(1)本身有词义,不能在句子中单独作谓语,必须和表语一起构成谓语。常见的连系动词有:be, look, get, feel, sound, turn, smell, taste, become.

My father is an engineer.

My brother has become a doctor.

It seems that he was a millionaire.

I don’t feel very well today.

(2)表示感觉知觉的动词可以是连系动词,如 feel, touch, sound, smell.

I can smell the sea.

The customs officer looked carefully at their suitcases.

I feel a pain in the arm.

She looked worried about it.

3、动词与介词的固定搭配

动词与介词的搭配主要指下列两种形式:

(1)动词+宾语+介词

The song always reminds me of my school days.

Parents usually expect a lot of their children.

I often take her for her sister.

He hide everything from me.

The headmaster praised the boy for his courage.

They supplied people with enough food and drink.

They presented us with a lot of flowers.

The man was charged with mueder.

(2)动词+反身代词+介词

dress oneself in;prepare oneself for

give oneself to pride oneself on

He gives himself to pop music.

She always dresses herself in white.

第十二课时动词(二)

一、动词的形式

大多数动词有四种基本形式:

1、现在式;

2、过去式;

3、过去分词;

4、现在分词;

现在式是字典中所给的形式,也可称为动词原形。按照动词各种形式的构成方法,动词可分为规则动词和不规则动词两类。

1、第三人称单数形式;加-s 的规则

动词一般现在时单数第三人称形式的构成和名词复数的构成法及读音完全一样。

情况变化形式例词

一般情况加-s helps makes gets

以 s,x,ch,sh,o 结尾的名词加-es guesses fixes goes washes

以辅音字母加y 结尾的名词变 y 为 i, 加 es flies cries tries studies

2、动词的过去式和过去分词:构成动词-ed 形式的规则。

构成规则动词原形变化后一般在动词原形末尾加 ed look play looked played

结尾是 e 的动词加 d live hope lived hoped

以辅音字母加 y 的动词,改 y 为 i study carry studied carried

加 ed

重读闭音节的,又写最后一个辅音stop dropfit stopped dropped

字母,再加 ed fitted

(2)不规则动词的过去式及过去分词的形式是不规则的,可以查不规则动词变化形式表。

① 有些动词的三种形式一样。如:

bet ;burst;cast;cost;

cut;hit;hurt;let;

read;shut;spread

② 下面是一些易误用的不规则动词

bear, bore, born bite, bit, bitten blow, blew, blown

draw, drew, drawn drink, drank, drunk eat, ate, eaten

fly, flew, flown hide, hid, hidden lend, lent, lent

mean, meant, meant ride, rode, ridden rise, rose, risen

shake, shook, shaken swim, swam, swumtear, tore, torn throw,

threw, thrown wear, wore, worn

规则变化形式例词一般情况加 ing going asking

以不发音的e 结尾的去 e,再加 ing writing closing

以重读闭音节结尾的双写最后一个辅音字母,再加 ing getting beginning

以 ie 结尾的先将 ie 变为 y,再加 ing dying lying tying

第十三课时动词(三)

教学重点

一、助动词

助动词本身没有词义,不能单独作谓语,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词,表示否定、疑问、时态、语态等语法形式,或用来加强语气。常用的助动词有:be, do, have, shall, will 等。它们的具体用法如下:(1)助动词 be

A.可用于构成进行时态

She is doing her homework now.

I asked him what he had been doing all afternoon.

B.可用于构成被动语态

The baby was put in bed by his mother.

The invitation was received yesterday.

C.可与动词不定式构成谓语

These books are not to be taken out of the room.

She is to arrive at six this morning.

(2)助动词 have

A.构成完成时态

I have not seen him for three years.

How long has your uncle taught in the village?

He had lived in Scotland for fifteen years before he came to England.

B.和动词不定式构成谓语,表示因客观环境促使不得不做的事情

She had to go shopping yesterday.

(3)助动词 do

A.构成疑问句和否定句

Did anyone sharpen this knife?

I don’t think you are right.

B.用来加强语气

I do want to have a talk with you

Do come and see me.

C.用来代替动词词组

Have you finished your work?Yes, I did yesterday.

He plays basketball well. So does his brother.

(4)助动词 shall

构成将来时态,单纯表示未来情况

I shall not be back tonight.

We shall pay a visit to the Banpo ruins next month.

(5)助动词 will

构成将来时,用于第一、二、三人称。如:

They will move to a new house.

She will not eat any solid food.

注意:

(1) have to 与 must 的区别

must 是情态动词,意思是“必须”、―应该”、“一定要”,后接动词原形。Must 的否定形式为mustn’t.构成疑问句时,肯定回答一般用 must。否定回答用needn’t 或don’t have to 表示“不必”。如:Must I do it now ?

Yes, you must No, you needn’t.

have to 表示“不得不,必须”,可用于多种时态。

I missed the train, so I had to take a taxi.

I’m sorry I won’t go with you, I’ll have to go to the bank.

We don’t have to install this new television set.

(2) used to 表示过去常常,而现在不再有的习惯。其否定形式为: used not to, usedn’t (usen’t) to , didn’t use to.

I used to go to work by bus. Now I go by car.

I used to collect stamps when I was a boy.

Used they to have a lot more free time ?

第十四课时动词(四)

教学重点

情态动词

(1)情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度,或表示主观设想。情态动词有自己的词义,但不能单独作谓语动词,必须和不带 to 的动词不定式连用,没有人称和数的变化,常用的情态动词有 can, may, must, will, shall, should, would, need, dare.

①情态动词有自己的词义,表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度,或主观设想。如:

You may go now.

This bus can seat 40 people.

The work must be finished as soon as possible.

②情态动词不能单独作谓语,必须和不带 to 的不定式连用,没有人称和数的变化。

③ 情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式。

(2)情态动词的用法。

①may 的用法

a.表示允许或征询对方的许可,有“可以”的意思。May not 表示说话人“不许可”,如:

You may go now.

May I use you typewrite?

You may not go=I do not permit you to go.

b. 在回答 may 引导的疑问句时,肯定回答用 yes, you may 否定用No, you mustn’t. No, you can’t 或No, you had better not.

② can 的用法

a.表示能力,有“能、会、能够”的意思。

b.表示允许,在口语中代替 may,有“可以的意思。

c.表示“可能性”,常用于否定句或疑问句。

The hall can hold at least 200 people.

The librarian said we could take these books.

Today is Sunday, he can’t be at school today.

d.can 和 be able to 的用法比较

can 用来表达能力时,由于只有现在时和过去时两种形式,其他时态要用 be able to 来表达。如:

I can play piano.

He has not been able to finish the work in time.

③must 的用法

a. must 表示必须,应该。如:

Must I come to the party?

The article must be completed before Friday.

b. must 的否定形式mustn’t, 表示“不应该、不可以、禁止”。如:

You mustn’t get to school too late.

Must I do it now? Yes,you must.No, you needn’t

She must have gone to Beijing.

You must say sorry to me for that

You mustn’t clean only own room.

④need 的用法

a. need 作为情态动词主要用于否定句和疑问句,较少用于肯定句。如:

I needn’t wear a coat. = I don’t think I need wear a coat.

I don’t need things like that.

⑤shall

用于第二、第三人称,表示说话人的意愿。如:

He shall get his money.

You shall do exactly as you wish.

Shall I turn on the light?

Shall I poen the window?

⑥ would 的用法

表示愿望、决心、建议或看法,如:

I would like to go there.

I promised that I would do my best.

表示过去的习惯.

He would often come to my house to see me.

第十五课时动词的时态(一)

教学重点

一般现在时

在英语中,不同时间里以不同方式发生的动作或存在的状态,要用不同的动词形式来表示,动词的这种不同形式称为动词的时态。

时态从时间上划分,可分为四大类:现在时;过去时;将来时;过去将来时。从行为上,每一类可以分为四种形式:一般式;进行式;完成式;完成进行式。这样英语的动词合起来,总共有十六种时态,初中只需掌握其中的八种时态。

1、一般现在时

(1)一般现在时表示现在的状态、习惯性的动作或主语所具备的性格和能力等。

①当动词是 be 时,第一人称用 am,第二人称用 is,其他人称用 are.

② 当动词是实义动词时,一般用动词原形,但如果主语是第三人称单数时,动词必须用第三人称单数形式,其变化规则如下:

变化规则例词一般在动词词尾加-s,makes drives

以 s, x, ch, sh, o 结尾的动词加-es guesses goes

以辅音字母加y 结尾的,变 y 为 i,再加-es carries flies

要恢复原形。例如:

I like music.I don’t like music.

Do you like music?Yes, I doNo, I don’t

(2)一般现在时的用法

①表示经常、习惯性动作,常和 often, usually, every day, sometimes, always 等时间状语连用。如:

He goes to school by bus every day.

They often play football

② 表示能力、职业、特征。如:

Miss Gao teaches English.

Do you speak Japanese?

③ 表示客观存在。如:

The earth moves round the sun.

Time and tide wait for no man.

④ 表示已经安排好或计划好的事。如

The plane takes off at 7:30.

Classes begin at 8:00

⑤ 在时间状语和条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。如:

If I see him, I’ll tell him to give you a call.

We’ll wait until he comes back.

注意:

a.一般现在时的一些常见的时间状语有:always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, ever, never, every day, now and then, from time to time

b.现在进行时有时用来代替一般现在时,表示一个经常性的重复的动作或状态。这时句中常带always, forever 以表示说话人的某种感情,如赞叹、厌烦等。如:

He is always thinking of others.

He is always talking big.

第十六课时动词的时态(二)

教学重点

一般过去时

一般过去时

(1)一般过去时表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。

①当动词为 be 动词时,应该用相应的过去式:

am is ---- was are----- were

否定形式为:was not ---- wasn’t were not----- weren’t

疑问句是将was, were 置于主语之前。

I was in Grade Three last term.

I wasn’t in Grade Two last term.

Which grade were you in?

变化规则例词一般情况在词尾加-ed worked

以-e 结尾的在词尾加-d used lived

以辅音字母加y 结尾的,变 y 为 i 再加-ed studied carried

重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母的,双写此辅音字母再加stopped fitted

-ed

go ---- went begin ---- began sleep ---- slept run----- ran

I heard the good news just now.

The twins didn’t go to school last week

Did you see the film yesterday ?

(2)一般过去时的用法

①表示过去某一时间或一段时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的状语连用:yesterday, last week, a minute ago, in 1998, just now, in those days 等。例如:

They had a baby last month.

My mother was ill yesterday.

He went out just now.

②用于 since 引导的从句,主句的谓语动词如果用现在完成时,since 引导的从句一般要用一般过去时。如:

He has worked in the factory since it opened in 1990.

You haven’t changed much since we last met.

注意:

a.表示过去的时间状语常见的有:yesterday, last night(week, year, month, Sunday), then, at that time, just now, a few days(weeks, months) ago.以及由 after, before, when, while 引导的的表示过去的时间状语。

b.一般过去时可以用来表示现在的时间,这主要用于日常会话,使用的语气较为婉转客气。如:

I wanted to ask if I could borrow your bike.

第十七课时动词的时态(三)

教学重点

一般将来时过去将来时

(1)一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间状语连用:tomorrow,

next week, next month, in a few days, from now on。如

I’m going to visit the museum this Sunday.

I’ll be there in half an hour.

We’ll arrive tomorrow.

(2)一般将来时的构成

①be going to + 动词原形。Be 随主语人称和数的变化而变化,否定句在 be 后面加 not, 疑问句是将be 放到主语之后。例如:

It’s going to be fine tomorrow.

He isn’t going to speak at the meeting.

What are you going to do next?

②will +动词原形。Will 可以和各种人称及数的主语连用。否定句在 will 后加 not,缩写成won’t,疑问句需将 will 提至主语之前。例如:

We will have a basketball match next week.

Will you come to the party?

I son’t lend it to you.

③shall + 动词原形。此结构常用于主语为第人称 I / we 的句中,疑问句表示提建议或征求意见。如:

When and where shall we meet ?

Shall I turn on the TV ?

(3)一般将来时的基本用法。

①“be going to +动词原形”表示“意图”,即打算、计划要做某事。如:

Are you going to post the letter ?

How long is he going to stay here ?

②“be going to + 动词原形”还可以表示“预见”,即现在已有迹象表明将要发生的事。如:

There are a lot of clouds. It’s going to rain.

It’s 7:50. I’m going to be late.

③“will + 动词原形”表示客观上要发生的事或表示“带意愿色彩的将来”。如:

He will help you if you ask him.

They will come back tomorrow.

过去将来时

过去将来时表示在过去将来的某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常用于宾语从句中。其结构与一般将来时类似,只需将助动词改为过去式。

am/ is/ are going to + 动词原形→was/ were going to + 动词原形

will + 动词原形→ would +动词原形should

+ 动词原形→ should + 动词原形例如:

You knew I would come.

He asked me when he would see me again.

Jim said he was going to see his friend the next day.

第十八课时动词的时态(四)

教学重点

1、现在进行时

(1)现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在发生或进行的动作。它是由“be + 动词的现在分词”构成。其否定句是在 be 之后加 not。疑问句则将 be 提到主语之前。

(2

变化规则例词

一般情况直接加-ing-----do—doinghelp helping

以不发音的 e 结尾的,去-e 加-ing take---taking have-----h aving

重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母的,stop ----stopping set-----setting

双写此辅音字母再加-ing begin----beginning drop---d ropping (3)现在进行时的用法。

① 表示说话时正在进行的动作。如:

What are you doing ?Who are you waiting for ?

I’m cooking

②表示现阶段一直在进行的动作,但说话时不一定在进行。如:

He is working in a factory.She is translating look now.

③表示不断重复的动作。如:

The boy is always asking some strange questions.

The children are singing and dancing.

④表示位置移动的动词,可以用现在进行时表示将要发生的事。如 go, come, leave, fly, start 等。如:

When are you starting ?I’m leaving tomorrow.

2、过去进行时

过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。

过去进行时常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如:this time yesterday, at that time, then, last night, at 9:00 yesterday, all night 等。其构成和现在进行时类似,只需将 be 变为相应的过去式:was/ were + 动词-ing。如:What were you doing this time yesterday ?

When I was watering the garden, it began to rain.

I was watching TV.

I was writing while my mother was cooking.

教学难点:

①过去进行时表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生之后,另一个过去的动作正在进行。过去进行时也可

用来表示过去一段时间内持续发生的动作。如:

When I was watering the garden, it began to rain.

当我在花园浇水时,突然下雨了。

While we were having a party, the lights went out.

②过去进行时还可以表示两个过去的动作同时进行,这时可用连接词 while 引导。如:

George was reading while his wife was listening to the radio.

③―was going + 不定式‖表示过去打算。如

He was going to be our team leader. 他原打算当我们的领队。

④ 过去进行时与一般过去的区别

过去进行时表示在过去一段时间正在进行的动作,而一般过去时表示一个完成的动作。如:

I was typing letters last night.

I typed some letters last night.

第十九课时动词的时态(五)

小学英语知识点总结

小学英语知识点汇总 一、小学英语形容词性物主代词 1、形容词性物主代词8个: My your his her its our your their 我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他(她、它)们的 2、形容词性物主代词的特点: 1)译成汉语都有"的" eg:my 我的their 他们的2)后面加名词:eg:my backpack his name 3)前后不用冠词a an the This is a my eraser(错误) That is your a pen(错误) It's his the pen(错误)

3、I(物主代词)my you(物主代词)your he (物主代词)her we (物主代词) our 注:在变物主代词时,把原题所给的词加上的,再译成单词就可以了。 二、小学英语名词性物主代词 1、名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词一样有8个: Mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他(她、它)们的 2、名词性物主代词的特点: 1)译成汉语都有"的" 2)后面不加名词3)名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词

Eg:1、the pen is mine 钢笔是我的(mine=my pen) 以上就是小学英语名词性物主代词全文,希望能给大家带来帮助! 三、小学英语单数的句子变成复数的句子把单数的句子成复数的句子很简单:变法是把能变成复数的词变成复数,但a或an 要把去掉。特殊疑问词、形容词、国家及地点通常不变。 Eg:把下列句子变成复数 1, I have a car ----we have cars 2, He is an American boy. ----They are American boys 3, It is a car ----They are cars

小学三年级英语知识点总结归纳

小学三年级英语:知识点归纳知识归纳是一个不错的学习计划,把知识归纳总结可以帮助自己更方便学习提高效率,减少许多不必要的时间。下面就一起来看看归纳的知识点吧!希望同学们可以学习一下! 一、单词 Unit1学习文具:pen(钢笔)pencil(铅笔)pencil-case(铅笔盒)ruler (尺子)eraser(橡皮)crayon(蜡笔)book(书)bag(书包)sharpener (卷笔刀)school(学校) Unit2身体部位:head(头)face(脸)nose(鼻子)mouth(嘴)eye (眼睛)leg(腿)ear(耳朵)arm(胳膊)finger(手指)leg(腿)foot(脚)body(身体) Unit3颜色:red(红色的)yellow(黄色的)green(绿色的)blue (蓝色的)purple(紫色的)white(白色的)black(黑色的)orange (橙色的)pink(粉色的)brown(棕色的) Unit4动物:cat(猫)dog(狗)monkey(猴子)panda(熊猫)rabbit(兔子)duck(鸭子)pig(猪)bird(鸟)bear(熊)elephant (大象)mouse(老鼠)squirrel(松鼠) Unit5食物:cake(蛋糕)bread(面包)hotdog(热狗)hamburger (汉堡包)chicken(鸡肉)Frenchfries(炸薯条)coke(可乐)juice(果汁)milk(牛奶)water(水)tea(茶)coffee(咖啡)

Unit6数字:one(一)two(二)three(三)four(四)five(五)six(六)seven(七)eight(八)nine(九)ten(十)doll(玩具娃娃)boat(小船)ball(球)kite(风筝)balloon(气球)car (小汽车)plane(飞机) 二。对话、 1、向别人问好应该说——A:Hello!(你好!) B:Hi!(你好!) 2、问别人的名字应该说-——A:What‘syourname?你的名字是什么? B:Myname‘sChenJie.我的名字是陈洁。 3、跟别人分手应该说——A:Bye.\Goodbye!(再见) B:Seeyou.(再见)\Goodbye.(再见) 4、A:Ihaveapencil\bag\ruler我有一只铅笔\书包\尺子。 B:Metoo.我也有。 5、早上相见应该说-——A:Goodmorning.早上好! B:Goodmorning!早上好! 6、下午相见应该说——A:Goodafternoon!下午好! B:Goodafternoon!下午好! 7、跟新朋友第一次见面——A:Nicetomeetyou!见到你很高兴。 B:Nicetomeetyou,too!见到你也很高兴! 8、A:Let‘sgotoschool!让我们一起去上学! B:OK!好的。

小学英语知识点汇总(精华版)

小学英语知识点汇总 目录 第一章词汇分类集中复。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。2第二章常用短语汇总。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。5 第一节动词短语。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。5第二节介词短语。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。6 第三节特殊疑问词。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。7 第四节缩写词。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。7 第五节时间词和短语。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。7 第六节常见介词。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。8 第七节时间介词at、on、in的用法。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。8 第三章日常用语。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。8 第一节小学生口语100句。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。8 第二节英语日常用语。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。9 第三节日常用语分类。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。12 第四章主要问句汇总。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。14第五章常用词性。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。17第一节名词。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。17 第二节冠词。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。22 第三节介词。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。27 第六章常见介词(连接词)的用法。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。32 系动词B e的用法。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。32 第二节Do的作用。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。33 第三节介词for的用法。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。34 第四节With的用法。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。34 第五节Some与any的用法。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。35 第六节How many与how much的区别与用法。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。36 第七节H ave和ha s的用法。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。36第八节Do和does的用法。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。36 第七章重要句型。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。37 第一节一般疑问句。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。37 第二节特殊疑问句。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。38

小学英语基本知识点汇总

. 个性化教学辅导教案 学员姓名:任课教师:所授科目:英语 学员年级:上课时间:年月日时分至时分共课时

3.在一般现在时中,句中有be动词或情态动词时,否定句在be动词和情态动词后加not,一般疑问句将be动词或情态动词放在句首。 4.在一般现在时中,句中没有be动词或情态动词时,主语为第三人称单数的否定句在动词前加does+not (doesn’t),一般疑问句在句首加does,句子中原有动词用原形;主语为非第三人称单数,否定句用do+not (don’t),一般疑问句在句首加do,句子中动词用原形。 动词+s的变化规则 1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks 2 .以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies 一般现在时基本用法介绍 【No. 1】一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我天天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成 1. be动词:主语be(am,is,are) 其它。如: I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词:主语行为动词( 其它)。如: We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 【No. 2】一般现在时的变化 1. be动词的变化。 否定句:主语be not 其它。 如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句:Be 主语其它。

三年级英语上重点知识归纳

三年级上重点知识归纳 Unit 1 1.show me your pencil / ruler/ eras er/ crayon/ pen. 让我看看你的铅笔/尺子/橡皮/蜡笔/钢笔。 2. open your pencil--case. 打开你的铅笔盒。 close your book .合上你 sho w me your sharpener. 让我看看你的卷笔刀。 carry your bag. 背起你的书包。 go to school . 去上学。 Unit 2. 3 Touch your head./ nose/ eye/ mouth/ ear. 摸摸你的头/鼻子/眼睛/嘴巴/耳朵。 4. Clap your hands. 拍拍你的手。Snap your fingers. 打响你的手指。 Wave your arms. 挥挥动你的胳膊。Cross your legs. 翘翘你的双腿。 Shake your body. 扭扭你的身体。Stamp y our foot. 跺跺你的脚。 Unit 3. 5.Show me your red/ blue / green / yellow / purple crayon.给我看看你的红/蓝/绿/黄/紫色蜡笔。 6.Black, black. Stand up. 黑色,黑色,站起来(起立)

Pink , pink. Sit down. 粉红色,粉红色,坐下 Brown, brown. Touch the ground. 棕色,棕色,摸摸地板。 Orange, orange. Touch your he ad. 橙色,橙色,摸摸你的头。 White, white. Turn around. 白色,白色,转个圈。模仿小猫/鸭子/熊猫/猴子/兔子/小狗表演。 8. Hunt like a mouse. 像老鼠一样搜寻。 Walk like a elephan t. 像大象一样走路。 Climb like a bear. 像狗熊一样爬 Fly like a bird. 像小鸟一样飞。 Jump like a squirrel. 像松鼠一样跳。 Unit5. 9 .Show me your hamburger. 让我看看你的汉堡包。 Pass me the French fries. 把炸薯条递给我。 Cut the bread. 切面包。 Eat the hot dog. 吃热狗。 Sm ell the chicken. 闻闻鸡肉。 Make the cake. 做蛋糕。 10. pour the water 倒水。 Smell the coffee 闻闻咖啡。

小学英语语法知识点汇总!

小学英语语法知识点汇总! 01 人称代词 主格:I we you she he it they 宾格:me us you her him it them 形容词性物主代词:my our your her his its their 名词性物主代词:mine ours yours hers his its theirs 02 形容词和副词的比较 (1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er older ,taller, longer, stronger (2) 多音节词前+more more interesting, etc. (3) 双写最后一个字母,再+er bigger fatter, etc. (4) 把y变i,再+er heavier, earlier (5) 不规则变化: well-better, much/many-more, etc. 03 可数词的复数形式 Most nouns + s abook –books

Nouns ending in aconsonant +y - y+ ies a story—stories Nouns ending in s,sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches Nouns ending in o+s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes Nouns ending in for fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves 04 不可数名词(单复数不变) bread, rice, water ,juice等。 05 缩略形式 I’m= I a,you’re = you are,she’s= she is,he’s = he is it’s= it is,who’s =who is,can’t =can not,isn’t=is not等。 06 a/an a book, a peach an egg,an hour 07 Preposition on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at,behind. 表示时间:at six o’clock, at Christmas, at breakfast

小学三年级英语重点句型汇总

小学三年级英语重点句型汇总 ★We have a new friend today. 今天我们来了一位新朋友。 Where are you from? 你来自哪里? I’m from America. 我来自美国。Happy Women’s Day! 妇女节快乐!(3.8) Who’s that woman? She’s my mother. 那位女士是谁?她是我的妈妈。Who’s that man? He’s my father. 那位男士是谁?他是我的爸爸。Who’s this girl? She’s my sister. 那个女孩是谁?她是我的姐妹。Wow, how funny! 哇,真有趣! How many kites can you see? 你能看见多少只风筝? I can see 12. 我能看见12只。 How many crayons do you have? 你有多少只蜡笔? I have 16 crayons! 我有16只蜡笔。Do you like peaches? Yes, I do . 你喜欢桃吗?是的,我喜欢。 Do you like oranges? No, I don’t. 你喜欢橘子吗?不,我不喜欢。 Can I have an apple, please? Certainly! 我能吃只苹果吗?当然! Where is my car? On your desk? No! It’s under the chair. 我的小汽车在哪儿?在你的课桌上?不!它在椅子下面。 Excuse me. Can I use your pencil? No problem. 打扰一下,我能用用你的铅笔吗?没问题。 It has a long nose and a short tail. 它有一只长鼻子和一条短尾巴。 The giraffe is tall. The deer is short. 长颈鹿高高的,鹿是矮小的。 Happy Children’sDay!儿童节快乐!(6.1) ★能听懂会做以下指令。(Let’s do)Say “OK” Touch you knee Look and see make a “D” Drink some tea 说“OK 摸摸膝盖看一看 做一个“D”字形喝茶 come and follow me Draw a tree Have a seat fly a kite read after me 跟我来画棵树坐下来放风筝跟我读 say “goodbye” raise your leg jump kick clap with me close your eye 说再见抬抬腿跳一跳踢一踢拍手闭眼 show me ten listen to me pour the tea Look at me I can say from A to T 秀出十听我说喝茶看我我能从A说到T Show me ABCDE Point to FGHIJ Type JKLMN Colour OPQRS Circle STUVW 把ABCDE秀给我指着FGHIJ 打出JKLMN 给OPQRS涂上颜色圈出STUVW I can say from A to W make yourself tall make your eyes big make your arms long 我能从A说到W 把你自己变高把眼睛变大把胳膊变长 make yourself short make your eyes small make your arms short jump 16 times 把你自己变矮把眼睛变小 把胳膊变短16 次 bounce 20 times Open it and see 拍20次打开它看看 ★句子对对碰。 1. How many books do you have? I have nineteen. 2. Who's that man? He's my teacher. 3. Who’s that woman? She’s my grandmother. 4. Where is my ruler? It's on the desk.

小学生经典英语语法知识点

英语资源/最新信息 小学生经典英语语法知识点 【导语】小学生时候的语法就很重要了哦,所以我们也不能放松,小编今天就给大家分享一下实用英语,有机会的就来看看吧! 【篇一】英语语法优秀知识点 现在进行时 表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作,常与 now,listen,look等词连用,结构是主语+be动词(am, is, are)+动词ing. 如:It is raining now.

外面正在下雨 It is six o’clock now. 现在6点了 My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room. 我父母正在客厅看报纸 Look! The children are having a running race now. 看!孩子们正在赛跑

问句将be动词移前,否定句在be动词后+not. 【篇二】英语语法知识点参考 一般现在时 表示经常反复发生的事情或动作,常与often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year…) on Sundays等词连用。 结构是主语+动词原形;当主语为第三人称单数即 he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等词时,动词后加s或es. 如:We have an English lesson every day. 我们每天都要上英语课

Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do. 男孩比女孩跑的快吗?是的 问句借助于do, does否定句借助于don’t, doesn’t,后面动词一定要还原。 3一般过去时 表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态,常与just now; a moment ago; … ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等词连用。

外研版小学英语知识点归纳

一、词类 1、名词 (1)不可数名词都默认为单数,用“is” (2)可数名词复数变化规则: 2、动词 3、形容词:主要修饰名词或代词,“......的”。 4、副词:主要修饰动词或形容词,“.....地”,变副词一般+ly,如loudly、happily、well(good) 5、代词 (1)人称代词和物主代词:动词前用主格,动词后用宾格。 (2)指示代词:指近处this(这个)-these(这些);指远处that(那个)-those(那些) 6、冠词:a、an、the an:用于元音音素(一般a、e、i、o、u)前。 the:表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。 7、数词 基数词:表示数量,如 one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten. eleven,twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen,eighteen, nineteen.twenty ,thirty ,forty ,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety. a hundred,a thousand,a million,a billion,one hundred and one. 序数词:表示顺序,如first (1st) ,second (2nd) ,third (3rd) ,fourth (4th) ,fifth (5th) ,sixth (6th),seventh (7th) ,eighth (8th),ninth (9th),tenth (10th).... 二、重点考点 1.+动词原形 can、 let’s、do(do、 does、 don’t 、doesn’t、did\didn’t)、please、should、will、to后。 want to +动词原型, would like to + 动原, forget to + 动原, it’s time to + 动原。 2.+动词ing like/go + 动名词(V-ing)如:like eating ; go climbing ; go swimming ; go shopping ;

小学英语基本知识点汇总

个性化教学辅导教案 学员姓名:任课教师:所授科目:英语

一般疑问句:Be 主语其它。 如:-Are you a student -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 非凡疑问句:疑问词一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike 2.行为动词的变化。 否定句:主语don't( doesn't ) 动词原形( 其它)。如: I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如: He doesn't often play. 一般疑问句:Do( Does ) 主语动词原形其它。如: - Do you often play football - Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如: - Does she go to work by bike - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 动词s的变化规则 1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks 2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3.以“辅音字母y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies 用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often ________(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One. 3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup 6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays 7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day 8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _______(like) cooking. 12. They _______(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _______(do) your homework well. 15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed. 16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term. 20. -What day _______(be) it today -It’s Saturday 三、现在进行时 1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing. 3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。 4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 5.现在进行时的非凡疑问的基本结构为: 疑问词不达意be 主语动词ing 但疑问词当主语时其结构为: 疑问词不达意be 动词ing 动词加ing的变化规则

人教版小学三年级英语知识点整理(修订版)

pen (钢笔) pencil (铅笔) pencil-case ( 铅笔盒) ruler(尺子) eraser(橡皮) crayon (蜡笔) book (书) bag (书包) sharpener (卷笔刀) school (学校) head (头) face( 脸) nose (鼻子) mouth (嘴) eye (眼睛)leg (腿) ear (耳朵) arm (胳膊)finger (手指) leg (腿) foot (脚)body (身体) red (红色的) yellow (黄色的)green (绿色的)blue (蓝色的) purple (紫色的) white (白色的) black (黑色的) orange (橙色的) pink (粉色的)brown (棕色的) cat (猫)dog (狗)monkey (猴子)panda (熊猫)rabbit( 兔子) duck (鸭子)pig (猪)bird (鸟) bear (熊)elephant (大象)mouse (老鼠)squirrel (松鼠) cake (蛋糕)bread (面包) hot dog (热狗) hamburger (汉堡包) chicken (鸡肉) French fries (炸薯条)coke (可乐)juice (果汁)milk (牛奶)water (水)tea (茶) coffee (咖啡) one (一) two (二) three (三)four (四) five (五)six( 六)seven (七) eight (八) nine( 九) ten( 十)doll (玩具娃娃) boat (小船)ball (球) kite (风筝)balloon (气球) car (小汽车)plane (飞机) 二.***牢记下面的对话,会让你的英语说得更好!更棒! ***配对:你能给下列问句配上合适的答句? 1、向别人问好应该说――A: Hello! (你好!) B: Hi! (你好!) 2、问别人的名字应该说-――A:What’s your name?你的名字是什么? B:My name’s Chen Jie. 我的名字是陈洁。 3、跟别人分手应该说――A: Bye.\ Good bye! (再见) B: See you.(再见) \ Goodbye.(再见) 4、A: I have a pencil\ bag\ruler 我有一只铅笔\书包\尺子。 B: Me too . 我也有。 5、早上相见应该说-――A: Good morning. 早上好! B: Good morning! 早上好! 6、下午相见应该说――A: Good afternoon! 下午好! B: Good afternoon! 下午好! 7、跟新朋友第一次见面――A: Nice to meet you! 见到你很高兴。 B: Nice to meet you,too! 见到你也很高兴! 8、A: Let’s go to school! 让我们一起去上学! B: OK! 好的。 9、看见久未见面的朋友或者别人身体不舒服,你该这么打招呼-A: How are you? 你好吗? B: Fine,thank you我很好,谢谢你。 10、A: Let’s paint. 让我们画画。 B: Great! 棒极了! 11、A: Look I have a rabbit\monkey. 看,我有一只兔子\猴子。 B: Cool\Super \ Great \ Wow! 酷\超级好\棒极了\好厉害. 12、你想看下别人的东西,你该这么说――A: May I have a look? 我可以看一看吗? B: Sure. Here you are! 当然可以。给你! 13、请别人吃东西,你该这么说――A: Have some French fries. 吃一些炸薯条。 B: Thank you.\ No, thanks. 谢谢你。\不,谢谢你。

小学生重要的英语知识点总结

小学生重要的英语知识点总结 小学生重要的英语知识点总结 1.比较级时注意只有同类事物才可进行比较。如:Myeyesarebiggerthanhers. Yourschoolbagisheavierthanmine.MycomputerisnicerthanNanc y’s.Mybrotherisstrongerthanme. 2.have,has表示某人有(has用于第三人称单 数);Thereis/are;Therewas/were表示某地存在有,注意Therebe 句型的就近原则,单数或不可数用thereis/was;复数用 thereare/were. 3.眼镜glasses;耳机earphones;鞋shoes;裤子trousers等词 本身是复数。如:Myglasseswereonthechairjustnow.但如果表示这双,这副,一双的时候用单数如:Thereisapairofchopsticksontheplate.Thispairofearphonesisfor you. 4.五个元音字母分别是Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu; 5.a用于辅音前不是辅音字母前;an用于元音前不是元音字母前。如: Thereisan’s’,a‘t’,a‘u’,a‘d’,an‘e’,an‘n’,anda‘t ’intheword‘student’. 6.时间表示法有两种(!)直接读时钟和分钟。如6:10读成 sixten;7:30读成seventhirty;8:45读成eightforty-five;(2)用 to与past表示。在半小时包括半小时以内用几分past几点如:6:10读成tenpastsix;7:30读成halfpastseven;过了半小时用下一个 钟点差几分,如7:45读成aquartertoeight;9:50读成tentoten;

(完整版)小学英语知识点大全最全

小学1-6年级英语知识点大全(最全整理)! 1.现在进行时 表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作,常与now,listen,look等词连用,结构是主语+be动词(am, is, are)+动词ing. 如:It is raining now. 外面正在下雨 It is six o’clock now. 现在6点了 My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room. 我父母正在客厅看报纸 Look! The children are having a running race now. 看!孩子们正在赛跑 问句将be动词移前,否定句在be动词后+not. 2.一般现在时 表示经常反复发生的事情或动作,常与often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year…) on Sundays等词连用。 结构是主语+动词原形;当主语为第三人称单数即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等词时,动词后加s或es. 如:We have an English lesson every day. 我们每天都要上英语课 Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do. 男孩比女孩跑的快吗?是的 问句借助于do, does否定句借助于don’t, doesn’t,后面动词一定要还原。 3.一般过去时 表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态,常与just now; a moment ago; … ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等词连用。 结构是主语+be动词的过去式(was; were)或主语+动词的过去式。 注意:be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。 如:My earphones were on the ground just now. 我的耳机刚刚还在呢。 Where were you last week? I was at a camp. 你上个星期去哪了?我去野营了 What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm 你昨天去干嘛了?我去参观农场了。 问句有be动词将be动词移前,没有be动词借助于did,后面动词还原; 否定句有be动词在后面加not,没有借助于didn't后面动词还原。 4.一般将来时

三年级英语知识点汇总

三年级英语知识点汇总(一)人称代词和物主代词 一、人称代词

二、物主代词 形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词, 而名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如: -Is this your book? -No,it isn’t,it’s hers(her book). (Jim’s,Tom’s,Maria’s ) 【练习】 一、选出括号中正确的词,在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is(my / I)mother. 2. Nice to meet(your / you). 3.(He / His)name is Mark. 4. What’s(she / her)name? 5. Excuse(me / my / I). 6. Are(your / you)Miss Li? 7.(I/ My)am Ben. 8.(She / Her)is my sister. 9. Fine , thank(your / you). 10. How old is(he / his)? 二、用所给代词的正确形式填空。 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister.

4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent)are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom __________ ( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. 三、单项选择。 ( )1. My family ____ a big family. My family ____all here. A. is, is B. are, are C. is, are D. are, is ( )2. This is __________. A. a picture of family B. a picture of my family C. a family’s picture D. a family of my picture ( )3. Let’s __________ good friends. A. be B. are C. is D. am ( )4. Is she your aunt? Yes, __________. A. she’s B. her is C. she is D. he is ( )5. Are __________ coats yours?Yes, they are . A. they B. these C. this D. there ( )6. Is that __________ uncle? No, it isn’t A. he B. she C. her D. hers ( )7. Mrs. Green is __________ grandmother.

小学英语知识点总结

小学英语知识点总结 一、小学英语形容词性物主代词 1、形容词性物主代词8个: My your his her its our your their 我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他(她、它)们的 2、形容词性物主代词的特点: 1)译成汉语都有"的" eg:my 我的their 他们的2)后面加名词:eg:my backpack his name 3)前后不用冠词a an the This is a my eraser(错误) That is your a pen(错误) It's his the pen(错误) 3、I(物主代词)my you(物主代词)your he (物主代词)her we (物主代词) our 注:在变物主代词时,把原题所给的词加上的,再译成单词就可以了。 二、小学英语名词性物主代词 1、名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词一样有8个: Mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他(她、它)们的 2、名词性物主代词的特点: 1)译成汉语都有"的" 2)后面不加名词3)名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 Eg:1、the pen is mine 钢笔是我的(mine=my pen) 以上就是小学英语名词性物主代词全文,希望能给大家带来帮助! 三、小学英语单数的句子变成复数的句子 把单数的句子成复数的句子很简单:变法是把能变成复数的词变成复数,但a或an要把去掉。特殊疑问词、形容词、国家及地点通常不变。 Eg:把下列句子变成复数 1, I have a car ----we have cars 2, He is an American boy. ----They are American boys 3, It is a car ----They are cars 4, This is an eraser ----These are erasers 5, That is a backpsck -----Those are backpacks 6,I'm an English teather ------We are English teathers 7,It's a new shirt---- They are new shirts 8,He's a boy ----They are boys 9,She's a singer ------They are singers 10,What's this in English?---- What are these in English? 四、小学英语名词的数语法 名词有单数和复数两种形式 1、名词的单数:表示一个人或一个事物 2、名词的复数:表示一个人以上的人或事物 名词复数的变化规律如下: 1、多数情况下在名词后面加S,s 在清辅音后读【S】 2、以s,x,sh,ch为结尾的词在词尾加es, es读作【iz】 3、以f ,fe为结尾的词去掉f或fe加ves,ves读作【vz】 4、以辅音加y 结尾的词,变y 为ies 5、以元音加y结尾的词,直接加s 6、不规则变化 Man-men woman-women policeman-policemen Policewoman-policewomen 这种情况下a变成e 1、单复数同形 Chinese-chinese Japanese-japanese sheep -sheep deer -deer 2、This 这个these这些(复数) that那个those那些(复数) I我we我们(复数) he他she她it它they他、它、她们(复数) am ,is是are(复数) 五、小学英语人称代词主格及宾格 人称代词分为主格和宾格,主格和宾格区别:主格和宾格汉语意思相同,但位置不同。 Eg: I(主格)"我"-- me (宾格)"我" 主格在陈述句中通常放句首,宾格通常放在动词后或介词后,也就是说宾格,不放在句首。 Eg :I have a new car.( I 主格) Excuse me (me 宾格) I ask him to go (him 宾格) They sit in front of me (me 宾格) 主格(8个):I 我you你he他she她it它we 我们you 你们they他(她、它)们 宾格(8个):me我you你him 他her她it它us我们you你们them他(她、它)们

相关主题