全国卷高考英语一轮复习Unit4Pygmalion课时作业新人教版选修820180907167

Unit 4 Pygmalion

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Do Peru's potatoes have the right stuff? That's the question scientists will be asking in Lima next month, when a selection of potatoes will begin undergoing tests to determine whether they are fit to grow on Mars.

NASA, the US space agency, is conducting the pioneering experiment together with Lima's International Potato Center.

They will cultivate a hundred selected varieties in Mars-like conditions that could eventually pave the way for building a dome on the Red Planet for farming the vegetable. Of the selected candidates,40 are native to the Andes Mountains, conditioned to grow in different ecological zones, can stand sudden climate changes and reproduce in rocky areas. The other 60 are improved varieties, able to survive with little water and salt. They are also immune to viruses.Those that pass the tests must meet a final criterion—they must be able not only to grow well on Mars but also reproduce in large quantities. “We're almost 100 percent certain that many of the selected potatoes will pass the tests，” said Julio Valdivia Silva, a Peruvian NASA astrobiologist (太空生物学家)who is taking par t in the ambitious project. The scientists plan to transport 100 kilos of soil to a lab in Lima that will simulate the complex Martian atmosphere—which contains mostly carbon dioxide—and expose it to extreme ultraviolet(紫外线的) radiation. If the varieties selected for next month's experiment don't adapt to the desert soil, the researchers will introduce nutrients, which will be provided by radiation.

In future years, NASA plans to build a Mars research center in the Peruvian desert. It would create a perfect copy of the Martian landscape and atmosphere for future research into space farming that could serve manned missions to Mars and other planets in the solar system.

[语篇解读] 本文为一篇新闻报道。美国国家航空航天局(NASA)将与国际马铃薯研究中心联手，进行一项开创性实验。

1．What is the best title of the passage?

A．Transport potatoes to Peru

B．Determine the varieties of potatoes in Peru

C．NASA is to build a Mars research center in Peru

D．NASA is to simulate growing potatoes on Mars in Peru

解析：标题归纳题。通读文章可知美国国家航空航天局(NASA)计划与国际马铃薯研究中心联手，进行一项开创性实验，即在秘鲁培育可在火星上种植的土豆。故答案为D项。

答案：D

2．According to the third paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Forty kinds of potatoes can survive with little water and salt.

B．Many types of potatoes to be planted on Mars are developed in Peru.

C．Sixty varieties native to the Andes Mountains can stand sudden climate changes.

D．The final criterion is that all the candidates are immune to viruses on the earth.

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“They will cultivate a hundred selected varieties in Mars-like conditions that could eventually pave the way for building a dome on the Red Planet for farming the vegetable.”可知B项正确。根据第三段中的“The other 60 are improved varieties，able to sur vive with little water and salt.”可排除A项；根据第三段中的“Of the selected candidates,40 are native to the Andes Mountains，conditioned to grow in different ecological zones，can stand sudden climate changes and reproduce in rocky areas.”可排除C项；根据第三段中的“Those that pass the tests must meet a final criterion—they must be able not only to grow well on Mars but also reproduce in large quantities.”可排除D项。

答案：B

3．What if the selected varieties don't adapt to the desert soil in Peru?

A．Astrobiologists will be sent there to help.

B．Nutrients will be provided to plants by radiation.

C．A Mars research center will be built for further study.

D．100 more kilos of potatoes will be directly sent to Lima.

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“If the varieties selected for next month's experiment don't adapt to the desert soil，the researchers will introduce nutrients，which will be provided by radiation.”可知答案为B项。

答案：B

4．The passage may be in the column of China Daily.

A．science B．sports

C．tourism D．entertainment

解析：推理判断题。本文介绍的是美国国家航空航天局(NASA)将与国际马铃薯研究中心联手，进行一项开创性实验，属于科普类文章，故答案为A项。

答案：A

B

Some people call it a traveling museum. Others refer to it as a living or open-air museum. Built in Brazil to honor Columbus' first voyage to the New World, the Nina, a Columbus-era replica (复制品) ship, provides visitors with an accurate visual of the size and sailing equipment of Columbus' favorite ship from over 500 years ago.

I joined the crew of the Nina in Gulf Shores, Alabama, in February 2013. As part of a research project sponsored by my university, my goal was to document my days aboard the ship in a blog. I quickly realized that I gained the most valuable insights when I observed or gave tours to school-age children.The field-trip tour of the Nina is hands-on learning at its best.In this setting, stu dents could touch the line, pass around a ballast stone (压舱石), and move the extremely large tiller that controlled the direction of the ships in Columbus' days. They soon came to understand the labor involved in sailing the ship back in his time.I was pleased to see the students become active participants in their learning process.

The Nina is not the only traveling museum that provides such field trips. A visit to Jamestown Settlement, for example，allows visitors to board three recreations of the ships that brought the first settlers from England to Virginia in the early 1600s.Historical guides, dressed in period costumes, give tours of the Susan Constant, Godspeed, and Discovery. These guides often portray a character that would have lived and worked during that time period. Students touring these ships are encouraged to interact with the guides in order to be tter understand the daily life in the past.

My experience on the Nina helps testify (证实) my long-held belief that student s stay interested, ask better questions, and engage(参与)in higher-order thinking tasks when they are actively engaged in the learning process.The students who boarded the Nina came as passive learners. They left as bold explorers.

[语篇解读] 本文介绍了哥伦布航海时的航船的复制品Nina，它是一个开放的博物馆。学生参观这一特殊的博物馆可以积极主动参与学习。

5．What occupation is the author engaged in?

A．Shipping.

B．Education.

C．Ecological tourism.

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