中国红木家具明清古典家具术语中英文对照

中国红木家具明清古典家具术语中英文对照（上）。

矮老: Pillar-shaped strut.

矮面盆架: Washbasin stand.

矮桌展腿式: Low table with extended legs. Low waisted table which is transformed into a high table by adding round extensions to the square legs.

案: Recessed-leg table.

暗抽屉: Hidden drawers, opened by raising from underneath rather than with a pull.

凹面: Concave moulding

Chinese antique furniture glossary - B

拔步床: Alcove [5AlkEJv] bedstead.

百宝嵌: One-hundred- precious-material inlay.

半槽地: Half-and-half relief. The most common type of relief carving with relief and ground occupying about the same amount of space.

半桌: Half table, slightly larger than half an eight Immortals [9ImR:`tel] table.

抱鼓: Embracing drums. The drum-shaped elements at the top of a shoe-foot used to hold the spandrels of screens, clothes racks and lampstands in position.

抱肩榫: Embracing-shoulder tenon. A mitred joint used in waisted furniture of the corner-leg construc-tion to attach the leg and apron. A concealed triangular-shaped tenon in the apron fits into a mortise in the leg. Simultaneously a concealed long and vertical dovetailed tenon slides into a mortise in the apron.

宝塔纹: Pagoda pattern. Term used in Suzhou to describe the natural grain of beech.

包镶: Complete veneer, a hardwood veneer covering the entire piece of furniture.

宝座: Throne, for emperor or god.

宝座式镜台: Throne-type mirror platform.

霸王枨: Giant's arm brace, extending from the leg to the underside of the table top at a 45°angle.

八仙桌: Eight Immortals table. Square table suitable for seating eight people.

边簧: Tongue, on four sides of the floating panel of a table top.

边框: Frame.

边抹: Square or rectangular frame, consisting of two sides with tenons and two sides with mortises (.榫眼matou).

鳔胶: Fish glue, the best cabinetmaker's glue made from the air bladder of the yellow croaker fish.

冰盘沿: Ice-plate edge. General term for allinward-sloping mouldings.

波纹: Wave lattice. Term found in Yuan ye (The Art of the Garden) and also used for furniture.

步步高赶枨: Stepped chair stretchers. Chair stretchers which are arranged with the front one lowest, the side ones higher, and the back one highest, so that the joints do not overlap.

Chinese antique furniture glossary - C

踩: Lowering the surface of the wood. General term popular among craftsmen.

草龙: Curling limbed dragon. Stylized dragon pattern in which the legs and tail turn into curls, derived from the curling tendril design.

侧脚: Splayed legs. Term borrowed from ancient architecture (where it describes the splay of pillars at the base) to describe the slight splay of furniture legs at their base.

茶几: Tea table. High table derived from the Ming incense table and popular in Qing times.

插肩榫: Inserted shoulder joint. One of the essential joints of the recessed-leg construction. The upper part of the leg is split to form two tenoned pieces; the front one is made shoulder-like so that it can be inserted into cavities in the apron. When the joint is in place the surfaces of leg and apron are flush.

铲地浮雕: Relief carving on smoothed ground.

长凳: Long bench, general term.

长方凳: Rectangular stool.

缠枝莲纹: Scrolling lotus design.

朝衣柜: Court costume cabinet. Compound wardrobe in four parts with side panels. A kind of sijiangui with panels between the doors and outer frames which make the wardrobe wide enough for court costumes to be placed inside without being folded.

插屏式座屏风: Removable-panel screen set in a stand, the panel having tongues which can be slid in and out of grooves in the vertical pillars.

枨子: Stretcher. Member used mainly to connect two legs.

螭虎闹灵芝: Hornless dragons inter-twined with Iingzhi fungus.

螭纹: Stylized hornless dragon design.

抽屉架: Drawer frame, put inside a cabinet or shelf to hold the drawers.

抽屉脸: Front of a drawer.

抽屉桌: Narrow table with drawers.

橱: Cabinet, southern term for gui, which is more current in the north.

穿带: Penetrating transverse brace, which fits into a groove in the floating panel.

床: Bed, which in China is used for daytime sitting as well as sleeping. General term for both large and small beds.

床围子: Railing on Luohan and canopy bed.

床衣镜: Full-length mirror, a type derived from a screen set into a base which became popular during he Qing dynasty.

春凳: Large bench. In south China the term refers to a bench for two or more people. Northerners use this term only for a bench for more than two people.

攒: To join.

攒斗: Latticework. Literally joining the straight and assembling the curved, two methods of making lattice. General term which is a contraction of cuanjie and doucu.

攒牙子: Apron or apron and spandrel made by joining the straight.

攒边打槽装板: Assembling a mortised-and-tenoned frame with floating panel. This is done by first making a groove all around the inner edge of the frame and then inserting the tongue of the panel.

攒边装板围子: Railing of a Luohan bed consisting of frames with inset panels.

攒接: Joining the straight. Term used for the method of making a lattice from short straight pieces of wood, placed vertically, horizontally, and sometimes diagonally, and mortised and tenoned together. The resulting lattice may have square or rounded corners.

攒接围子: Bed railing made by joining the straight.

Chinese antique furniture glossary - D

搭板书案: Board and stand desk, consisting of a top resting on two separate stands with drawers which originally were not intended to be used apart from the table.

大边: Tenon-bearing frame member. If the frame is rectangular the term refers to the two long pieces with tenons; if square, it indicates the two tenon-bearing members; if round, each piece is called a dabian.

大方扛箱: Large square box carried on a pole. Term used in Lu Ban jing (Lu Ban's Classic) for a large picnic box.

带: Transverse brace, which always connects the tenon-bearing frame members. General term which includes the penetrating transverse brace and the curved transverse brace.

带口: Dovetailed groove for the penetrating trans-verse brace on the back of a floating panel.

大理石: Marble, and in particular Dali marble, from Mount Diancang点苍in the Dali District of Yunnan Province.

搭脑: Top rail. Highest rail on the back of a chair. The term also refers to the highest horizontal member of any frame, such as a clothes rack or towel rack.

挡板: Inset panel on a recessed-leg table with side panels. It usually has openwork carving finished on both sides and sits on a side floor stretcher or base stretchers.

倒棱: Rounding the edges. Procedure done to soften the sharp edges of a member.

打洼: Concave moulding; also called aomian or wamian.

大叶榆: Large leaf elm, a kind of ju wood; also called juyu.

凳: Stool. Also wudeng.

灯草线: Beading, a rounded moulding.

Dengcao 灯草: are rushes used as lampwicks.

灯挂椅: Lamp-hanger chair. Side chair wkh a high narrow bacic resembling the bamboo lamp hangers commonly used in south China.

雕刻: Carving.

吊牌: Metal pull.

吊头: Protruding end. The part of the top of recessed-leg table which extends beyond the leg towards the sides.

地枨: Lowest stretcher on a cabinet.

顶箱: Upper part of a compound wardrobe in four parts.

顶箱立柜: Compound wardrobe in four parts, consisting of two lower cabinets and two upper cabinets; also called sijiangui.

地平: Platform. Large low wooden platform, usually square, placed in a room to hold furniture. When used for an alcove bed it is slightly larger than the bed. V ery large ones are for a screen and throne.

斗拱式: Bracket model, a type of spandrel inspired by architectural members.

断纹: Crack patterns, the fortuitous designs formed of small cracks on the surface of aged lacquer.

独板面: Solid board top, found most often on narrow rectangular tables with recessed legs, trestle tables, and benches whose top is not made with a frame.

独板围子: Solid board railing.

都承盘或都丞盘或都盛盘或都珍盘: Desk tray or desk treasure tray, for holding the treasures (the paraphernalia used in calligraphy and painting) on a scholar's desk.

墩子: Shoe-foot. Horizontal, usually bridge-shaped, piece of wood supporting a vertical member of a screen, clothes rack or lampstand. It tends to be large and includes the embracing drum.

垛边: Frame-thickening inserts. Separate pieces of wood added, mainly for aesthetic reasons, beneath the four sides of a frame of a table top in order to increase its height. They are commonly found on tables and stools, often on the type with leg-encircling stretcher, or with three spandrels to one leg, and a humpbacked stretcher. The inserts are less deep than the frame members and thus give the illusion of a thick frame without having its weight.

朵云双螭纹: Cloud surrounded by confronting dragons motif.

Chinese antique furniture glossary - E

鹅脖: Gooseneck front posts. Curved posts of an armchair which are often made from the same piece of wood as the front legs.

二人凳: Two-seater bench.

Chinese antique furniture glossary - F

方凳: Square stool.

方桌: Square table. Term refers to tables of various sizes.

风车式: Windmill lattice. Patterned on the shape of the windmill motif used in Chinese paper toys.

分心花: Dividing-the-heart motif, the cusp in the middle of an apron.

浮雕: Relief carving.

浮雕透雕结合: Relief and openwork carving. Term used when both types of decoration occur in a single piece.

扶手: Arms of a chair.

扶手椅: Armchair.

Chinese antique furniture glossary - G

盖面: Convex surface or moulding. Term used in Yingzao fashi (Building Standards) and by cabinetmakers today; also called hunmian and tumian.

赶枨: Changing the level of stretchers, in order to spread out the mortises. The term usually refers to the lower stretchers of chairs.

甘蔗床: Sugar-cane squeezer.

高拱罗锅枨: High humpbacked stretcher. Stretcher which often appears on the type of table with three spandrels to one leg and on rectangular tables with recessed legs.

高面盆架: Washbasin stand with towel rack. The two back legs are extended to form the towel

rack.

高束腰: High waist. On some examples the influence of a Buddhist pedestal is still discernible.

高桌: High table.

格肩: Mitre; single or double.

格肩榫: Double-mitred tenon.

供案: Recessed-leg altar table.

供桌: Corner-leg altar table.

勾挂垫榫: Hook-and-plug tenon joint, used to attach a giant's arm brace to the leg. The slightly hooked tenon is secured in the mortise by a small block of wood placed beneath it.

管脚枨: Base stretcher, a bar placed just above the feet of a piece of furniture to hold the legs in position.

官帽椅: Official's hat armchair. Term includes the official's hat armchair with four protruding ends and the southern official's hat armchair. See also nanguanmaoyi.

官皮箱: Dressing case, usually having a base with drawers, which are often behind doors, and a top consisting of a lidded tray.

挂销: Hanger tenon. Dovetail-shaped tenon on the top of a leg on which to hang the apron, usually as long as the apron.

挂牙: Hanging spandrel. Spandrel whose length is greater than its width, and which narrows towards its lower edge.

挂檐: Canopy lattice, around the top of a canopy bed.

鼓钉: Bosses, the nail motifs on a drum stool.

鼓墩: Drum stool; also called zuodun.

柜: Cabinet, northern term for chu, which is more current in the south.

柜帮: Side of a cabinet. Craftsmen's term.

柜帽: Cabinet's cap, the top of a round-corner cabinet which protrudes beyond the side posts to allow for the wood hinged construction and which usually has rounded edges.

鬼面: Devil's face. Term used in Gegu yaolun (The Essential Criteria of Antiquities) to describe a particular formation in the grain of huanghuali wood.

柜塞: One-drawer coffer, literally the plug between two cabinets, because the coffer is often placed between a pair of cabinets or compound wardrobes in four parts.

柜膛: Ridden compartment, occupying the space below the door and above the bottom board of a cabinet.

滚凳: Roller stool. Stool with movable rollers, used to exercise the feet.

裹腿枨: Leg-encircling stretcher. Stretcher continuing around the entire circumference of a piece, passing over the outside edges of the legs.

裹腿做: Leg-encircling.

鼓腿: Bulging leg.

鼓腿彭牙Convex apron and bulging leg ending in a horse-hoof foot. Term used by Beijing cabinetmakers and in the Qing Regulations.

Chinese antique furniture glossary - H

海南檀: Daltergia hainanensis, the scientific name previously given to huanghuali wood.

海棠式: Begonia-shaped.

耗子尾: Upward-tapering member, such as the side posts of an armchair.

横枨: Side stretcher, on rectangular tables.

横拐子: Short horizontal members on the base of a washbasin stand.

合页: Metal hinge.

荷叶托: Lotus-leaf support, often occurring on mirror stands.

画案: Recessed-leg painting table. Large, wide rectangular table without drawers.

花梨: Huali wood, Ormosia henryi. One of the main hardwoods used for furniture after the mid Qing dynasty.

花榈: Huali wood. Pre-Ming way of writing the term which at that time referred mainly to

huanghuali wood.

黄花梨: Huanghuali wood, Dalbergia odorifera, the principal hardwood used for furniture from mid Ming until the first part of the Qing dynasty.

黄杨: Boxwood, Buxus microphylia, a dense yellowish wood.

画桌: Corner-leg painting table, a large, wide rectangular table without drawers.

胡床: Barbarian seat. Earliest name for a cross-legged stool. It was imported from the west in the Eastern Han and is the ancestor of the folding stool and the folding armchair.

回纹: Angular spirals, based on a motif resembling the archaic form of the character hui , repeated continuously.

混面: Convex surface or moulding. Term used in Yingzao fashi (Building Standards) and by cabinetmakers today. Also called gaimian and tumian.

活销: Loose tenon.

护眼线: Hole-protecting coin, a round coin-shaped metal disc used between the metal pivot and the surface of a piece of furniture as a protective device device against abrasion.

Chinese antique furniture glossary - J

几: Narrow waistless table, each side of which usually consists of a board meeting the top at right angles.

嫁底: Trousseau coffer, a common name for a coffer since a bride's trousseau was placed in it, tied with red strings, and carried to her new home.

架格: Shelf; also屉板.

架几案: Trestle table. Long table supported by two separate stands.

架几书案: Wide trestle writing table on stands with drawers.

降香黄檀: Huanghuali wood, Dalbergia odorifera, new name given by Cheng Junqing.

降真香: Truth-bringing incense. A type of incense with which huanghuali wood is often compared in old texts.

剑脊棱: Sword-ridge moulding. Moulding which slopes downwards from a central ridge. Lu Ban jing (Lu Ban's Classic) calls it jianjixian.

践金: Gold designs hammered into iron.

践银: Silver designs hammered into iron.

脚床: Footstool. Song dynasty name for the footstool in front of chairs and beds. Also jiaota and tachuang.

交圈: Continuous flow. The continuous connec-tion (upwards, downwards, sideways) of mouldings or the surfaces of different members in order to give the piece of furniture a unified appearance. This term is also used by architects and other craftsmen, especially for four-sided and curved forms.

脚踏: Footstool. Also jiaochuang and tachuang.

交杌: Folding stool; most commonly mazha.

角牙: Spandrel.

交椅: Folding chair.

假三上: Pseudo thrice attached. See zhenliangshang.

架子床: Canopy bed. : ichi wood. Hardwood with purplish-brown patterns, belonging to the Ormosia family.

jichimu: Chicken-wing wood, another name for jichi wood

接桌: Extension table. When one Eight Immortals table is not enough, a table slightly larger than half its size, similar to a half table, is added to extend it.

锦地浮雕: Relief carving on diaper ground.

镜架: Mirror stand.

镜台: Mirror platform.

镜箱: Mirror box.

井字棂格: Well lattice. Lattice of a design centred around the character jing井(well), and its variations.

金属饰件: Metalwork ornaments.

几腿架格: Shelf supported by two separate stands.

臼窝: Door pivot mortise.

酒桌: Wine table. Small rectangular table used for wine and food.

吉祥草: Lucky grass. Leaves forming a round motif which is often found on a decorative strut.

卷草纹: Curling tendril design.

椐木: Ju wood, ancient simplifled form of ju Zelkova schneideriana, one of the semi-hard furniture woods imported in the Ming dynasty; known as southern elm in north China.

榉榆: Large leaf elm, a kind ofju wood; also called dayeyu

-- 作者：天外飞仙

-- 发布时间：2008-11-19 9:22:51

-- 古典家具中文术语和英文解释

矮老: Pillar-shaped strut.

矮面盆架: Washbasin stand.

矮桌展腿式: Low table with extended legs. Low waisted table

which is transformed into a high table by adding round extensions

to the square legs.

案: Recessed-leg table.

暗抽屉: Hidden drawers, opened by raising from underneath

rather than with a pull.

凹面: Concave moulding

拔步床: Alcove [5AlkEJv] bedstead.

百宝嵌: One-hundred- precious-material inlay.

半槽地: Half-and-half relief. The most common type of relief carving with relief and ground occupying about the same amount of space.

半桌: Half table, slightly larger than half an eight Immortals [9ImR:`tel] table. 抱鼓: Embracing drums. The drum-shaped elements at the top of a shoe-foot u sed to hold the spandrels of screens,

clothes racks and lampstands in position.

抱肩榫: Embracing-shoulder tenon. A mitred joint used in waisted furniture of t he corner-leg construc-tion to attach the leg and apron. A concealed

triangular-shaped tenon in the apron fits into a

mortise in the leg. Simultaneously a

concealed long and vertical dovetailed tenon slides into a mortise in the apron. 宝塔纹: Pagoda pattern. Term used in Suzhou to describe the natural grain of b eech.

包镶: Complete veneer, a hardwood veneer covering the entire piece of furnitur e.

宝座: Throne, for emperor or god.

宝座式镜台: Throne-type mirror platform.

霸王枨: Giant\'s arm brace, extending from the leg to the underside of the tabl e top at a 45°angle.

八仙桌: Eight Immortals table. Square table suitable for seating eight people.

边簧: Tongue, on four sides of the floating panel of a table top.

边框: Frame.

边抹: Square or rectangular frame, consisting of two sides with tenons and two sides with mortises (.榫眼matou).

鳔胶: Fish glue, the best cabinetmaker\'s glue made from the air bladder of th e yellow croaker fish. 冰盘沿: Ice-plate edge. General term for allinward-sloping mouldings.

波纹: Wave lattice. Term found in Yuan ye (The Art of the Garden) and also us ed for furniture.

步步高赶枨: Stepped chair stretchers. Chair stretchers which are arranged with the front one lowest, the side ones higher, and the back one highest, so that the joints do not overlap.

踩: Lowering the surface of the wood. General term popular among craftsmen. 草龙: Curling limbed dragon. Stylized dragon pattern in which the legs and tail turn into curls, derived from the curling tendril design.

侧脚: Splayed legs. Term borrowed from ancient architecture (where it describe s the splay of pillars at the base) to describe the slight splay of furniture legs at their base.

茶几: Tea table. High table derived from the Ming incense table and popular in Qing times.

插肩榫: Inserted shoulder joint. One of the essential joints of the recessed-leg construction. The upper part of the leg is split to form two tenoned pieces; th e front one is made shoulder-like so that it can be inserted into cavities in th e apron. When the joint is in place the surfaces of leg and apron are flush.

铲地浮雕: Relief carving on smoothed ground.

长凳: Long bench, general term.

长方凳: Rectangular stool.

缠枝莲纹: Scrolling lotus design.

朝衣柜: Court costume cabinet. Compound wardrobe in four parts with side pan els. A kind of sijiangui with panels between the doors and outer frames which make the wardrobe wide enough for court costumes to be placed inside with out being folded.

插屏式座屏风: Removable-panel screen set in a stand, the panel having tongues which can be slid in and out of grooves in the vertical pillars.

枨子: Stretcher. Member used mainly to connect two legs.

螭虎闹灵芝: Hornless dragons inter-twined with Iingzhi fungus.

螭纹: Stylized hornless dragon design.

抽屉架: Drawer frame, put inside a cabinet or shelf to hold the drawers.

抽屉脸: Front of a drawer.

抽屉桌: Narrow table with drawers.

橱: Cabinet, southern term for gui, which is more current in the north.

穿带: Penetrating transverse brace, which fits into a groove in the floating pan el.

床: Bed, which in China is used for daytime sitting as well as sleeping. General term for both large and small beds.

床围子: Railing on Luohan and canopy bed.

床衣镜: Full-length mirror, a type derived from a screen set into a base which b ecame popular during he Qing dynasty.

春凳: Large bench. In south China the term refers to a bench for two or more people. Northerners use this term only for a bench for more than two people. 攒: To join.

攒斗: Latticework. Literally joining the straight and assembling the curved, two methods of making lattice. General term which is a contraction of cuanjie an d doucu.

攒牙子: Apron or apron and spandrel made by joining the straight.

攒边打槽装板: Assembling a mortised-and-tenoned frame with floating panel. This is done by first making a groove all around the inner edge of the frame and then inserting the tongue of the panel.

攒边装板围子: Railing of a Luohan bed consisting of frames with inset panels.

攒接: Joining the straight. Term used for the method of making a lattice from s hort straight pieces of wood, placed vertically, horizontally, and sometimes dia gonally, and mortised and tenoned together. The resulting lattice may have sq uare or rounded corners.

攒接围子: Bed railing made by joining the straight.

搭板书案: Board and stand desk, consisting of a top resting on two separate sta nds with drawers which originally were not intended to be used apart from th e table.

大边: Tenon-bearing frame member. If the frame is rectangular the term refers to the two long pieces with tenons; if square, it indicates the two tenon-bear ing members; if round, each piece is called a dabian.

大方扛箱: Large square box carried on a pole. Term used in Lu Ban jing (Lu Ban \'s Classic) for a large picnic box.

带: Transverse brace, which always connects the tenon-bearing frame member s. General term which includes the penetrating transverse brace and the curve d transverse brace.

带口: Dovetailed groove for the penetrating trans-verse brace on the back of a floating panel.

大理石: Marble, and in particular Dali marble, from Mount Diancang点苍in the D ali District of Yunnan Province.

搭脑: Top rail. Highest rail on the back of a chair. The term also refers to the highest horizontal member of any frame, such as a clothes rack or towel rack. 挡板: Inset panel on a recessed-leg table with side panels. It usually has open work carving finished on both sides and sits on a side floor stretcher or base stretchers.

倒棱: Rounding the edges. Procedure done to soften the sharp edges of a mem ber.

打洼: Concave moulding; also called aomian or wamian.

大叶榆: Large leaf elm, a kind of ju wood; also called juyu.

凳: Stool. Also wudeng.

灯草线: Beading, a rounded moulding.

Dengcao 灯草: are rushes used as lampwicks.

灯挂椅: Lamp-hanger chair. Side chair wkh a high narrow bacic resembling the bamboo lamp hangers commonly used in south China.

雕刻: Carving.

吊牌: Metal pull.

吊头: Protruding end. The part of the top of recessed-leg table which extends b eyond the leg towards the sides.

地枨: Lowest stretcher on a cabinet.

顶箱: Upper part of a compound wardrobe in four parts.

顶箱立柜: Compound wardrobe in four parts, consisting of two lower cabinets a nd two upper cabinets; also called sijiangui.

地平: Platform. Large low wooden platform, usually square, placed in a room t o hold furniture. When used for an alcove bed it is slightly larger than the be d. Very large ones are for a screen and throne.

斗: Assembly of more than two members.

斗柏楠: Burl of nan wood; also toubainan, the term used in Gegu yaolun (The E ssential Criteria of Antiquities).

斗簇: Assembling the curved, a term for the method of making a lattice unit fr om large or small curved pieces of wood joined together by loose tenons.

斗簇围子: Luohan bed railing lattice made by assembling the curved; or Luohan bed railing lattice made by assembling the curved together with joining the st raight.

斗拱式: Bracket model, a type of spandrel inspired by architectural members.

断纹: Crack patterns, the fortuitous designs formed of small cracks on the surf ace of aged lacquer.

独板面: Solid board top, found most often on narrow rectangular tables with re cessed legs, trestle tables, and benches whose top is not made with a frame. 独板围子: Solid board railing.

都承盘或都丞盘或都盛盘或都珍盘: Desk tray or desk treasure tray, for holding th e treasures (the paraphernalia used in calligraphy and painting) on a scholar\' s desk.

墩子: Shoe-foot. Horizontal, usually bridge-shaped, piece of wood supporting a vertical member of a screen, clothes rack or lampstand. It tends to be large a nd includes the embracing drum.

垛边: Frame-thickening inserts. Separate pieces of wood added, mainly for aest hetic reasons, beneath the four sides of a frame of a table top in order to incr ease its height. They are commonly found on tables and stools, often on the t ype with leg-encircling stretcher, or with three spandrels to one leg, and a hu

mpbacked stretcher. The inserts are less deep than the frame members and th us give the illusion of a thick frame without having its weight.

朵云双螭纹: Cloud surrounded by confronting dragons motif.

鹅脖: Gooseneck front posts. Curved posts of an armchair which are often mad e from the same piece of wood as the front legs.

二人凳: Two-seater bench.

方凳: Square stool.

方角柜: Square-corner cabinet. Usually a metal hinged cabinet with very little o r no splay, and in which each of the four corners forms a right angle.

方桌: Square table. Term refers to tables of various sizes.

风车式: Windmill lattice. Patterned on the shape of the windmill motif used in C hinese paper toys.

分心花: Dividing-the-heart motif, the cusp in the middle of an apron.

浮雕: Relief carving.

浮雕透雕结合: Relief and openwork carving. Term used when both types of decor ation occur in a single piece.

扶手: Arms of a chair.

扶手椅: Armchair.

盖面: Convex surface or moulding. Term used in Yingzao fashi (Building Standa rds) and by cabinetmakers today; also called hunmian and tumian.

赶枨: Changing the level of stretchers, in order to spread out the mortises. The term usually refers to the lower stretchers of chairs.

甘蔗床: Sugar-cane squeezer.

高拱罗锅枨: High humpbacked stretcher. Stretcher which often appears on the ty pe of table with three spandrels to one leg and on rectangular tables with rec essed legs.

高面盆架: Washbasin stand with towel rack. The two back legs are extended to form the towel rack.

高束腰: High waist. On some examples the influence of a Buddhist pedestal is s till discernible.

高桌: High table.

格肩: Mitre; single or double.

格肩榫: Double-mitred tenon.

供案: Recessed-leg altar table.

供桌: Corner-leg altar table.

勾挂垫榫: Hook-and-plug tenon joint, used to attach a giant\'s arm brace to the leg. The slightly hooked tenon is secured in the mortise by a small block of wood placed beneath it.

瓜棱线: Melon-shaped moulding, a ridge-shaped moulding used on legs. (When the leg is seen in section, it resembles the section of a fluted melon.) It is oft en found on waistless square tables and round-corner cabinets. Also called甜瓜棱.

管脚枨: Base stretcher, a bar placed just above the feet of a piece of furniture to hold the legs in position.

官帽椅: Official\'s hat armchair. Term includes the official\'s hat armchair with four protruding ends and the southern official\'s hat armchair. See also nangu anmaoyi.

官皮箱: Dressing case, usually having a base with drawers, which are often beh ind doors, and a top consisting of a lidded tray.

挂销: Hanger tenon. Dovetail-shaped tenon on the top of a leg on which to han g the apron, usually as long as the apron.

挂牙: Hanging spandrel. Spandrel whose length is greater than its width, and which narrows towards its lower edge.

挂檐: Canopy lattice, around the top of a canopy bed.

鼓钉: Bosses, the nail motifs on a drum stool.

鼓墩: Drum stool; also called zuodun.

柜: Cabinet, northern term for chu, which is more current in the south.

柜帮: Side of a cabinet. Craftsmen\'s term.

柜帽: Cabinet\'s cap, the top of a round-corner cabinet which protrudes beyond the side posts to allow for the wood hinged construction and which usually h as rounded edges.

鬼面: Devil\'s face. Term used in Gegu yaolun (The Essential Criteria of Antiqui ties) to describe a particular formation in the grain of huanghuali wood.

柜塞: One-drawer coffer, literally the plug between two cabinets, because the c offer is often placed between a pair of cabinets or compound wardrobes in fo ur parts.

柜膛: Ridden compartment, occupying the space below the door and above the bottom board of a cabinet.

滚凳: Roller stool. Stool with movable rollers, used to exercise the feet.

裹腿枨: Leg-encircling stretcher. Stretcher continuing around the entire circumfe rence of a piece, passing over the outside edges of the legs.

裹腿做: Leg-encircling.

鼓腿: Bulging leg.

鼓腿彭牙Convex apron and bulging leg ending in a horse-hoof foot. Term used by Beijing cabinetmakers and in the Qing Regulations.

海南檀: Daltergia hainanensis, the scientific name previously given to huanghua li wood.

海棠式: Begonia-shaped.

耗子尾: Upward-tapering member, such as the side posts of an armchair.

横枨: Side stretcher, on rectangular tables.

横拐子: Short horizontal members on the base of a washbasin stand.

合页: Metal hinge.

荷叶托: Lotus-leaf support, often occurring on mirror stands.

红木：Hong wood. There are two kinds: old hong wood was the principal hardw ood used by furniture makers from mid Qing times to the first quarter of the 20th century, and new hong wood is one of the main hardwoods used by furn iture factories today.

画案: Recessed-leg painting table. Large, wide rectangular table without drawer

s.

花梨: Huali wood, Ormosia henryi. One of the main hardwoods used for furnitu re after the mid Qing dynasty.

花榈: Huali wood. Pre-Ming way of writing the term which at that time referred mainly to huanghuali wood.

黄花梨: Huanghuali wood, Dalbergia odorifera, the principal hardwood used for furniture from mid Ming until the first part of the Qing dynasty.

黄杨: Boxwood, Buxus microphylia, a dense yellowish wood.

财务专业术语中英文对照表

财务专业术语中英文对照表 英文中文说明 Account Accounting system 会计系统 American Accounting Association 美国会计协会 American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会 Audit 审计 Balance sheet 资产负债表 Bookkeepking 簿记 Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测 Certificate in Internal Auditing 部审计证书 Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书 Certificate Public Accountant注册会计师 Cost accounting 成本会计 External users 外部使用者 Financial accounting 财务会计 Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会 Financial forecast 财务预测 Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则 General-purpose information 通用目的信息 Government Accounting Office 政府会计办公室 Income statement 损益表 Institute of Internal Auditors 部审计师协会 Institute of Management Accountants 管理会计师协会 Integrity 整合性 Internal auditing 部审计 Internal control structure 部控制结构 Internal Revenue Service 国收入署 Internal users部使用者 Management accounting 管理会计 Return of investment 投资回报 Return on investment 投资报酬 Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会

桥梁名词中英文对照(修改版)

A类部分预应力混凝土 type A partially prestressed concrete A形索塔 A-framed tower B类部分预应力混凝土 type B partially prestressed concrete GM 法 Guyon-Massonet method JM12型锚具 J M 12 anchorage OVM锚具 oriental cone anchorage; T[形]梁桥 T-beam bridge T形刚构桥 T-shaped rigid frame bridge T形梁 T[-shaped] beam T形桥台 T-abutment U形梁U[-shaped] beam U形桥台 U-abutment VSL 锚具 VSL anchorage; 瑞士VSL 厂生产的国际通用夹片锚具。 W型护栏 w-type guardrail XM锚具 X-typed anchorage; X型三夹片式群锚。 YM锚具 Y-typed anchorage, post-tensioning strand group anchorage; [桥]台后回填 back filling behind abutment [桥基]沉降 settlement [桥梁]动力回应试验 bridge response to forced vibration [桥头]锥坡 conical slope 八字形桥台 flare wing-walled abutment 板 slab 板端错台 faulting of slab ends 板肋拱桥 slab-rib arch bridge 板桥 slab bridge 板式橡胶支座 laminated rubber bearing 板体断裂 slab rupture 板体翘曲 slab warping 板体温度翘曲应力 slab stress due to thermal warping 板桩sheet pile 板桩围堰 sheet pile cofferdam 便桥detour bridge 标准车辆荷载 standard truck loading 波纹钢桥面 corrugated steel deck 波纹管涵 corrugated-metal pipe culvert 波形梁护栏corrugated beam barrier 超载预压 surcharge preloading 车道 lane 车道分布

(完整版)放疗专业术语中英文对照表

Chemntherapeutic agents 化学疗法 thus xue fiao fa) Chemothcrjipy 化学疔,Z (hija xue Aaa fa) hns the goal of killing or stopping rhe development nf rapidly dividing cells. Examples are Cisplatin, Carboplat in, Bkomycin I 博来霉嗪1 (ftd l3f Sg S-fltinrncjrao 5 氟尿瞪喘(ft/ HiAO m dfinfl), mrthotrExate 甲員媒时{Jia 的 did /ioffk Vincristine fifr chun xJTj/a^, Vinblastine 衣祚碱 (chang chun ;ian}. Taxol and Tawiuvirtn .木戟题(SSfi ben 阳ng 钠* Since the sanK nicchanism (hat kilh malignant cdl or blocks de vela pment of a malignant cell cm have similar effects on a nnrnuil, rap idly dividing celt any of LhcNt agents ciin hax r c btid side clfccts. Some terms of cancer ircitLcd with chemcthera 卩、may cjus,e ihe cancer (o "disappear

色彩常用术语中英文对照

色彩常用术语中英文对照 2007-08-06 16:48:16 (已经被浏览7次) 一.红色类红色red 朱红vermeil; vermilion; ponceau 粉红pink; soft red; rose bloom 梅红plum;crimson;fuchsia red 玫瑰红rose madder; rose 桃红peach blossom; peach; carmine rose 樱桃红cherry; cerise 桔红reddish orange; tangerine; jacinth; salmon pink; salmon 石榴红garnet 枣红purplish red; jujube red; date red 莲红lotus red 浅莲红fuchsia pink 豉豆红bean red 辣椒红capsicum red 高粱红Kaoliang red 芙蓉红hibiscus red; poppy red; poppy 胭脂红rogue red ; carmine; cochineal; lake 鲑鱼红salmon 玳瑁红hawksbill turtle red 海螺红cadmium orange 宝石红ruby red 玛瑙红agate red 珊瑚红coral 金红bronze red 铁红iron oxide red 铁锈红rust red 镉红cadmium red 铬红chrome red 砖红brick red 土红laterite; reddle 郎窑红lang-kiln red 均红Jun-kiln red 釉底红underglaze red 威尼斯红Venetian red 法国红French vermilion 茜红alizarin red; madder red 洋红carmine; magenta 品红pinkish red; magenta 猩红scarlet red; scarlet; blood red 油红oil red 紫红purplish red; madder red; wine red; wine; carmine;amaranth; claret; fuchsia;

一些起重机英文术语解读

abutment crane 台座起重机; 高座起重机 ammunition crane 重炮装弹机 crane ladle 吊包; 吊车浇包 crane link 吊车吊架 crane load 吊车起重量; 起重机起重量 crane loading 起重机起吊; 起重机装运 crane locomotive 起重机车 crane magnet 电磁吸盘 crane motor 吊车电动机 crane output 起重能力 crane platform 吊车平台 crane radius 起重机起吊半径; 起重机伸臂活动半径; 起重机伸距crane rail 吊车轨 crane rating 起重机定额; 起重机载重量 crane rope 起重钢绳; 起重机吊索; 吊车钢丝绳 crane runner 吊车司机 crane runway 起重机走道; 天车滑道 crane runway girder 起重机行车大梁 crane saver 料垛送进装置 crane scale 吊车衡 crane shaft 起重机轴

crane ship 水上起重机 crane stake 起重机柱 crane switch 起重机开关 crane trolley 起重机行车; 吊机滑车 crane trolley wire 起重机接触导线; 行车接触导线 crane truck 汽车起重机; 吊车; 车载起重机; 车装起重机; 卡车起重机crane weigher 吊车秤 crane wheel 吊车车轮 crane winch 起重机绞车 crane with double lever jib 四连杆伸臂起重机; 四连杆式伸臂起重机crane-type loader 起重机式装载机; 转臂式装载机 craneage 吊车工时 craneman 吊车工; 起重机手; 天车工 crawler crane 履带吊; 履带起重机; 履带式起重机 crawling crane 履带起重机; 履带式起重机 crow crane 料耙起重机 de-piling crane 叠板卸垛吊车 deck crane 甲板起重机 deck twin crane 并列式甲板起重机 depiling crane 叠板卸垛吊车 derrick crane 动臂起重机; 转臂起重机 derrick wagon crane 车座人字起重机; 车座人字形起重机

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信息技术常用术语中英文对照表

Hacker 黑客，最初是指发现网络系统安全漏洞并进行修补的人，而现在多指利用系统安全漏洞对网络进行攻击破坏或窃取资料的人 HomePage 主页，通过万维网(Web)进行信息查询的起始信息页 HTML Hypertext Markup Language超文本链接语言HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol超文本传输协议ICP Internet Content Provider Internet内容提供商ICQ I seek you网上寻呼 Internet国际互联网，因特网 internet 互联网，泛指由多个计算机网络相互连接而成的一个网络 I Phone Internet Phone一种通过Internet进行语音通讯的技术 IP电话利用Internet技术传输话音信号的一种电话 IRC Internet Relay Chat Internet实时网上交谈系统ISP Internet Service Provider Internet服务提供商 MUD Multi-User Dungeon多用户网络游戏 NII National Information Infrastructure 国家信息基础结构，俗称信息高速公 路 POP Post Office Protocol邮局协议 Proxy Server 代理服务器，一种代表客户机转送服务请求的服务器，它也可以通过在送出信息内容前对其进行审查，从而在因特网和专用网之间提供防火墙安全性 PSP Platform Service Provider平台服务供应商 Telnet远程登录 UNINET中国联通互联网 URL Uniform Resource Locator网站地址 VST Virtual Space Teleconferencing虚拟空间会议 Web环球网 WWW World Wide Web万维网 技术标准 Big5台湾流行的汉字内码标准 CMM Capacity Maturity Model 软件过程能力成熟度模型，一种评测软件开发能力与质量的方法 DES Data Encryption Standard数据加密标准 GB国家标准汉字内码GMT Greenwich Mean Time格林威治时间 IEEE Institution of Electrical and Electronics 电气和电子工程师学会（美国） ISO International Standardization Organization 国际标准化组织 ISO 9000一种质量管理标准 JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group 联合图象专家组规范，一种图象压缩 标准 MP3MPEGAudioLayer3一种音乐格式，它能够将CD品质的数字录音压缩成原来的1/12大小，令其容易存储和在网上传输 MPEG Motion Picture Experts Group 一种活动图象和声音的压缩标准，其中MPEG1是最常用的，为VCD所采用，MPEG2则为DVD所采用 Open System Interconnect 开放系统互连，用于各种型号计算机

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鞋类专业术语中英文对照 目录： 鞋子种类 (2) 部位名称 (3) 材料名称 (4) 问题点描述 (6)

Sports shoes运动鞋 Casual shoes便鞋 Hiking shoes/Traveling shoes旅游鞋Slipper拖鞋 Sandals凉鞋 Boots马靴 Work shoes工作鞋 Beach Shoes沙滩鞋 Canvas shoes帆布鞋 Pumps单鞋/跟鞋 Climbing shoes登山鞋 Football shoes足球鞋 Jogging shoes慢跑鞋 Basketball shoes篮球鞋 Leisure shoes休闲鞋 Tennis shoes网球鞋 Baseball shoes棒球鞋 Aerobic shoes舞蹈鞋 Leather shoes皮鞋 Sandal凉鞋 flip-flops 夹脚/人字拖 Slippers拖鞋 Sneakers平板鞋/旅游鞋 ballet shoes芭蕾舞鞋 Moccasin 鹿皮鞋 Patent leather shoes 漆皮皮鞋 Boot 靴子 Bootie短靴 Clog 木拖鞋 galosh, overshoe 套鞋 Walking Shoes步行鞋 Artificial leather/PU人造皮革 healthy shoes, healthcare shoes保键鞋，健康鞋 Safety shoes 安全鞋 High heel高跟鞋 Skateboard滑板鞋 Skating shoes滑冰鞋 Grass-sliding shoes 滑草鞋 Skiing shoes 滑雪鞋 Orthopedic shoe矫正鞋 Cotton shoes棉鞋Racing shoes 跑鞋 dress shoes 时装鞋 fashion shoes 精致鞋（装饰鞋，盛装鞋）plastic shoes塑料，塑胶鞋 children shoes童鞋 Cement shoes冷粘鞋 Injection shoes注塑鞋 Vulcanized shoes硫化鞋 Snow boots 雪地靴 Cork slipper 软木拖 Croco shoes 花园鞋 鞋子种类(shoes variety)

电机行业专用术语中英文对照

电机行业专用术语中英文对照 geared-down motor 齿轮减速发动机 gear-type hydraulic motor 齿轮式液压马达 gear-type motor 齿轮液压电动机 gear-within-gear motor 内啮合齿轮马达 general-purpose motor 通用电动机 generator-motor set 发电机电动机组 gimbal servo motor 万向伺服电动机 gimbaled motor 悬挂式电动机 gimbaling rocket motor 万向架支座火箭发动机glass reinforced plastic motor lifeboat 玻璃钢机动救生艇 governor motor 调节马 达 ; 调速电动机 ; 调速器电动机 ; 调速器用电动机 ; 调整机用电动机 graduation of the motor currents 电动机电流级加法 gramophone motor 唱机电动机 grinding head motor for woodworking 木工专用磨头电动机 grinding head motor 磨头电动机 grinding wheel drive motor 砂轮电机 gunmetals motor carriage 机械化炮车 gyro motor 陀螺马达 hand motor 手电动机 harmonic motor 谐波电动机 haulage motor 电机车 head motor 头部发动机 heat-pipe motor 热管冷却电动机 heat-resistant motor 耐热电动机 ; 高温电动机 heavy motor truck 重型载货汽车 hele-shaw motor 径向活塞式液压电动机 ; 径向活塞式液压电动机 hermetic motor 密封式电动机 ; 密封式电动机 ; 密封型电动机hermetically sealed motor 密封式电动机 hermetically-sealed motor 密封型电动机heteropolar d.c. linear motor 多极直流直线电动机 high capacity motor 高功率电动机high frequency motor generator 高频电动发电机 high power motor 大功率电动机 high slip motor 高转差率电机 high speed low-noise synchronous motor 高速低噪音异步电动机 high torque ac motor 大转矩交流电动机 high torque and low speed motor 大转矩低速电动机 high torque motor 高启动转矩电机 high voltage motor 高压交流电动机 high voltage wound asynchronous motor 高压卷线异步电动机 high-capacity motor 大型电动机 ; 高功率电动机 high-compression motor 高压缩发动机 high-output three-phase induction motor 高功率三相感应电动机 high-slip induction motor 高滑差感应电动机 high-slip motor 高滑率电机 high-speed motor 高速电动机 high-speed servo motor 高速伺服电动机 high-tension motor 高压电动机 high-voltage motor 高压电动机 high-voltage synchronous motor 高压同步电动机hoisting motor 升降电动机 home motor 家用电动机 homopolar motor 单极电动机horizontal induction motor 卧式感应电动机 horizontal motor 卧式电动机 horizontal-type motor 卧式发电机 horse motor 马拉传动装置 horse-drawn motorized duster 马拉机动喷粉机 ; 马拉式机动喷粉机 hot mill motor 热轧电动机 hot motor part detection 发动机发热部分探测 hot motoring method 热机马达法 hydraulic control motor 液压控制马达 hydraulic motor drive 液力马达传动 hydraulic motor sae stall pressure 液压马达的 sae 制动压力 hydraulic motor 水力发动机 ; 液压发动机 ; 液压马达 ; 油压马达hydraulic slave motor 液压马达 hydraulic stepping motor 液压步进马达 hydraulic traversing electric motor 液压方向机电动机 hydraulic-powered wiper motor 液压式风窗刮水器的液力驱动器 hydro-electric motor 水力发动机 hydro-motor jig 流体传动跳汰机 hydro-motor 水压发动机 ; 液压发动机 ; 液压马达 ; 射水发动机 hysteresis motor 磁滞电动机 ; 磁滞式电动机 hysteresis synchronous motor 磁滞式同步电动机 ; 磁滞同步电动机 igniter motor 点火发动机 immersed torque motor 湿式力矩电动机 ; 湿式力矩马达 immersible motor 浸入型电动机 ; 潜水电动机 impulse motor 脉冲电动机 ; 脉冲马达 impulse stepping motor 脉冲步进电动机 increased-safety motor 增安型电动机independent motor drive 单独电动机传动 individual drive motor 单独传动电动机individual-drive motor 单独传动电动机 induction motor controller 感应电动机控制器induction motor 感应电动机 ; 异步电动机 induction-motor meter 感应式电度表

各种专业名称英语词汇中英文对照表

各种专业名称英语词汇中英文对照表

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各种专业名称英语词汇中英文对照表 哲学Phｉｌoｓopｈy 马克思主义哲学Philosophy of Mａrxism 中国哲学ＣhinesｅＰhｉlｏｓｏpｈy 外国哲学ForeiｇｎPhiloｓopｈｉes ?逻辑学Loｇiｃ?伦理学Ｅthiｃs 美学Ａｅstheｔics 宗教学Science of Rｅｌigiｏn?科学技术哲学Philｏsoｐhy ｏf Sciencｅ ａnｄTecｈｎolｏgy?经济学Ecoｎｏｍiｃs?理论经济学Ｔhｅoreｔicaｌ Ｅcoｎomｉcs ?政治经济学PｏlｉticａｌＥconoｍy ?经济思想史History oｆEconｏｍｉc Thougｈt ?经济史Hｉstoｒy of Eｃonoｍｉc 西方经济学WesｔernＥcoｎoｍiｃs?世界经济World Economｉcs ?人口、资源与环境经济学Populａｔion,Rｅsｏurces ａnｄＥnｖiroｎmentaｌＥcoｎoｍｉcs 应用经济学Aｐpｌied Econｏmｉcs 国民经济学Natｉｏnal Economics?区域经济学Rｅgionａl Ｅconｏmics ?财政学（含税收学)Ｐublic Ｆｉnanｃe (incｌudiｎｇＴaxａtion) 金融学（含保险学) Fiｎance (incｌuｄing Inｓurａnce)?产业经济学Indusｔrial Economiｃs ?国际贸易学Ｉｎｔｅrｎatioｎal Trade 劳动经济学Laｂor Econoｍｉcs ?统计学Staｔｉｓtics ?数量经济学Quanｔita ｔive Eｃonoｍｉcs ?中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称 国防经济学Nａtionａl Defense Economicｓ?法学Ｌaw 法学Ｓciｅｎce of Law ?法学理论Jurisｐrudeｎcｅ?法律史Legal Hiｓtory ?宪法学与行政法学Ｃoｎstituｔｉｏnal Law aｎd Adｍｉnistrative Law 刑法学Criｍiｎal Jurisｐruｄeｎｃe 民商法学(含劳动法学、社会保障法学）Civil Ｌaw and Commｅｒｃial Lａw （i ｎｃlｕdiｎg Sciｅnce ｏf LaｂouｒLawａnd Ｓcience oｆＳｏcial Ｓec ｕrｉtｙLaw）?诉讼法学Scｉeｎce of PｒｏｃedurｅLａｗs ?经济法学Sc ｉeｎce oｆＥｃonomic Law ?环境与资源保护法学Science oｆEｎvirｏnｍent anｄNatuｒal Rｅsｏuｒｃｅs Ｐrotection Law 国际法学（含国际公法学、国际私法学、国际经济法学、）Ｉntｅｒnaｔionaｌlaw （includiｎg Inｔerｎatiｏnａl Public lａw, Intｅrnaｔiｏnal PｒivａtｅLaw a

体育英文专业术语对照

单杠horizontal bar 双杠parallel bars 高低杠uneven bars 平衡木balance beam 吊环rings; swinging rings 跳马vaulting horse 鞍马pommelled horse 跳箱box horse 跳板springboard 自由体操free exercise; floor exercise 软体操calisthenics 健美操"fitness exercise, bodybuilding exercise" 藤圈操hoop exercise 哑铃操dumb-bell exercise 徒手操free-hand exercise 规定动作compulsory exercise 自选动作optional exercise 垫上运动mat exercise 叠罗汉pyramid 难度difficulty 协调harmony 优美elegance 准确accuracy 熟练well-executed

手倒立handstand 头倒立headstand 劈叉splits 分腿straddle 摆动swing 转体turn; twist; pirouette 腾翻somersault 助跑approach run 引体向上pull-up; chin up 俯卧撑push-up 满分full score 加分bonus point 武术traditional Chinese combat exercise；fighting arts; martial arts; wushu 猴拳monkey boxing 戟halberd; halbert 剑rapier 九节鞭nine-section whip 流星锤meteor hammer 枪术spearplay 青龙刀falchion 拳法fist position 软兵器soft weapon 三节棍three-section cudgel 少林拳shaolin boxing

模具常用术语中英文对照表

"R，L Co.,Ltd" 模具常用术语中英文对照 模芯Parting Core 局部视图Partial View 冷料# Cold Slag 线切割 Wire 轮廊Contour 螺纹孔 Tapping Hole 连接件 Fittings 斜针Angle Pin 接合Engage 替换镶件Interchangeable Mold Inserts 指定吨位的注塑机Specific Press 水嘴接头Water Fittings 螺纹Eyebolt Thread 回针Stop Pin 二级顶出针Sub-Leaderd Pin 镶件Mold Insert 加硬Harden 唧嘴Sprue 设计筒图Design Preliminary 名称块表Title Block 版本标识Revision Level 材料清单Stock List 制模Build Mold 手动滑块Hand Slide 漏水测试Leak Test 流道排气Runner Vents 抛光Draw Polish 侧抽芯 Side Action 加强筋 Reinforcing

三角撑 Gusset 柱子Bossed 出模斜度Draft 外廊Contour 落单会议Kick-Off Meeting 装卸孔 Handling Hole 运输安全带Moldstrap 码模槽 Clamp Slot 撑头Support Pillar 螺牙1/2-13 Eye Bolt 1/2-13Tap 导柱位 Leader Pin Location 耐落胶 Teflon Paste 偏移量 Offset 水塞Water Line Plug 撬模脚 Ppy Slot 重新加工Reworked 配件Components 补偿Compensation 平面度 Parallel 倒角Chamfer 模胚Mold Base 热嘴Hotnozzle 火花机 Edm 熔接线 Weildline 压机Press 晒纹Texturing 梯形Trapezoid 凸缘、法兰Flange 方铁Spacer Block 顶针板Ejector Plate 顶针底板Ejector Retainer Plate 垫板Retainer Plate

网球术语中英文对照

网球术语中英文对照 场地相关 技术相关 裁判相关

球具相关 Serve：How to Play Tennis --- part I 1. Eyes shut Once you've developed a sound service motion, it's important that you toss the ball into the same spot each and every time. You should be able to serve with your eyes closed, because the ball should be in the same spot every time. 2. Knock Knock The key to having a powerful serve is in creating a loop in your backswing and letting your racquet head drop behind you as you toss the ball. This lengthens the swing, and more length means increased power. Serving

requires using the big muscles of the body. Ask Pete Sampras, Boris Becker, or Goran Ivanisevic where their power comes from and they'll say their legs, hips, and shoulders. 3.Same as it ever was When you're practicing your serve, go through the same pre-serve rituals you use during a match. Bounce the ball a few times, bring your hands together, and then come to the set position. It doesn't matter if you hold your hands high or low, or how many times you bounce the ball; just do it the same way you would in a match, every time. The idea behind practice is to create consistency through repetition. If you don't practice your rituals, they won't be worth employing during a match. 4 Power plays Looking to add more power to your serve? Here are two things you need to do: 1) Stay relaxed. When trying to hit the ball hard, most players tend to tighten up. Try to keep both your arm and your hand loose. 2) Don't be afraid to use your entire body. Turning your hips and shoulders and getting more leg drive into your motion will add power to your serve. The one thing you can't afford to do is only use your arm. The whole body needs to be part of the service chain.

中英文起重机术语

起重机（crane） moblie crane 移动式起重机 truck crane 汽车式起重机 wheel crane / wheeled crane 轮胎起重机 crawler crane / caterpillar crane 履带吊;履带式起重机 tower crane 塔吊; 塔式起重机 -construction tower cranes / building tower crane 建筑塔式起重机，建筑塔机-luffing jib tower crane 动臂塔式起重机 -tower jib crane 塔式挺杆起重机（含义与上同） bridge crane/traveling crane/overhead crane 桥吊；桥式吊车; 桥式起重机-electric traveling crane 电动桥式起重机（俗称行车、天车） -electric double-beam bridge crane 电动双梁桥式起重机 portal crane / portal bridge crane门式起重机 - semi-goliath crane 半门式起重机 - semi-portal bridge crane 半龙门起重机 gantry cranes 龙门起重机 - rubber tyred gantry crane 轮胎式龙门吊 - electric gantry crane 电动龙门式起重机 - hook gantry crane 吊钩龙门吊 - economical gantry crane 简单龙门起重机; 简易龙门起重机 - rubber tyred container gantry crane 轮胎式集装箱龙门起重机 barges / floating Cranes 船式起重机; 浮吊; 浮式起重机水上起重机 boom crane 吊杆起重机; 桁梁起重机; 臂式起重机; 伸臂起重机 bucket crane 料罐起重机; 吊斗起重机 building crane 建筑起重机 cable crane 索道起重机; 缆索起重机 container crane 集装箱起重机 electric crane 电动吊车; 电动起重机; 电力起重机 electriomagnet crane 电磁铁起重机 electric jib crane 电动单臂起重机 fixed crane 固定式起重机 climbing crane 爬升式起重机；攀爬式起重机 fixed derrick crane 固定式动臂起重机 fixed jib crane 固定式悬臂起重机 flying crane helicopter 起重直升机 hoist crane 起重葫芦 hoisting crane 升降起重机 hook type crane 钩式起重机 twin hood crane 双钩吊车 mobile crane 移动式吊车; 移动式起重机 quay crane 码头起重机; 码头桥式起重机; 港岸起重机 revolving track crane 回转式轨道起重机 circular crane 旋转式吊车环形吊车 roof crane 屋顶起重机

制药行业术语中英文对照

术语表 Acceptance Criteria–接受标准:接受测试结果的数字限度、范围或其他合适的量度标准。Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient（API）（or Drug Substance）-活性要用成分（原料药）旨在用于药品制造中的任何一种物质或物质的混合物，而且在用于制药时，成为药品的一种活性成分。此种物质在疾病的诊断，治疗，症状缓解，处理或疾病的预防中有药理活性或其他直接作用，或者能影响机体的功能和结构。 API Starting Material–原料药的起始物料:用在原料药生产中的，以主要结构单元被并入该原料药的原料、中间体或原料药。原料药的起始物料可能是在市场上有售，能够根据合同或商业协议从一个或多个供应商处购得，或者自己生产。原料药的起始物料通常有特定的化学特性和结构。 Batch（or Lot）-批:有一个或一系列工艺过程生产的一定数量的物料，因此在规定的限度内是均一的。在连续生产中，一批可能对应与生产的某以特定部分。其批量可规定为一个固定数量，或在固定时间间隔内生产的数量。 Batch Number（or Lot Number）-批号用于标识一批的一个数字、字母和/或符号的唯一组合，从中可确定生产和销售的历史。 Bioburden–生物负载：可能存在与原料、原料药的起始物料、中间体或原料药中的微生物的水平和种类（例如，治病的或不治病的）。生物负载不应当当作污染，除非含量超标，或者测得治病生物。 Calibration–校验：证明某个仪器或装置在一适当的量程范围内测得的结果与一参照物，或可追溯的标准相比在规定限度内。 Computer System–计算机系统：设计安装用于执行某一项或一组功能的一组硬件元件和关联的软件。 Computerized System–计算机化系统与计算机系统整合的一个工艺或操作。Contamination–污染：在生产、取样、包装或重新包装、贮存或运输过程中，具化学或微生物性质的杂质或外来物质进入或沾染原料、中间体或原料药。 Contract Manufacturer–协议制造商：代表原制造商进行部分制造的制造商。 Critical–决定性的：用来描述为了确保原料药符合规格标准，必须控制在预定范围内的工艺步骤、工艺条件、测试要求或其他有关参数或项目。 Cross-Contamination–交叉污染:一种物料或产品对另一种物料或产品的污染。 Deviation–偏差：对批准的指令或规定的标准的偏离。 Drug（Medicinal）Product–药品：经最后包装准备销售的制剂（参见Q1A） Drug Substance–药物见原料药 Expiry Date（or Expiration Date）-有效期:原料药容器/标签上注明的日期，在此规定时间内，该原料药在规定条件下贮存时，仍符合规格标准，超过这以期限则不应当使用。 Impurity–杂质:存在与中间体或原料药中，任何不希望得到的成分。 Impurity Profile–杂质概况:对存在于一种原料药中的已知和未知杂质的描述。 In-Process Control（or Process Control）-中间控制:生产过程中为监测，在必要时调节工艺和/或保证中间体或原料药符合其规格而进行的检查。 Intermediate–中间体:原料药工艺步骤中生产的、必须经过进一步分子变化或精制才能成为原料药的一种物料。中间体可以分离或不分离。 Manufacture–制造:物料的接收、原料药的生产、包装、重新包装、贴签、重新贴签、质量控制、放行、贮存和分发以及相关控制的所有操作。 Material–物料:原料（起始物料，试剂，溶剂），工艺辅助用品，中间体，原料药和包装及贴签材料的统称。