Culture Shock

UNIT 6：Culture Shock

|文化冲击|

Kalervo Oberg

We might almost call culture shock an occupational disease of people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad. Like most ailments it has its own cause, symptoms, and cure.

1 我们不妨把文化冲击称为突然置身国外的人们所得的职业病。和大部分疾病一样，这种病有其独特的起因、症状和疗法。

Culture shock is precipitated by the anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. These signs or cues include the thousand and one ways in which we orient ourselves to the situations of daily life: when to shake hands and what to say when we meet people, when and how to give tips, how to give orders to servants, how to make purchases, when to accept and when to refuse invitations, when to take statements seriously and when not. These cues which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, customs, or norms are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and are as much a part of our culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept. All of us depend for

our peace of mind and our efficiency on hundreds of these cues.

2 文化冲击是因为我们失去熟悉的社会交往标记和符号而产生的焦虑所促成。这些标志或暗示包括我们应付日常生活各种情境时使用的诸多方式方法：与人会面时何时握手、该说些什么；在什么时间、以什么方式付小费；如何吩咐佣人；怎样购物；何时该接受、何时该拒绝他人的邀请；别人说的话，何时该当真，何时不该当真。这些暗示可以是语言、手势、面部表情、风俗习惯或社会行为标准。我们在成长的过程中获得了这些暗示，就像我们的语言和我们所接受的信仰一样，它们已经成为我们文化的一部分。我们所有的人都依赖成百上千个这样的暗示才能拥有宁静的心境，过上高效率的生活。

Now when an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar cues are removed. He or she is like a fish out of water. No matter how broad-minded you may be, a series of props have been knocked from under you, followed by a feeling of frustration and anxiety. People react to the frustration in much the same way. First they reject the environment which causes the discomfort: a€?The ways of the host country are bad because they make us fee l bad.a€? When Americans or other foreigners in a strange land get together to complain about the host country and its people a€” you can be sure they are suffering from culture shock.

Another phase of culture shock is regression. The home environment suddenly assumes a tremendous importance. To an American everything American becomes irrationally glorified. All the difficulties and problems are forgotten and only the good things back home are remembered. It usually takes a trip home to bring one back to reality.

3 当你走进一种陌生的文化，你所熟悉的所有或大部分文化暗示也就随之消失。此时的你宛如一条离开水的鱼。无论你的心胸多么开阔，你赖以生存的支柱此时都已倒塌，挫折感和焦虑感油然而生。人们对此种挫折的反应非常相似：他们首先排斥令他们不适的环境：“我们所到之国的生活方式很不好，让我们感觉很糟糕。”当美国人或其他的外国人来到一个陌生的国度，聚在一起抱怨所到之国及其人民时——可以肯定，他们正深受文化冲击之苦。文化冲击的另外一个阶段是回归。故乡的一草一木突然变得极为重要。一个美国人会不合理地美化美国的一切事物。在自己国家所经历的困难和问题都抛在了脑后，只记得故乡美好的事物。通常要回国一趟方可回到现实中。

In an effort to get over culture shock, there is some value in knowing something about the nature of culture and its relationship to the individual. In addition to living in a physical environment, an individual lives in a cultural environment consisting of man-made

physical objects, social institutions, and ideas and beliefs. An individual is not born with culture but only with the capacity to learn it and use it. There is nothing in a new born child which dictates that it should eventually speak Portuguese, English, or French; nor that he should eat with a fork in his left hand rather than in the right or use chopsticks. All these things the child has to learn. Nor are the parents responsible for the culture which they transmit to their young. The culture of any people is the product of history and is built up over time largely through processes which are beyond his awareness. It is by means of culture that the young learn to adapt themselves to the physical environment and to the people with whom they associate. And as we know, children and adolescents often experience difficulties in this process of learning and adjustment. But once learned, culture becomes a way of life.

4 要克服文化冲击的心理，了解文化的性质及其与个人的关系会有所裨益。除了赖以生存的自然环境，一个人还生活在由人造的有形物体、社会风俗、观念和信仰构成的文化环境中。一个人并非天生就有文化，而是生来就具备学习和使用文化的能力。新生婴儿的身上不存在一种只许他最终说葡萄牙语、英语或法语的东西，也不存在一种只许他用左手而不是右手执叉或只许他用筷子吃饭的东西。这些东西都是要孩子去学习的。文化也不是由父母负责传递给孩子的。任何一个

民族的文化都是历史的产物，经过漫长的、本民族意识不到的过程才得以积累形成。孩子通过文化学会适应周围的物质环境，学会和周围的人打交道。众所周知，青少年在学习和适应的过程中经常遇到困难。但是，文化一旦学会了，就会成为一种生活方式。

People have a way of accepting their culture as both the best and the only way of doing things. This is perfectly normal and understandable. To this attitude we give the name ethnocentrism, a belief that not only the culture but the race and the nation form the center of the world. Individuals identify themselves with their own group to the extent that any critical comment is taken as a remark which is rude to the individual as well as to the group. If you criticize my country, you are criticizing me; if you criticize me, you are criticizing my country. Along with this attitude goes the tendency to attribute all individual peculiarities as national characteristics. For instance, if an American does something odd or anti-social in a foreign country which back home would be considered a purely individual act, this is now considered a national trait. He acts that way not because he is Joe Doaks but because he is an American. Instead of being censured as an individual, his country is censured. It is thus best to recognize that ethnocentrism is a permanent characteristic of national groups. Even if a national criticizes some

aspect of his own culture, the foreigner should listen but not enter into the criticism.

5 人们往往认为自己的文化是最好的，是生活的唯一方式。这非常正常，完全可以理解。我们把这种态度称为“民族优越感”，即一种认为自己的文化、种族和国家构成世界中心的想法。个人往往将自己与所处的群体等同起来，因此任何批评的言论在他们看来都是对个人及其群体不尊敬的：如果你批评我的祖国，你就是在批评我；如果你批评我，你就是在批评我的祖国。抱着这种态度，人们往往把个人的怪癖归结为民族的特点。例如，倘若一个美国人在国外做出怪异的或有悖社会公德的事情，在美国国内的人们会认为这纯属个人行为，但在国外却被视为一种民族特性：他那样做并非因为他是乔?多克斯，而是因为他是个美国人。遭受责难的不是他这个个体，而是他的祖国。因此，我们最好把民族优越感看成是民族群体的一个永恒的特性。即使一个国家的公民批评了自己文化的某些方面，外国人也只应当听着，而不应该参与批评。

Once you realize that your trouble is due to your own lack of understanding of other peoplea€?s cultural backgrou nd and your own lack of the means of communication rather than the hostility of an alien environment, you also realize that you yourself can gain this understanding and these means of communication. And the

sooner you do this, the sooner culture shock will disappear.

6 你一旦意识到面临的问题并非因为异域的敌意而是因为自己对其他民族的文化背景缺乏理解或者缺乏与对方沟通的方式，你同时就会意识到你本身能够了解他人的文化，并能够掌握那些交流的方式。你越早做到这一点，文化冲击就消失得越快。

The question now arises, what can you do to get over culture shock as quickly as possible? The answer is getting to know the people of the host country. But this you cannot do with any success without knowing the language, for language is the principal symbol system of communication. Now we all know that learning a new language is difficult, particularly to adults. This task alone is quite enough to cause frustration and anxiety, no matter how skillful language teachers are in making it easy for you. But once you begin to be able to carry on a friendly conversation with your maid, your neighbour, or to go on shopping trips alone, you not only gain confidence and a feeling of power but a whole new world of cultural meanings opens up for you.

7 接下来的问题是，你怎样做才能尽快克服文化冲击？答案是：了解所到之国的国民。但是，倘若不懂语言，你是无法成功地实现这一

目标的，因为语言是用于交流的主要的符号系统。我们现在都知道，学习一门新的语言不容易，对成年人来说，尤为如此。无论教语言的老师多么擅长于减轻你学习语言的难度，单单学语言这项任务都足以让你焦虑不安、饱受挫折。不过，你一旦能够和女佣、邻居进行友好的交谈，能够单独出门购物，你就会重获信心，充满力量，一个蕴含各种文化意义的新世界就向你敞开了大门。

You begin to find out what people do, how they do it, and what their interests are. People usually express these interests by what they habitually talk about and how they allocate their time and money. Once you know this value or interest pattern it will be quite easy to get people to talk to and be interested in you.

8 你开始发现人们做些什么、做事情的方式以及令他们感兴趣的事情。人们往往通过日常的谈话内容和时间、金钱的分配方式来表达自己的兴趣爱好。你一旦了解了他们的兴趣和价值模式，就很容易和他们交谈，也容易让他们对你产生兴趣。

At times it is helpful to be a participant observer by joining the activities of the people, to try to share in their responses, whether this be a carnival, a religious ritual, or some economic activity. Yet the visitor should never forget that he or she is an outsider and will

be treated as such. He or she should view this participation as a role playing. Understanding the ways of a people is essential but this does not mean that you have to give up your own. What happens is that you have developed two patterns of behavior.

9 有时候，参加人们举办的各种活动，不管是嘉年华会、宗教仪式还是经济活动，在活动中仔细观察，和人们一起喜怒哀乐，这都有好处。不过，你永远都不要忘记，你是一个外人，人们也会把你当成一个外人对待。你应当把参与活动看成角色扮演。了解一个民族的生活方式很重要，但这并非意味着你要放弃自己的文化。实际上，你已经具备两种行为方式。

新视野大学英语2最新quiz原题+答案

Part 3 Short passages and multiple choice questions (每小题：2 分) Directions: Listen to the following recording, then choose the correct answers to the questions. You will hear the recording twice. After the first playing, there will be time for you to choose the correct answers. Use the second playing to check your answers. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the same passage or dialog. 1.What are the man and woman talking about? A. The good sound system of a theater. B. The good and bad points about a horror movie. C. What movies to watch. D. The movies they plan to watch and what they have already watched. 2.Which of the following movies did the man not suggest? A. A science fiction movie. B. A comedy. C. A horror movie. D. A war movie. 3.According to the woman, why does the man want to see a horror movie? A. Because he likes movies that are really violent. B. Because he likes to see monsters. C. Because the girl is crazy about horror movies. D. Because he wants the girl to move closer to him. 4.What did the man do at the sight of a monster moving across the screen? A. He jumped out of excitement. B. He coughed. C. He jumped and screamed. D. He ran out of the theater. 5.What did the man do that annoyed the girl? A. He threw popcorn in the aisle. B. He ate popcorn with a lot of noise.

新视野大学英语(第二)第一册 课后翻译原题及答案

Book 1 课后翻译原题及答案 Unit1 1.对于网络课程，学生不仅可以选择何时何地学习，在回答问题之前他们还可以有时间思考答案。 Not only can students choose when and where to learn for an online course, but they can also take time to think through answers before making a reply. 2.学习的想法使她非常兴奋，而他认为网上学习毫无意义和用处。 She is excited by the idea of online learning while be considers it meaningless and useless. 3.与以英语为母语的人交谈是非常有益的体验，从中我们能学到许多东西。 Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience from which we can learn a lot. 4. 如今，越来越多的人可以利用互联网查找他们需要的信息。 Today, more and more people have access to the Internet through which they look for the information they need. 5. 他要她放弃工作在家照顾孩子，但是她觉得这个要求太过分了。He wants her to give up working and stay home to look after the children. She feels, however, that this is too much for her. 6.既然我们已经学完这门课程，就应该多做些复习。 Now that we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. 1. 我永远都不会忘记那位老师，是他告诉我学外语是有趣的、有价值的。如果没有他，我的英语说得不会像现在这样好。I'll never forget the teacher who showed me that learning a foreign language could be fun and rewarding. Were it not for him, I would not be able to speak English as well as I do now. 2 没有任何其他语言能像英语那样让你感受到多姿多彩的世界文化。有了过硬的英语知识，你就可以体验奇妙的文化之旅.No other language lets you experience the cultures of the world like English. With a strong knowledge of the English language, you can have wonderful cultural adventures. 3. 写作不仅仅要写老师布置的话题，而且要写自己感兴趣的东西，例如，给朋友写电子邮件。 Instead of only writing compositions about the subjects that your teacher has given you, do something enjoyable, like writing emails to a friend. 4. 远程教学课程是指授课者与学生通过计算机通信技术进行交流的课程。Distance learning courses are courses in which the instructor communicates with students using computer technology. 5. 英语不但是世界上最有用的语言，也是世界上最易学、易用的语言之一。English is not only the most useful language in the world, but it is also one of the easiest languages to learn and to use. 6远程教学课程在时间安排上给予学生更多的自由，但与其他课程比，这些课程要求学生有更强的自律能力。Distance learning courses give students greater freedom of time management, but these classes require more self-discipline than other classes. Unit2 1.当她就要关掉音乐时，她父亲冲进她的房间，朝着她喊道：“难道你就不能把音乐关小一点？” As she was about to turn off the music, her father burst into he room and shouted at her, “Can’t you turn down the music a little bit?" 2.酒吧老板一直在看那个姑娘跳舞，一面却假装没有看。 The owner of the bar kept watching the girl dancing while pretending not to. 3.桑迪如此喜欢摇滚音乐以至不顾父亲的屏蔽内容而将音量放大。 Rock music appealed to Sandy so much that she turned it up, paying no attention to her father’s objection. 4.像往常一样，当他的父母不喜欢他的穿着时，便开始唠叨他。 As usual, when his parents don’t like what he wears, they start bugging him. 5.在会上，他们讨论了如何保持师生间的沟通渠道畅通。 At the meeting they discussed how to keep the lines of communication open between teachers and students. 6.一想到这些年幼的男孩和女孩被父母强迫沿街讨钱我就生气。It makes my blood boil to think of these young boys and girls who are forced by their parents to beg for money along the streets. 1. 我认为那些在镇上游手好闲、在身上又文身又穿洞的青少年是在表达他们的个性。I suppose teenagers walking around town with tattoos and piercings all over their bodies are expressing themselves. 2. 因特网提供了一种更快捷的方式，让我们与全球的新老客户取得联系，并保持沟通渠道畅通无阻。The Internet gives us a faster way to reach new and existing customers around the world and to keep the lines of communication widely open. 3. 父母与自己十多岁的孩子的沟通问题不仅仅在于“代沟”，而且还在于双方都不完全理解对方的思想。The problem of communication between parents and their teenage children does not only lie in the "generation gap", but also in the fact that neither side fully understands the ideas of the other side.

新视野大学英语quiz答案quiz

1. When she heard the news of the death of her son in the terrorist attack in New York, the mother broke down and . (Suggested first letter(s): w ) 2. I was determined that I would not or make the parting harder for him, and I managed to say goodbye to him without tears. (Suggested first letter(s): w ) 3. Early signs of a disease are usually , so we very often fail to pay any attention and go to see a doctor in good time. (Suggested first letter(s): unno ) 4. The small question marks could have been made in other ways, and are hardly anyway. (Suggested first letter(s): no ) 5. One quality of American art life is the link between art historical teaching and criticism, which is not so common elsewhere. (Suggested first letter(s): no ) 6. Her explanation for being away was obviously a lie, but he it whole and said nothing. (Suggested first letter(s): sw ) 7. So your pride and prejudice and don't make an enemy of your own friends. (Suggested first letter(s): sw ) 8. Doctors say that since air travelers are in no condition to work after crossing a number of time , they should go straight to bed on arrival. (Suggested first letter(s): zo )

Culture Shock

UNIT 6：Culture Shock |文化冲击| Kalervo Oberg We might almost call culture shock an occupational disease of people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad. Like most ailments it has its own cause, symptoms, and cure. 1 我们不妨把文化冲击称为突然置身国外的人们所得的职业病。和大部分疾病一样，这种病有其独特的起因、症状和疗法。 Culture shock is precipitated by the anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. These signs or cues include the thousand and one ways in which we orient ourselves to the situations of daily life: when to shake hands and what to say when we meet people, when and how to give tips, how to give orders to servants, how to make purchases, when to accept and when to refuse invitations, when to take statements seriously and when not. These cues which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, customs, or norms are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and are as much a part of our culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept. All of us depend for

新视野大学英语quiz 8 答案

A. He does not want to eat GM food. B. He wants GM food labeled. C. He does not care if GM food is labeled. D. He agrees with the woman. A. She agrees with the man. B. GMO spreads diseases. C. GM fish are abnormally large. D. Trees grow too fast.

A. She wants the man to go to the meeting. B. She wants the man to pick up the children. C. She wants to clone the man. D. She does not want a clone of the man. A. Evolution is more efficient than lab experiments. B. Evolution is less efficient than lab experiments. C. Evolution produces better strains. D. Lab experiments produce more strains. A. The woman wants to be coaxed to clone herself. B. Beauty is in the eyes of the beholder. C. Love is blind. D. The man wants copies of the girl through cloning.

新视野大学英语(第二版)读写教程2 -课后翻译习题

Unit1 1、她连水也不愿喝一口，更别提留下来吃饭了。（much less） She wouldn't take a drink much less would she stay for dinner. 2、他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是实话。（whereas） He thought I was lying to him,whereas I was telling the truth . 3、这个星期你每天都迟到，对此你怎么解释？（account for） How do you account for the fact that you have been late everyday this week. 4、他们的利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略。（due to） The increase of their profits is due partly to the their new market strategy. 5、这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。（result in） Such measure are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency 6、我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力，所以我们只能继续。（pour into） We have to carry on because we have already poured a lot of time and energy into this project 1.I don’t think that he would commit robbery ,muchless would he commit Violent robbery. 我认为他不会抢劫,更不用说暴力抢劫了. 2. Men earn ten dollars an hour on average ,whereas women only seven dollars. 男工平均工资每小时10美元,而女工才每小时7美元. 3.Once the balance in nature is disburbed ,it will result in a number of unforeseeable effect. 自然界的平衡一旦遭到破坏,就会带来很多不可预知的影响. 4.The final examinati on is close at hand ; you ‘d better spend more time reading. 期终考试迫在眉睫,你最好多花点时间看书. 5.What is interesting is that consumers find it increasingly difficult to dientify the nationality of certain brands. This is due partly to globalization and partly to changes in the location of production. 有趣的是,消费者发现越来越难以辨别某些品牌的原产国.其部分原因来自于全球化带来的影响,部分原因是由于产地的变化. 6.A recent survey showed that women account fot 40percent of the total workforce. 最近一次调查表明,妇女占总劳动力的40%. Unit3 1、你再怎么有经验，也得学习新技术。 You are never too experienced to learn new techniques. 2、还存在一个问题，那就是派谁去带领哪里的研究工作。（Use an appositional structure) There remains one problem,namely ,who should be sent to head the research there. 3、由于文化的不同，他们的关系在开始确实遇到了一些困难。 There relationship did meet with some difficulty at the beginning because of cultural differences. 4、虽然他经历浮沉，但我始终相信他总有一天会成功的。 Though he has had ups and downs ,I believed all along that he would succeed someday. 5、我对你的说法的真实性有些保留看法。

新视野大学英语课后习题翻译答案

新视野大学英语（第二版）读写教程2 1至7单元课后翻译答案总结 IA：她连水都不愿意喝一口，更别提留下来吃饭了。 She wouldn’t take a drink , much less would she stay for dinner. 他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是实话。 He thought I was lying to him , whereas I was telling the truth. 这个星期你每天都迟到，对此你怎样解释? How do you account for the fact you have been late every day this week？ 他们利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略。 The increase in their profits is due to their new market strategy. 这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率得提高。 Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency. 我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力，所以我们只能继续。 We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project , so we have to carry on. IIA: 尽管她是家里的独生女，他父母也从不溺爱她。 Despite the fact that she is the only child in the family , her parents never baby her .

新视野大学英语 Quiz2

个人测试成绩记录 试卷：视听说教程第二册 编号：Quiz2 试卷满分：100 姓名：学号：班级： 登录：2013-10-23 21:05:04 交卷：2013-10-23 22:18:14 上机地址：180.123.190.185 老师是否已批卷：尚未批卷批卷时间： 图例：Right or marked by instructor Wrong To be marked by instructor Click ONCE on the speaker icon to start listening! 放音结束前请不要离开本页。否则就听不成啦! Part 1 Short dialogs and multiple choice questions (每小题：分) Directions: Listen to the following recording, and then choose the correct answers to the questions you hear. You will hear the recording twice. After the first playing, there will be time for you to choose the correct answers. Use the second playing to check your answers. Questions 1 to 1 are based on the following passage or dialog. 1. A. Security and esteem, but nothing else. B. Only fear, love and sensory pleasure. C. Basic human feelings. D. Advertising principals. Questions 2 to 2 are based on the following passage or dialog. 2.

新视野大学英语book,unit3网上作业读写,听说,答案演示教学

注意事项 Part 1 Cloze (with four choices provided) (每小题：2.5 分) Directions: Read the following passage carefully and choose the best answer from the four choices given for each blank. Questions 1 to 20 are based on the following passage. When I was growing up, I went to Catholic (天主教的) school. Some people think that Catholic schools are 1. for cultivating religious beliefs. However, many Catholic schools concentrate on 2. the behavior of kids who have done poorly in public schools. In public schools there are 3. rules. Rules are plentiful at Catholic schools, and someone is always making sure they are 4. . Most people believe that nuns (修女) are kind women who have 5. their lives to their religion. Our headmaster, Sister Mary Elizabeth, was the meanest woman I 6. met. She smoked and 7. and carried a ruler through the halls. She'd use it to hit students who were not 8. . She even kept an even bigger stick in

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Part 1 Word Dictation (每小题: 1 分; 满分：10 分) 小题得分对错我的答案客观 1. justice 2. beneath 3.faithful 4. restrain 5. reconcile 6. disguise 7. weekday 8. merry 9. index 10.whistle Part 2 Understanding Short Conversations (每小题: 1 分; 满分：5 分) 1.B A B A D Part 3 Understanding Long Conversations (每小题: 1 分; 满分：5 分) D A B B A Part 4 Understanding Passages (每小题: 1 分; 满分：10 分) C B C C D C C B A

A Part 5 Compound Dictation (每小题: 1 分; 满分：10 分) passed passed occupied occupied aware aware prevous previous take up take up advanced advanced recording recording all of the in his dary All of the thoughts that came to mind got put down in his diary when her husband when her husband stopped his habit of leaving his diary around in places she was tempted to open it and see what information she could find inside she was tempted to open it and see what information she could find inside Part 6 Cloze (with four choices provided) (每小题: 1 分; 满分：20 分) reckon set up revolve Much of accomplished preserve build reconcile admitted wreck a few agreeable communicated blossom naturally realistic drained acknowledge pledging customary Part 7 Skimming and Scanning (Multiple Choice + Blank Filling) (每小题: 1 分; 满分：10 分)

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Click ONCE on the speaker icon to start listening! 放音结束前请不要离开本页。否则就听不成啦! Part 1 Understanding Short Conversations (每小题： 分) Directions: In this section you'll hear some short conversations. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questions you hear. Questions 1 to 1 are based on the following passage or dialog. 1. A. The woman has an angel. B. The woman is a new mother. C. The woman is perfect. D. The woman is like a baby. Questions 2 to 2 are based on the following passage or dialog. 2. A. The baby has to worry a lot about little accidents. B. The man has baby-proofed his home. C. An unsafe home is good for a baby. D. The woman is more worried about her baby.

3. A. People are more similar than different. B. Chinese people seem different to Americans. C. Chinese people are very different from Americans. D. People all around the world try to be honest. Questions 4 to 4 are based on the following passage or dialog. 4. A. Leaving school early to go to college. B. A parent not being supportive about going to college. C. Leaving home with a young son. D. A child leaving the home at a young age. Questions 5 to 5 are based on the following passage or dialog. 5. A. The man has taken tours of Europe. B. The woman is better than normal. C. Mozart was a genius. D. Mozart was better than all others. Questions 6 to 6 are based on the following passage or dialog.

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长篇阅读10题，总分值：20分 Directions：You are going to read a passage with 10 statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Proactive Strategies to Build a Social Life A) A lot of people believe that developing a social life is something that should just happen and develop naturally, without you needing to do anything. I disagree. I think that while this can happen for some folks, in certain stages of their life, it’s not always the case, which is why many of us today lack a fulfilling social life. If you’re in college where you get to hang around lots of other people and you’re naturally a social person, your social circle will develop on its own. But if you’re an accountant working in cubicle all day and you’re kind of shy and don’t go out much, your social life may be seriously deficient. B) In my view, building a social life requires the same active and strategic approach that making money or building a career requires. The approach is based on setting goals and acting on them. Coming from this angle, I want to show you some proactive (积极主动的) strategies to build a social life. C) A fulfilling social life looks differently for different people. Some of us need lots of friends and a large social circle. Some of us are more fond of having just a few friends, but who are very close to us. And some prefer a mix of the two. What is your preference Do you know Take some time to think about this and visualize what your ideal social circle would look like. D) Another aspect to think about is what kind of people you want in your social circle. Do you prefer people who are artistic, or people who are tech-oriented People who are outdoorsy or prefer to be

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Vocabulary Unit1. 1.Give the chance to show his ability,he regained confidence and began to succeed in school. 2.It is so difficult to explore the bottom of the ocean because some parts are very deep. 3.It was about30seconds before Alex emerged from the water;we were quite scared. 4.We often assume that when other people do the same things as we do,they do them for the same reasons;but this assumption is not always reasonable. 5.There is widespread concern that the rising unemployment may pose a threat to social stability. 6.After a(n)comprehensive physical exam,my doctor said i was in good condition except that my blood pressure was a little high. 7.It is well known that China is a country with rich natural resources and a very big population. 8.Some people believe that the earth can yield enough food to support at least twice its present population. 9.Sam inherited the gift of imagination from his family,but he lacked the driving power to take action. 10.A bee that found honey is able to transmit to other bees the information they need in other to collect the honey. Unit3. 11.To make our companies competitive in the market,we have to be more creative and productive. 12.People are beginning to realize that to transform nature at will is the biggest mistake that man has ever made. 13.It is difficult to conclude,what a(n)typical student does in his spare time because every student has different interests. 14.A month ago i wrote to the store complaining about its bad service,but i haven’t gotten a(n)response yet. 15.Some of your suggestions have been adopted,but other have been turned down as they are not workable. 16.All of a sudden,he lost his interest in engineering,and focused his attention on learning a foreign language. 17.If a company decreases health benefits for its employees,they should increases salaries to compensate the workers. 18.I failed to pass the exam although i had worked very hard.I should analyze the causes of my failure. 19.When you do yoga,try to regulate your breathing.Don’t breathe too fast and make sure you breathe only through your nose. 20.It was difficult to estimate how many people had been wounded in the earthquake. Unit5. 21.The annual conference which i attend every year is going to be held in London in January next year. 22.According to the terms of your contract,you must give three month’s notice if you intend to leave this company. 23.We were honored that so many people of distinction and talent were present to discuss the issues. 24.The local government has been providing substantial support to them,without which they couldn’t have been so successful. 25.The secret agent promised that the information he furnished was obtained from reliable sources. 26.Whether amateur or professional,American football is perhaps the most popular sport in the US.It attracts a total attendance of over40million and is watched by many more millions on television each year. 27.Shops try to meet the DIY(do-it-yourself)fashion by offering consumers parts and hardware which they