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William Blake——London赏析英文版(威廉布莱克 《伦敦》评析)

William Blake——London赏析英文版(威廉布莱克 《伦敦》评析)
William Blake——London赏析英文版(威廉布莱克 《伦敦》评析)

London

I wander thro’ each charter’d street,

Near where the charter’d Thames does flow.

And mark in every face I meet

Marks of weakness, marks of woe.

In every cry of every Man,

In every Infants cry of fear,

In every voice: in every ban,

The mind-forg’d manacles I hear

How the Chimney-sweepers cry

Every black’ning Church appalls,

And the hapless Soldiers sigh

Runs in blood down Palace walls

But most thro’ midnight streets I hear

How the youthful Harlots curse

Blasts the new-born Infants tear

And blights with plagues the Marriage hearse

The poem London was written by the British poet and engraver William Blake. It has 4 quatrains with alternative lines rhyming. Written in iambic pentameter, the poem is beautifully rhymed.

London deals with the dreadful scene in the industrialized London in the 18th century. In the first stanza, Blake gives an overview of the city and successfully creates the gloomy, dark and suffocating atmosphere. Blake applies varied rhetorical devices in the poem, of which the most striking and significant is repetition. For example, the word “chartered” is reiterated in line 1 and line 2 to emphasize the fact that the streets and river are owned by the wealthy upper class. And the word “mark” occurs in “mark in every face I meet”(line 3) and “mark of weakness, mark of woe”(line 4). The transition of the word “mark”from verb to noun manifests the change of observation to noticeable signs. Every person Blake meets in London is desperate and feeble. What a horrible scene it is!

Repeated appearance of the word “every “in the second stanza stresses the idea that everyone suffers from misery. Blake hears the cry of the grown-ups, and of the infants in fear. Blake perceives the destructive restrictions on people’s mind caused by law and rules. “Mind-forged manacle”is a metaphor. Blake compares limitations with manacles. The expression that Blake hears “manacles” is synesthesia.

In the third stanza Blake satirizes the church and the monarchies. The church walls are becoming black because of pollution; the sound of crying from the chimney sweepers combines with the sigh of soldiers arouses a feeling of fear and scare in me. On account of relentless warfare, soldier’s blood runs down from palace walls where. The thought of the color of scarlet contrasting with the pale walls makes me shivering.

During the midnight, the poet wonders through streets and hears the curse of prostitutes. They

are infected with venereal diseases which pass on to their new-born babies. In the eyes of Blake, in London, marriage and birth, the symbols used to be regarded as revival and vitality, now forebode death. The appalling scene combines with devastating horror and fear reveals the social condition in London.

英国诗歌欣赏期末考试题(附答案)

I.Multiple Choice 1.To commerate the death of his young wife, __________wrote the poem Annabel Lee. a. D.H. Lawrence b. John Milton c. Philip Phreneau d. Edgar Allan Poe 2. In Leisure, ____________ thinks that it is a poor life if “we have no time to stand and stare” a. John Keats b. William Henry Davies c. Alexander Pope d. John Donne 3.. In Amy Lowell’s Falling Snow, the poet says that “When the temple bell rings again/ they will be covered and gone”. “They” here refers to ______ a. the wooden clogs b. footprints c. the pilgrims d. none of the above 4. The “busy archer”in Philip Sydney’s To the Moon refers to____ a. the poet himself b. Cupid c. a comrade-in-arms of the poet d. none of the above 5. “Act____act in the glorious present”is perphaps the most soul-stirring line in _________’s poem A Psalm of Life. a. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow b. Percy Bissy Shelly c. Walt Whitman d. Carl Sandburg 6. In Song of the Rain, _________ paints a rosy picture of happy family life where the poet is “Safe in the House with my boyhood love/ And our children are asleep in the attic above”. a. Kenneth Mackenzie b. Carl Sandburg c. Hugh MacCrae d. Jerard Manley Hopkins 7. “Day brought back my night”is a well-praised phrase from __________’s On His Deceased Wife. a. Edgar Allan Poe b. Robert Frost c. John Milton d. Philip Sydney 8. In James Shirley’s poem Death the Leveller, the word “leveller” means a. something that reduces everything to nothing b. something that brings equality to all c. something that levels the ground d. none of the abov e. 9. What does “Fire” in Robert Frost’s poem Fire and Ice symbolize? a. war b. anger c. love d. desire 10. In John Keat’s poem The Terror of Death, the phrase “unreflecting love” means a. love without calculation b. love without preparation c. love never thought of d. love involving many considerations II.Blank Filling 1.One word is too often ________, For me to ________ it One feeling is too ______distained, For ______ to distain it .

英国文学选读一考试大题必备 重点题目分析(人物分析 诗歌分析 三大主义)

Hamlet is the first work of literature to look squarely at the stupidity, falsity and sham of everyday life, without laughing and without easy answers. In a world where things are not as they seem, Hamlet…s genuineness, thoughtfulness, and sincerity make him special. Hamlet is no saint. But unlike most of the other characters (and most people today), Hamlet chooses not to compromise with evil. Dying, Hamlet reaffirms the tragic dignity of a basically decent person in a bad world Hamlet is the first work of literature to show an ordinary person looking at the futility and wrongs in life, asking the toughest questions and coming up with honest semi-answers like most people do today. Unlike so much of popular culture today, "Hamlet" leaves us with the message that life is indeed worth living, even by imperfect people in an imperfect world. 犹豫scholars have debated for centuries about Hamlet's hesitation in killing his uncle. Some see it as a plot device to prolong the action, and others see it as the result of pressure exerted by the complex philosophical and ethical issues that surround cold-blooded murder, calculated revenge and thwarted desire. More recently, psychoanalytic critics have examined Hamlet's unconscious desires (Freud concludes that Hamlet has an "Oedipal desire for his mother and the subsequent guilt [is] preventing him from murdering the man [Claudius] who has done what he unconsciously wanted to do". Robinson Crusoe is a grand hero in westerners? eyes. He survived in the deserted island and lived a meaningful life. He almost has everything needed for becoming a successful man, such as his excellent creativity, great working capacity, courage, and persistence in overcoming obstacles. But he has shortcomings, too. Sometimes he was irresolute; he was not confident; he was fetishistic, although his belief had done him much good. He serves somehow as a lighthouse for the ambitious people. It?s also instructive for average people. Robinson was the representative of the bourgeois of the 18th C. It was the time when bourgeois grew stronger and stronger. The author Defoe paid a tribute to bourgeois by creating such a rational, powerful, clever, and successful man. 【Themes of Robinson Crusoe】 1. The ambivalence of mastery In short, while Crusoe seems praiseworthy in mastering his fate by overcoming his obstacles, and controlling his environment, the praiseworthiness of his mastery over his fellow human Friday is more doubtful. Defoe explores the link between the two in his depiction of the colonial mind. 2. The necessity of Repentance Crusoe?s experiences constitute not simply an adventure story in which thrilling things happen, but also a moral tale illustrating the right and wrong ways to live one?s life. Crusoe?s story instruct s others in God?s wisdom, and one vital part of this wisdom is the importance of repenting one?s sins. 3. The Importance of Self-Awareness Crusoe?s arrival on the island does not make him revert to a brute existence and he remains conscious of himself at all times. His island existence actually deepens his self-awareness as he withdraws from the external society and turns inward. The idea that the individual must keep a careful reckoning of the state of his own soul is a key point in the Presbyterian doctrine that the aothor took seriously all his life. ·Jane Eyre Charlotte Bronte The protagonist and title character, orphaned as a baby. She is a plain-featured, small and reserved but talented, sympathetic, hard-working, honest and passionate girl. Skilled at studying, drawing, and teaching, she works as a governess at Thornfield Hall and falls in love with her wealthy employer, Edward Rochester. But her strong sense of conscience does not permit her to become his mistress, and she does not return to him until his insane wife is dead and she herself has come into an inheritance. 【Themes of Jane Eyre】 1. Gender relations A particularly important theme in the novel is patriarchalism and Jane…s efforts to assert her own identity within male-dominated society. Among the three of the main male characters,

英国诗歌赏析1(本科)

Sonnet 18 William Shakespeare S hall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer’s lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And of ten is his gold complexion dimm’d; And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance, or n ature’s changing course untrimm’d; But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st; N or shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st: So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this and this gives life to thee Selected Metaphysical poems by John Donne I. THE FLEA Mark but this flea, and mark in this, How little that which thou deniest me is ; It suck'd me first, and now sucks thee, And in this flea our two bloods mingled be. Thou know'st that this cannot be said A sin, nor shame, nor loss of maidenhead; Yet this enjoys before it woo, And pamper'd swells with one blood made of two ; And this, alas ! is more than we would do. O stay, three lives in one flea spare, Where we almost, yea, more than married are. This flea is you and I, and this Our marriage bed, and marriage temple is. Though parents grudge, and you, we're met, And cloister'd in these living walls of jet. Though use make you apt to kill me, Let not to that self-murder added be, And sacrilege, three sins in killing three.

William Blake——London赏析英文版威廉布莱克 《伦敦》评析

London I wander thro’ each charter’d street, Near where the charter’d Thames does flow、 And mark in every face I meet Marks of weakness, marks of woe、 In every cry of every Man, In every Infants cry of fear, In every voice: in every ban, The mind-f org’d manacles I hear How the Chimney-sweepers cry Every black’ning Church appalls, And the hapless Soldiers sigh Runs in blood down Palace walls But most thro’ midnight streets I hear How the youthful Harlots curse Blasts the new-born Infants tear And blights with plagues the Marriage hearse The poem London was written by the British poet and engraver William Blake、It has 4 quatrains with alternative lines rhyming、Written in iambic pentameter, the poem is beautifully rhymed、 London deals with the dreadful scene in the industrialized London in the 18th century、In the first stanza, Blake gives an overview of the city and successfully creates the gloomy, dark and suffocating atmosphere、Blake applies varied rhetorical devices in the poem, of which the most striking and significant is repetition、For example, the word “chartered” is reiterated in line 1 and line 2 to emphasize the fact that the streets and river are owned by the wealthy upper class、And the word “mark” occurs in “mark in every face I meet”(line 3) and “mark of weakness, mark of woe”(line 4)、The transition of the word “mark” from verb to noun manifests the change of observation to noticeable signs、Every person Blake meets in London is desperate and feeble、What a horrible scene it is! Repeated appearance of the word “every “in the second stanza stresses the idea that everyone suffers from misery、Blake hears the cry of the grown-ups, and of the infants in fear、Blake perceives the destructive restrictions on people’s mind caused by law and rules、“Mind-forged manacle” is a metaphor、Blake compares limitations with manacles、The expression that Blake hears “manacles” is synesthesia、 In the third stanza Blake satirizes the church and the monarchies、The church walls are becoming black because of pollution; the sound of crying from the chimney sweepers combines with the sigh of soldiers arouses a feeling of fear and scare in me、On account of relentless warfare, soldier’s blood runs down from palace walls where、The thought of the color of scarlet contrasting with the pale walls makes me shivering、 During the midnight, the poet wonders through streets and hears the curse of prostitutes、They

英美文学欣赏考题整理及答案

Part One:English Poetry 1.William Shakespeare Sonnet 18 ?Why does the poet compare `thee` to a summer?s day? And who could `thee` be? Because summer?s day and thee both represent beauty . thee could be beauty, love. ?What picture have you got of English summer, and could you explain why? Warm, beautiful, sunshine. Because summer is the best season of a year ,the most beautiful season. It is like our May. ?How does the poet answer the question he puts forth in the first line? Thee is more beautiful than summer. ?What makes the poet think that “thou” can be more fair than summer and immortal? Because humanism is more eternal than summer and immortal. ?What figures of speech are used in this poem? Simile, metaphor, personification, oxymoron and so on . ?What is the theme of the poem? Love conquers all, Beauty lives on. 2. Thomas Nashe Spring ?Read the poem carefully, pay attention to those image- bearing words, and see how many images the poet created in the poem and what sense impressions you can get from those images. There is “Blooms each thing, maids dance in a ring, the pretty birds do sing, the palm and may make country houses gay, Lambs frisk' and play, the shepherds pipe all day, And we hear aye birds tune this merry lay, The fields breathe sweet, the daisies kiss our feet, Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit, In every street these tunes bur ears do greet!” The “Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit,”impressions me most because of the harmony of the people?s relationship. ?Can you point out and explain the sound and their musical effect in the poem? In the Poem, each section has four lines, each line has ten syllables ( five tone step ) . In order to give the reader a spring breeze , streams , flowers , winding , Song Xin texture of sound and light flavor, Naixi greater uses English word S , z , f , V , R , L , and θconsonants means. In Naixi's poem, the use of phonological is also very harmonious, very smooth , very mellow. Section I of the poetry has Three pairs [ ing ] , section II of the poem has three pairs [ ei ] and the third quarter has three pairs [ i : ]. 3.John Donne A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning ?What is a “valediction” any way? Is the speaker in the poem about to die? Why does the speaker forbid mourning? No, it is about the lover s?separation. As the poem metaphors, the poet believed he and his wife?s love is sacred, he didn?t hope they cry when separation comes, let their love be stained by the ordinary and mundane.

威廉布莱克《从一颗沙子看世界》(toseeaworldinagrainof

威廉布莱克《从一颗沙子看世界》(to see a world in a grain of... 威廉·布莱克《从一颗沙子看世界》(To see a world in a grain of sand) 2011-03-17 01:07:08 威廉·布莱克(William Blake)是18世纪末、19世纪初的一个英国诗人,活着的时候没人知道,直到20世纪初才被挖掘出来。他在国内最出名就是下面四行诗:To see a world in a grain of sand And a heaven in a wild flower, Hold infinity in the palm of your hand And eternity in an hour.这四行诗的中译,我估计至少有二三十种。下面选贴几种。一沙见世界, 一花窥天堂. 手心握无限, 须臾纳永恒.——译者不详在一颗沙粒中见一个世界, 在一朵鲜花中见一片天空, 在你的掌心里把握无限, 在一个钟点里把握无穷。 ——《布莱克诗集》上海三联,张炽恒译从一粒沙看世界,从一朵花看天堂,

把永恒纳进一个时辰, 把无限握在自己手心。——王佐良一花一世界, 一沙一天国, 君掌盛无边, 刹那含永劫。——宗白华一颗沙里看出一个世界 一朵野花里一座天堂 把无限放在你的手掌上 永恒在一刹那里收藏——《世界上最美丽的英文——人生短篇》但是,这几行诗在欧美并不是那么有名,讲起布莱克的时候,也不把这看作他的代表作。似乎只有中国人才特别迷恋这几句话,我猜想也许因为这首诗跟佛教思想有相通之处有关系。这四行诗选自一首长达132行、名为《天真的预兆》(Auguries of Innocence)的长诗,是开头四行。这首长诗似乎并不重要,没有收在布莱克主要几本诗集里,评论家也不谈,我在网上甚至找不到它是写于哪一年的。William Blake - Auguries of InnocenceTo see a world in a grain of sand, And a heaven in a wild flower, Hold infinity in the palm of your hand, And eternity in an hour.A robin redbreast in a cage Puts all heaven in a rage.A dove-house fill'd with doves and pigeons

威廉布莱克

天真的预示 一颗沙里看出一个世界, 一朵野花里一座天堂, 把无限放在你的手掌上, 永恒在一刹那里收藏。 梁宗岱译 苍蝇 小苍蝇, 你夏天的游戏 给我的手 无心地抹去。 我岂不象你 是一只苍蝇? 你岂不象我 是一个人? 因为我跳舞, 又饮又唱, 直到一只盲手 抹掉我的翅膀。 如果思想是生命 呼吸和力量, 思想的缺乏 便等于死亡, 那么我就是 一只快活的苍蝇, 无论是死, 无论是生。 梁宗岱译

扫烟囱孩子(一) 我母亲死的时候,我还小得很, 我父亲把我拿出来卖给了别人, 我当时还不大喊得清“扫呀,扫,” 我就扫你们烟囱,裹煤屑睡觉。 有个小托姆,头发卷得像小羊头, 剃光的时候,哭得好伤心,好难受, 我就说:“小托姆,不要紧,光了脑袋, 大起来煤屑就不会糟蹋你白头发。” 他就安安静静了,当天夜里, 托姆睡着了,事情就来得稀奇, 他看见千千万万的扫烟囱小孩 阿猫阿狗全都给锁进了黑棺材。 后来来了个天使,拿了把金钥匙, 开棺材放出了孩子们(真是好天使!) 他们就边跳,边笑,边跑过草坪, 到河里洗了澡,太阳里晒得亮晶晶。 光光的,白白的,把袋子都抛个一地, 他们就升上了云端,在风里游戏; “只要你做个好孩子,”天使对托姆说, “上帝会做你的父亲,你永远快乐。” 托姆就醒了;屋子里黑咕隆咚, 我们就起来拿袋子、扫帚去做工。 大清早尽管冷,托姆的心里可温暖; 这叫做:各尽本分,就不怕灾难。 选自《天真之歌》 (卞之琳译) 扫烟囱孩子(二) 风雪里一个满身乌黑的小东西 “扫呀,扫呀”在那里哭哭啼啼!

“你的爹娘上哪儿去了,你讲讲?” “他们呀都去祷告了,上了教堂。 “因为我原先在野地里欢欢喜喜, 我在冬天的雪地里也总是笑嘻嘻, 他们就把我拿晦气的黑衣裳一罩, 他们还教我唱起了悲伤的曲调。 “因为我显得快活,还唱歌,还跳舞, 他们就以为并没有把我害苦, 就跑去赞美了上帝、教士和国王, 夸他们拿我们苦难造成了天堂。” 选自《经验之歌》 (卞之琳译) 老虎 老虎!老虎!黑夜的森林中 燃烧着的煌煌的火光, 是怎样的神手或天眼 造出了你这样的威武堂堂? 你炯炯的两眼中的火 燃烧在多远的天空或深渊? 他乘着怎样的翅膀搏击? 用怎样的手夺来火焰? 又是怎样的膂力,怎样的技巧, 把你的心脏的筋肉捏成? 当你的心脏开始搏动时, 使用怎样猛的手腕和脚胫? 是怎样的槌?怎样的链子? 在怎样的熔炉中炼成你的脑筋? 是怎样的铁砧?怎样的铁臂 敢于捉着这可怖的凶神? 群星投下了他们的投枪。 用它们的眼泪润湿了穹苍, 他是否微笑着欣赏他的作品?

新编英国文学下term+诗歌鉴赏

Grammatical terms (lectures 1--20) 1. The grammar of the English language is organized into five ranks: the sentence, the clause, the phrase, the word and the morpheme. Among them, the morpheme is the minimum or smallest grammatical unit, also the smallest meaningful element of speech. Morphemes fall into two categories: free morpheme and bound morphemes. 2. In terms of word formation, words can be divided into simple words, derivatives and compounds. In terms of grammatical function, words can be divided into two main groups: closed-class words(e.g. preposition, pronoun, determiner, conjunction, auxiliary) and open-class words(e.g. noun, adjective, adverb, main verb). 3. Subject-verb concord refers to the agreement between subject and predicate verb in number. There are three guiding principles; they are grammatical concord, notional concord and principle of proximity. 4. Case is a grammatical category. It denotes the changes in the form of a noun or a pronoun showing its relationship with other words in a sentence. 5. In English, most personal pronouns and interrogative/relative pronoun who have three case forms: the subjective case (like I, you), the objective case (like me, him) and the genitive case (my/mine). 6. An independent genitive can sometimes be used as prepositional complementation (traditionally known as prepositional object). The prepositional phrase (usually an of-phrase) that takes an independent genitive as complementation is called a double genitive. 7. Words that precede any pre-modifying adjectives in a noun phrase and which denote such referential meanings as specific reference, generic reference, definite quantity or indefinite quantity are referred to as determiners. 8. According to the potential position, determiners fall into three subclasses: central determiners (e.g. your, this ), predeterminers (e.g. double, twice) and postdeterminers (e.g. one, second). The articles are the most typical of determiners. 9. According to the different rules played in the formation of verb phrases, verbs are divided into two major classes: main verbs and auxiliaries. According to lexical meaning, main verbs may be dynamic and stative. Auxiliaries fall into three categories:primary auxiliaries, modal auxiliaries and semi-auxiliarie s. 10. English main verbs have two finite forms and three non-finite forms. The two finite forms are the present tense and the past tense; the three non-finite forms are the infinitive (including the bare infinitive and the to-infinitive), the –ing participle and the –ed participle. 11.English verbs have two tenses: the present tense and the past tense. 12.Aspect as a grammatical term indicates whether an action or state at a given time is viewed as complete or incomplete. English verbs have two aspects: the progressive aspect and the perfective aspect. 13. Mood as a grammatical category, is a finite verb form that indicates whether an utterance expresses a fact (indicative mood), a command or request (imperative mood), or a non-fact and hypothesis (subjunctive mood). There are two forms of subjunctive mood: be-subjunctive and were-subjunctive. 14. Voice is a grammatical category. It is a form of the verb which shows whether the subject of a sentence acts or is acted on.

英国文学Sonnet 29赏析

Sonnet 29 When,in disgrace with fortune and man's eyes I all alone beweep my outcast state And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries And look upon my self and curse my fate Wishing me like to one more rich in hope Featured like him,like him with friends possess'd Desiring this man's art and that man's scope With what I most enjoy contented least Yet in these thought myself almost despising Haply I think on thee,and then my state Like to the lark at break of day arising From sullen earth sings hymns at heaven's gate For thy sweet love remember'd such wealth brings That then I scorn to change my state with kings This is one of shakespeare's more ambiguous sonnets :one does not know who the speaker is referring to or if the word "love"in this sonnet refers to a romantic love or a platonic love. The whole poem expresses the changes of the author's inner feelings,which are from disappoint to hopeful,from negative to positive ,from desperate to attectionate ,from self-abased to confident. discloses the desire of appetite ,lust and power and proposes that appetite is the basic desire ,lust has its own duality ,the desire for power is a danger and finally the paper gives a way to deal with the desires. It is a poem which helps us sense the greatness of love,which is the center of his life,the sunshine on a cloudy day.

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