英语寒假补课第 二 课时

英语寒假补课第二课时

（2）形容词、副词考点集汇，讲解和训练

【名师点睛】

一、形容词：用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。

1、形容词的句法作用：作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。

2、形容词在句子中的位置：

?作定语时放在名词的前面

．．．．．．．．．．。形容词修饰名词。

如：a big yellow wooden Chinese ship(一个黄色的大型中国木船)

★前置形容词（作定语）的顺序为：

冠词+描述性形容词（pretty/ugly/kind等）+表特征形容词（大形新年色）+专属形容词（国籍等）+材料+名词?作表语时放在连系动词之后，构成系表结构。如：The idea sounds great.

连系动词主要有：be(am, is, are), look(看起来), sound（听起来）, smell（闻起来）, taste（尝起来）, feel（感到，摸起来）.

?作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。

如：We must try our best to keep our environment clean.

★keep/find/make/think+宾语+形容词（作宾补）

?后置的情况：

①形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后面。

如：Something serious has happened to him.(他发生了严重的事故)

②与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。

如：He’s 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。)

The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球离地38万公里)

(5) the＋形容词表示一类人或物The rich should help the poor.

3、有关形容词的用法辨析：

?whole与all：记住两个词序：①the whole + 名词；②all (of) the + 名词。如：He was busy the whole morning.(整个早晨他都很忙) / He can remember all the words he learns.(他能记住学过的所有单词)

?tall与high, short与low：指人的个子（树、楼）时用tall与short；指其他事物（含价格price时）一般用high 与low。如：He’s very tall/short.(他个子高/矮) / Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.(大道的两侧有高大的树木) / A few people live on high mountains.(少量的人住在高山上)

? real与true：real一般指东西的真假,译为“真的”；而true则指事情或消息的可靠性,译为“真实的”。如：This is a real diamond(钻石) and it’s very expensive.(这是货真价实的钻石,非常贵) / --Is that true?—Yes. I heard it with my own ears.(那真实吗？是的,我亲耳所听)

?interested与interesting的区别：interesting指人或东西“有趣的

．．．．．．,而interested则表示人对别的

．．．”,作定语或表语

事物“感兴趣的

．．．．．。如：The man is very interesting and all the children like him. (这个人很有趣,孩子．．．．”,只能作表语

们都喜欢他)/ This book is interesting and you can really enjoy yourself.(这本书很有趣,你会真正获得享受) / I am interested in science.(我对自然科学感兴趣) （excited/exciting; bored/boring等类似）

?such用法：such + a(n) + adj. +名词(单数)(+that从句)。如：I have never seen such a foolish boy.(我从来没有见过这么蠢的男孩) / He had such a terrible accident that he could never forget it.(他遭遇了这么可怕的事故,他永远也不会忘记)

?good与well：表示“好”时,作定语或表语用good, good只能作形容词，修饰动词作状语时用副词well；well表示“(身体)好”时是形容词.

如：Doing sports is good for us.(进行运动对我们有益) / Study well and make progress every day.(好好学习,天天向上) / --How are you?—I am very well.(你好吗？我很好。)

?nice与fine：的区别：nice表示令人愉快的,可以指东西、人物外表等；fine一般指身体或天气好。如：Let’s go and share(分享) the nice cake.(我们去分享那块美味的蛋糕吧) / She is a nice girl.(他是个漂亮的姑娘) / What a fine day!(多好的天气！)

?too much与much too：too much表示“太多的”,修饰不可数名词，表数量；much too表示“太”,修饰形容词或副词，表程度。如：I am full because I have had too much rice.(我饱了,因为我吃了太多的米饭) / That coat is much too dear.(那件大衣太贵了)

?quick、fast与soon：quick与fast基本同义,quick往往指反应速度快,fast往往指运动速度快,而soon则表示时间上很快即将发生（将来时）。如：After a quick breakfast, he hurried to school leaving his bag at home.(匆匆地吃过早饭,他朝学校赶去,却把书包忘记在家) / A train is much faster than a bus.(火车比公共汽车快得多) / His father will be back to China very soon.(他父亲很快就要返回中国)

?lonely与alone：lonely是表示心理活动的形容词,意思是：“孤独的,寂寞的；荒凉的”,作定语或表语；alone的意思是：“独自的,单独的”,指无人陪伴,仅作表语,(作为副词的alone可作状语)。如：He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely.(他一人独住,但是并不感到孤独)/ He is a lonely person. You can not easily get on well with him.(他是个孤独的人,你要和他相处好实在不易)

⑴other与else的区别：两个词都可以作形容词,但是用法不同,other放在名词前；else修饰不定代词、疑问代词

时else后置。如：The other students are on the playground.(其他学生在操场上) / Who else can work out this maths problem?(还有谁能解出着道数学题？) / This is nobody else’s money. It’s mine.(这不是别的什么人的钱,是我的。) / Do you have anything else to say for yourself?(你还有什么要为自己说的吗？

⑵gone、lost、missing的区别：gone表示“丢了,没了”,含一去不复返的意思,也可以表示“死了”,作表语或宾补,

不可以作定语；lost表示“丢失”,含难以找回的意思,可作定语、表语或宾补；missing表示“失踪了,不见了”,强调某人物不在原处,可作定语、表语或宾补。如：My fever(高烧) is gone, but I still have a cough.(发烧消退了,但我仍然咳嗽) / The parents found the lost child at last.(家长终于找到了迷路的孩子) / My dictionary is missing. Who’s taken it away?(我的字典不见了,谁拿走了？) / For more detailed information(详情) of the missing girls, please visit our website(网站).(如果想知道失踪女孩们的详情,请访问我们的网站)

⑶living、alive、live、lively的区别：四个词都来源于动词live“生活、居住”。

living读[…livi n]主要含义：“活着的、现存的”,常作定语，修饰名词.(living things)

live读[laiv],可作adj/adv. 意为：以现场直播的方式(be covered live).

alive读[[…laiv]常作表语,指人“活着的”；The old man is still alive.

lively读[…laivli]有三个意思：①有生气的、活泼的、快活的,②(色彩)鲜艳的, ③生动的、真实的。

⑷sick与ill区别：sick和ill都表示“生病的”,但是,sick可以做定语、表语,而ill只能做表语。如：He has been ill/sick for a long time and he is very weak now.(他病了很久,现在非常虚弱) / V ets help treat sick pets and most of the pets’ owners like them.(兽医帮助诊治患病的宠物,很受宠物主人们的喜爱)

⑸the poor(穷人们) / the rich(富人们)等用法：“the+形容词”这一结构可以表示一类人物,复数含义。如：We must try our best to help the poor.(我们应该尽力帮助穷人们) / The rich never know how the poor are living.(有钱人哪知穷人怎么过日子)

2. 副词的用法

(1) 副词在句中可作状语,表语和定语。

He studies very hard. （作状语）

Life here is full of joy. （作定语）

When will you be back? （作表语）

副词按其用途和含义可分为：

时间副词频度副词地点/方位副

词

程度副词

方式副

词

疑问/连接副

词

其他副词

today, tomorrow, once, here, there, very, too, well, how, too, also, yesterday, now, twice, home, below, enough, hard, where, nor, so, then, early, late, always, anywhere, rather, quite, alone, when, as, on, off,

once, soon, just, usually, above,

outside,

how, so, fast, why, either,

tonight, long, often, in, inside,

out,

much, just, together, whether yes, no,

already, yet, before, sometimes

,

back, up,

down,

nearly, only suddenly, however, etc. not, neither

ago, later, ever

since never, away, off, far,

almost,

hardly,

-ly结尾关系副词maybe,

after, whenever (seldom), near, nearby, as long as

等,

的副词where, perhaps,

first, someday, ever, wherever even, all, why, how certainly,

sometime, last, everywhere, a little, a bit when,

(2)副词在句中的位置

在句子中的位置以及作用：

★（副词可以修饰动词、形容词或副词，也可放句首修饰整个句子。）

?作状语：

①时间副词：一般放在句首或句尾,注意,early、late、before、later、yet等一般放在句尾,already、just一般

放在动词的前面。

②频度副词：一般放在be动词之后或者助动词与主要动词之间,但sometimes、often等还可以放在句首或句

尾,usually可放在句首,once可放在句尾,twice、three times等一般放在句尾。

③方式副词：一般放在行为动之后,suddenly可以放在句首、句尾或动词之前。如：Old people can hardly walk

as quickly as young people.(老年人几乎不可能走得和年轻人一样快)/ Suddenly he saw a light in the dark cave(山洞).(突然,在黑黢黢的山洞里,他看见了一丝亮光)

④地点副词：一般放在句尾,但here、there还可放在句首。如：There you can see thousands of bikes running

in all directions(方向).(在那里,你可以看到成千上万的自行车朝各个方向流动)/ The frightened wolf ran away.(受到惊吓的狼逃开了)/ He walked out quietly and turned back soon.(他悄悄地走了出去,很快又返回) ★⑤程度副词：修饰动词时,放在动词之前；修饰形容词或副词时,放在形容词或副词之前。但注意,enough 总是放在被修饰的形容词或动词的后面；only位置比较灵活,总是放在被修饰的词的前面。如：I nearly forgot all about it if he did not tell me again.(如果他不再次告诉我,我几乎把那事全忘了) / It was so strange that I could hardly believe my ears.(它那么奇怪一直我都不能相信我的耳朵) / She got to the station early enough to catch the first bus.(她早早地赶到车站赶上了首班车)

⑥疑问副词：用于对句子的状语进行提问,位置总是在句首。如：When and where were you born?(你何时何

地出生？)/ Why did little Edison sit on some eggs?(小爱迪生为什么要坐在鸡蛋上？)/ How do you do?(你好！)

⑦连接副词：用来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,在从句中作状语。How I am going to kill the cat is still

a question.(我打算怎样杀死那只猫还是个问题)/ That is why everyone is afraid of the tiger.(那就是人人都害

怕老虎的原因) / He wondered how he could do it the next day.(他不知道第二天怎样做那事)

⑧关系副词：用来引导定语从句,在从句中作状语。如：This is the place where Mr Zhang once lived.(这就是张先生曾经住过的地方)/ Please tell me the way how you have learned English so well.(请告诉我你的英语是怎样学得这么好的方法)

⑨其它副词：too“也”,用在句尾；also放在动词前；either“也”（用于否定句）,放在句尾；nor“也不”,放在句首；so“如此,这样”,放在形容词、副词前；on/off“开/关”放在动词之后；not放在be之后、助动词之后、不定式或动名词之前；maybe/perhaps放在句首；certainly放在句首或动词之前。如：He went to the Palace Museum and I went there,too.(他去了故宫博物院,我也去了) / Maybe your ticket is in your inside pocket.(也许你的票就在你的里边衣袋里) / --Tom doesn’t have a computer. –Nor do I.(汤姆没有计算机,我也没有。)

(2)作表语：地点副词一般可以作表语,放在be等连系动词之后,说明人物所处的位置。如：I’m very sorry he isn’t in at the moment.(很抱歉,他此刻不在家)/ I have been away from my hometown for nearly 20 years.(我离开家乡有将近20年了) / Jim is over there.(吉姆就在那边)

(3)作定语：时间副词(如now、then)以及许多地点副词都可以作名词的定语,放在名词的后面。如：People now often have their festival dinners at restaurants.(现在的人们经常在餐馆里吃节日晚宴)/ Women there were living a terrible life in the 1920s.(在二十世纪20年代那儿的女人过着可怕的日子)

(4)作宾语补足语：地点副词一般可以作宾语补足语。如：Put your dirty socks away, Jim! They are giving out bad smell!(吉姆,把你的脏袜子拿开！它们在散发着臭气。) / Father kept him in and doing his lessons.(父亲把他关在家里做作业)

★[注意] “动词+副词”的宾语如果是代词,则代词放在动词与副词之间，如果宾语是名词则可以放中间，也可放后面。如：He wrote down the word.(他写下了那个词。)→He wrote it down.(他把它写了下来。) ★类似的有：put it/them on take it/them off

turn it/them on/off hand it/them in

3、有关副词的重要注释：

?as…as…常构成一些词组：as soon as…(一旦…就…), as well as…(同样), as+形容词/副词+as possible(尽可能……地)。如：Please ring me up as soon as you get to Beijing.(请你一到北京就给我写信。)/ Miss Gao hurried to the school gate as quickly as possible.(高小姐尽快地赶到了校门口。)

[注释]“as long / much as + 名词”可以表示“长达/多达…”的含义。如：The house costs as much as five hundred thousand yuan.(那幢房子花费高达50万元。)/ They stayed in the cave(山洞)as long as two weeks.(他们呆在山洞里长达两周。)

?later、after、ago、before的用法：①“一段时间+later/ago”分别表示“(多久)以后/以前”,主要用于过去时态。

②“after/before+某个时刻”分别表示“在某时刻之后/之前”,此时两个词是介词。③ago与before：ago只能用于过去时,before用于完成时。如：He had an accident a week ago.(一周前出了一个事故)/ Some years later, the boy became a very famous singer.(数年后这个男孩成了著名的歌唱家)/ Have you been there before?(你从前到过那儿吗？)/ After a few years he gave up smoking.(过了几年他戒了烟。)

?above、below、over、under的用法：在上下方用above和below,在高低处用或正上下方over和under.如：The stars are high above in the sky.(星星高挂在空中) / A plane flew over quickly.(一架飞机从头顶飞过。)

当above、below、over、under是介词性质时,意义相似。

?too、also、either、nor的用法：too(“也”)用于肯定句和疑问句的末尾,且用逗号隔开；also(“也”)用于肯定句句子谓语动词之前；either(“也”)用于否定句末尾,也用逗号隔开；nor/neither(“也不”)用于否定倒装句句首；如：Are you American, too?(你也是美国人吗？)/ He is not happy and I am not happy, either.(他不愉快,我也不。)/ He didn’t watch the football game. Nor did I.(他没有看足球赛,我也没有。)/ You can also find the market is very good.(你还可以发觉那个市场很好。)

★?enough、too、so、very、quite、very much的用法：enough(“足够,十分”)放在形容词或副词之后；too(“太”)、

very(“非常”)、quite(“相当”)、so(“如此地”)等放在形容词或副词之前,very much(“非常”)放在动词之后。

如：It’s too/so/very/quite expensive.(它太贵/那么贵/非常贵/相当贵。)/ I don’t like sweets very much.(我不很喜欢糖果)

★?sometimes、sometime、some times 、some time的用法：sometimes(有时)用于一般现在时、sometime(在将来某时)用于将来时、some times(数次)表示次数、some time(一些时间)表示一段时间。

如：Sometimes they go hiking in the mountains.(他们有时徒步旅行到山里去)/ I will stay here some time.(我会在这儿呆些时候的。)/ I will meet your father sometime.(我什么时候要见见你的父亲。)

★?already、yet的用法：在完成时中,already一般用于肯定句,yet一般用于否定句和疑问句。

如：Have you done it already?(你已经做好了？) / I have not had my breakfast yet.(我还没有吃早饭呢。)

★?hard与hardly的用法：hard作为副词意思是：“努力地,猛烈地”,hardly是否定词,意思是：“几乎不”,一般与情态动词can/could连用。

如：They study English very hard.(他们英语学得很刻苦)/ You can hardly see a person spit in a public place.(在公共场所你几乎看不到一个人随地吐痰)

★?“quite/rather/what+a+形容词+名词”的用法：记住：①quite/such/what...+a+形容词+名词;②too/so/how+形容词+a+名词;如：I have never seen such a strange guy(家伙).(我从未见过这样奇怪的家伙) It is quite a nice day for a walk.(这真是散步的好日子)

★?how的几个短语：how often“多常,每隔多久”,用于一般时态,对表示频度的词语进行提问；how soon“多久以后”,用于将来时态，对in引导的一段时间提问；how long“多久”,用于过去时、完成时或其他时态，常对于for或since引导的时间状语提问；how many times“多少次”,用于过去时或完成时,对总计次数进行提问；how much“多么,多少”,对程度进行提问,也可以对数量(不可数)或金钱进行提问。如：How long have you been like this?(你这样已经多久了？)/ How often does he wash his face?(他每隔多久洗一次脸？)

★⑴被动语态中,方式副词一般放在be与谓语动词之间。

如：The runner was badly hurt.(赛跑运动员受了重伤)

English is widely spoken in the world today.(如今世界上英语说得很广泛)

★⑵too...to...与so...that...的问题：副词too/so后面跟形容词或副词,to后面跟动词,that后面跟从句。Too...to... (“太.……以致不……”)是否定的结构,用于简单句；so...that...(“如此…以致…”)是肯定结构,用于复合句。如：The child is too young to join the army.(这孩子年龄太小还不能参军)/ He is so strong that he can lift the heavy box.(他这么强壮,搬得动那个重箱子。)

★⑶既是形容词也是副词的单词有：early, late, long, last, next, first, near, enough, much, all, hard, alone, fast, slow, high, low, straight等等。如：It was a long holiday.(那是个长假)/ He stayed there very long.(他在那儿呆了好久)/ Think hard then you will find a way.(好好想你就会找到办法)/ He is a very hard(难对付的) person.(他是个难玩的家伙)

★⑷farther与further的用法区别：表示地点、方向或距离时两个词同义,意思为“更远、较远”,但是further 还表示抽象概念：“更多、进一步、额外”等意思,此时不能换为farther. 如：They decided to go farther/further the next day.(他们决定第二天走得再远些)/ This problem will be further discussed.(这个问题还要进一步讨论)/ Every one of them had their further studies after they left college.(他们每个人大学毕业后继续进修)

★⑸ specially 和especially区别：specially意为“专门的，特别地”；special较为常用；另外,special还可以表示特别的目的。especially, 意为“尤其，特别地”,前面常有逗号。

如：Action films have a bad effect on people, especially teenagers.

The stress was specially designed for you.

★⑹most、mostly的区别：most作为形容词和名词时意思是“大多数的、大部分的”,作为副词时意思为“最,十分、很”；mostly仅为副词,意思为“主要地、多半地、大部分地”。如：I was at home most of the time when

I was free.(我有空时大部分时间都在家)Most children are naughty.(大部分的孩子都淘气)/ This is the most

exciting part of the film.(这是电影中最令人兴奋的部分)/She is mostly out on Sundays.(星期天她一般不在家) ★⑺(be) worth、(be) worthy of的区别：worth一般被看作是介词,后面接名词或者动名词,用主动表示被动含义,还可以用副词well修饰；worthy of表示“值得的、配得上的”,后面跟动名词的被动形式。如：The house is worth ￥300,000.(房子价值30万元)/ This book is well worth reading several times.(这本书值得好好读几遍)/ It is a thing worthy of being seen.(这是一个值得看的东西)

★⑻)almost、nearly的区别：两个词意思相近,都表示“几乎、将近”,大多数情况下可以互换,与否定词连用时用almost不用nearly. almost not相当于hardly (几乎没有)。

★⑼a bit与a little的区别：这两个名词短语经常当作副词使用,修饰形容词或副词的原级或比较级,可以互换,语气比rather弱。如：This digital camera is a bit(a little) expensive.(这台数码相机有点贵)/ It is a little(a bit) colder than yesterday.(今天比昨天冷了点)

另外,a little可以直接加不可数名词,a bit则采用“a bit + of +名词(不可数或可数名词复数)”的形式。如：I have got a bit of a cold.(我有点感冒)/ Go and get a little water for me, please.(请你去给我搞点水来)

★[注意]not a bit(=not at all)意为“根本不”,而not a little则意为“非常,不是一点”。

★⑽可以修饰比较级的几个副词：much; a little, a bit, a lot, even, far等。

三、形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级

1、分类：形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。

原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

2、规则变化:

(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。

a)直接加er,est ：

b)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加er,est：

c)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est：

(2)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more / most.

3. 不规则变化:

原级比较级最高级

good好的

better更好的best最好的

well好；(身体)好的,

bad, badly糟糕的,糟糕地worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地；

(身体)更不舒服的worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的

ill(身体)不舒服的

many许多的(可数)

more更多的；更most最多的；最much许多的(不可数)；非常

little少的less更少的least最少的

far远的；远地farther更远的；更远地farthest最远的；最远地further进一步的(地) furthest最深刻的(地)

4、形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法：

(1)讲述某人/物自身的情况时,用原级。基本句型是：

主语(sb./sth) + 谓语动词+ (very/too/so/quite/rather…) + 形容词/副词原级+…

如：He is very old now.(他现在很老了) / They ran quite fast.(它们跑得相当快) / The weather looks rather bad.(天气看上去相当糟) / I am so happy!

☆表示两者之间没有差别时,使用句型：主语(A)+ 谓语动词+ as + 形容词/副词原级+ as + B +…

如：He is as excited as his younger sister.(他和他妹妹一样兴奋)/

Lily rode her bike as slowly as an old lady.(莉莉骑车像老太太一样慢)

They picked as many apples as the farmers (did).

☆表示第一个人比不上第二个人时,使用句型：

主语(A) + 谓语动词(否定式) + as / so + 形容词/副词原级+ as + B +….

★这种结构可与less …than…结构互换

如：He is not so / as excited as his younger sister.(他没他妹妹那么兴奋) / Lily did not ride her bike so / as slowly as an old lady. (莉莉骑车不像老太太那样慢) / They didn’t pick so / as many apples as the farmers (did). (他们摘的苹果不如农民多)

(2) 讲述两者有差异,第一个人物超过第二个人物时,用比较级。基本句型：

主语(…A?)+谓语动词+(much/a little/even/still)+形容词/副词比较级+than+ (…B?)+….

如：A modern train is much faster than a car.(现代的火车比轿车快多了)

This book didn’t cost me more than that one.(这本书花费我的钱不比那本多)

讲述两者有差异,第一个人物不及第二个人物时,用比较级。句型是：

主语(…A?) + 谓语动词+ less+ (形/副)比较级+ than + 第二个人物(…B?)+….

如：I think English is less difficult than maths.(我认为英语不比数学难)

Do you think it less important to learn a foreign language?(你认为学外语不那么重要吗？)

(3)讲述某人/物是一群之中最突出的一个时,用最高级。句型是：

主语(sb./sth) + 谓语动词+(the) +形容词/副词最高级+in / of ….

如：The Changjiang River is the longest in China.(长江是中国最长的河流)

He jumped (the) highest of the three (boys).(三个男生中他跳得最高)

5、关于比较等级的重要注释：

★①、以上六个句型中,如果动词是及物或不及物动词,则后面用副词；如果后面是连系动词,则后面用形容词。如：This car is the fastest of the four.(形容词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中最快的)/ This car runs (the) fastest of the four.(副词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中跑得最快的)

★②、“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。

如：The weather is getting warmer and warmer.(天越来越温暖了)

★③、“the+比较级…,the+比较级…”表示“越…就越…”。

如：The more trees we plant, the better it will be.(我们栽的树越多,情况就会越好)/

The harder you work, the greater your progress is.(你越是努力,进步就越大)

★④、more than / less than分别可以理解为“多于/少于”,相当于副词,more than=over;

less than=under.如：I lived in New York for more than four months.

★⑤、“one of the +最高级+名词(复数)”整个短语为单数含义,谓语要用单数形式。

如：One of the oldest houses has been burnt in a fire.

★⑥、上下文中含有both/either/neither/two/twins等表示两个事物的词时,用比较级,而且往往还要加the；含有all/none/no one/ every等表示三个或三个以上事物时,用最高级。如：--Do you like the smaller one? —Neither.(小一点的那个你喜欢吗？一个都不喜欢)/ --Which do you like best? –All of them!(你最喜欢哪个？全部。)

6、形容词比较级与最高级的特殊用法举例：

①His bike is newer than hers. (见到than 必须用比较级)

②Jim is the tallest in our class.(在班集等集体内用介词in来表示比较的范围)

③ Jim is the tallest of all (the students). (见到of all 要用最高级)

= Of all the students, Jim is the tallest.

④ Jim is the tallest of the three. (见到of the three要用最高级)

⑤Which is bigger, a tiger or a monkey ? (两者比用比较级)

⑥Which is the biggest, a tiger, a dog or a monkey ?（三者或三者以上比用最高级）

⑦This ruler is short , Please give me a longer one.

⑧I?d like the bigger (one)of the two cakes.

⑩Tom is two years older than I. 汤姆比我大两岁。

Tom is twice as old as I. 汤姆的年龄是我的两倍。

⑴The number of the students in our school is bigger/larger/smaller than yours.

我们学校的学生数目比你们学校大/小。（两个数量/目只级比较大小，不能比较多少）(价格price只能比较高低，不能比较贵或便宜)

7、比较级与最高级的互换

①．Jim is taller than any other boy in our class.(吉姆比我们班上任何一个男孩都高)

= Jim is taller than t he other boys in our class.(在我们班上吉姆其它的男孩高)

= Jim is taller than any of the other boys in our class.

= Jim is the tallest boy in our class.（吉姆是我们班最高的）

②. Jim is taller than any girl in our class.（吉姆比我们班的任何一个女孩都高）

③.Tom isn?t as/so tall as Mike. = T om is shorter than Mike.= Mike is taller than Tom.= Tom is less tall than Mike.

④.This book is n?t as/so interesting as that book.

=This book is less interesting than that book.

=That book is more interesting than this book.

8、比较级前常用的修饰语

比较级前常用a bit/a little（一点），much/a lot（非常）,even/far(更加),stil l等词语表示程度。而表示

数量的more之前还可以加some/ any/ no/ one/ two/ many/ several/ a lot等词。例如：

①She is a little taller than I (me).

②Rose is much more careful than Tom..

③Would you like some more coffee?(你还要些咖啡吗？)

He did not eat any more.(他没有再吃)

9、使用形容词和副词比较级和最高级应注意事项

1). than必须放在形容词比较级的后面。

2). 形容词的最高级前必须有the, 而副词的最高级前the可以省略。

3). 在进行比较时，必须是同类事物相比较。

①His ruler is longer than I. (错)

②His ruler is longer than mine.(对)

【实例解析】

1. (2004年北京市中考试题)

( D )---Which is ________, the sun, the moon or the earth?

---Of course the moon is.

A. small

B. smaller

C. smallest

D. the smallest

2. (2004年上海徐汇区中考试题)

( B )He has made _______ progress this term than before.

A. little

B. less

C. fewer

D. much

3. (2004年江西省中考试题)

( B ) ---What delicious cakes! ---They would taste _______ with butter.

A. good

B. better

C. bad

D. worse

4. (2004年河北省中考试题)

( B ) Bob never does his homework ________ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.

A. so careful as

B. as carefully as

C. carefully as

D. as careful as

【中考演练】

一. 单项填空

( C ) 1．There are many young trees on sides of the road.

A. every

B. each

C. both

D. all

( C ) 2．--- It?s so cold today.

--- Yes, it?s than it was yesterday.

A. more cold

B. more colder

C. much colder

D. cold

( D ) 3．Little Tom has friends, so he often plays alone.

A. more

B. a little

C. many

D. few

( B ) 4．She isn?t so at maths as you are.

A. well

B. good

C. better

D. best

( B ) 5．Peter writes of the three.

A. better

B. best

C. good

D. well

( C ) 6．He is enough to carry the heavy box.

A. stronger

B. much stronger

C. strong

D. the strongest

( B ) 7．I bought exercise-books with money.

A. a few; a few

B. a few; a little

C. a little; a few

D. a little; a little

( A ) 8．The box is heavy for the girl carry.

A. too; to

B. to; too

C. so; that

D. no; to

( C ) 9．The ice in the lake is about one meter . It?s strong enough to skate on.

A. long

B. high

C. thick

D. wide

( B ) 10．Wu Lin ran faster than the other boys in the sports meeting.

A. so

B. much

C. very

D. too

(A ) 11. Jone looks so _______ today because she has got an “A” in her math s test.

A. happy

B. happily

C. angry

D. angrily

( B ) 12. The smile on my father?s face showed that he was ______ with me.

A. sad

B. pleased

C. angry

D. sorry

( C ) 13. ---Mum, could you buy me a dress like this?

---Certainly, we can buy ______ one than this, but ______ this.

A. a better; better than

B. a worse; as good as

C. a cheaper; as good as

D. a more important; good as ( D ) 14. ---This digital camera is really cheap! ---The ______ the better. I?m short of money, you s ee.

A. cheap

B. cheaper

C. expensive

D. more expensive

( A ) 15. If you want to learn English well, you must use it as _______ as possible.

A. often

B. long

C. hard

D. soon

( C ) 16. Paul has ______ friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.

A. many

B. some

C. few

D. more

( B ) 17. English people _____ use Mr. Before a man?s first name.

A. never

B. usually

C. often

D. sometimes

( D ) 18. ---One more satellite was sent up into space in China in May.

---Right. The government spoke ______ that.

A. highly for

B. high of

C. well of

D. highly of

( C ) 19. ---Remember this, children. ______ careful you are, ______ mistakes you will make.

---We know, Miss Gao.

A. The more; the more

B. The fewer; the more

C. The more; the fewer

D. The less; the less ( B ) 20. I have ________ to do today.

A. anything important

B. something important

C. important nothing

D. important something

二. 用所给单词的适当形式填空

1. My purse was stolen on the bus yesterday. __Luckily________ (lucky), there was no money in it.

2. Mobile phones are _____widely________ (wide) used in most of the cities in China.

3. He put on his coat and went out ____quickly________ (quick).

4. She is ___better_______ (good) than Li Ping at swimming.

5. A lot Chinese people are ____proud_______ (pride) of Yao Ming, a famous basketball star in NBA.

6. To our surprise, he suddenly returned on a cold ____snowy______ (snow) night.

7. Allie asked me ___to be polite_______ (polite) to put the things away.

8. It?s snowing hard. You must drive ______carefully______ (careful).

9. The earth we live on is ___bigger________ (big) than the moon.

10. Hainan is a very large island. It?s the second ___largest_________ (large) island in China.

11. The sea looks beautiful in a ___sunny_________ day. (sun)

12. We are very _______ with that ___pleasant______ trip. (please)

13. I?m _______ (true) sorry, but I feel even ___worse___ (bad) today than yesterday.

14.The chair is broken, so it is __________ to sit on. (comfortable)

15.Lucy is slim and her sister is even__slimmer___________(slim)

16. There are some ___weatern_________ (west) restaurant in this city.

17. This kind of milk tastes really ____fantistic_________. (极好的)

18. There is __________ (little) air ___________ (pollute) in Yangzhou now.

19The plane will land on the airport ___________. Please pay attention to your own ____safety______. (安全)

20.You?d better speak __politely________to the old people. (polite)

21. Helen?s _________ (smile) eyes make her ___________ (beauty).

22.----Do you think he is ___honest_____ (honesty)? ---- Yes, he is a _true_______ (truly) friend.

23.Can you spell the word _____________(correct)?

24. Tim has _________ rice than Mike. He has the __________ rice of the three. (little)

25.If you want to keep ________(health), you must eat __________. (health)

26.He is one of the most ____________ （流行的）_______(sing) at the moment.

27. ___________(sad), I failed in the English exam again.

28.Linda has a _____________(锋利) knife and it cuts ____________(good).