21世纪工程硕士研究生英语1-6cloze

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The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People: Powerful Lessons in Personal Change was a groundbreaker when it was first published in 1990, and it continues to be a business bestseller with more than 10 million copies sold. Stephen Covey, an internationally respected leadership authority, realizes that true success encompasses a balance of personal and professional effectiveness, so this book is a manual for performing better in both arenas. His anecdotes are as frequently from family situations as from business challenges.

Before you can adopt the seven habits, you ll need to accomplish what Covey calls a "paradigm shift"--a change in perception and interpretation of how the world works. Covey takes you through this change, which affects how you perceive and act regarding productivity, time management, positive thinking, developing your "proactive muscles" (acting with initiative rather than reacting), and much more.

This isn t a quick-tips-start-tomorrow kind of book. The concepts are sometimes intricate, and you ll want to study this book, not skim it. When you finish, you ll probably have Post-it notes or hand-written annotations in every chapter, and you ll feel like you ve taken a powerful seminar by Covey

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Malleahiliiy(可变性)of Intelligence

Historically intelligence has been regarded as a fixed trait; some- thing that we are born with based entirely upon our genes.It was believed that intelligence was based entirely upon our genes.However, this viewpoint has recently come under much discussion, with some researchers now believing that intelligence has little genetic basis---if any. Most researchers take an intermediate stance(姿态).

Various techniques have been Used to assess the genetic nature of intelligence.

Qccasionally identical twins are separated at birth. If the twins are raised apart, then they have experienced different environments, and the only thing they have in common is their identical genetic make-up. Therefore, the correlation between their performances on intelligence tests can be a reasonably accurate estimate of the role of genetics in intelligence.

Studies have consistently shown that genetics account for approximately half of the variation in test score. However, estimates of the heritability of intelligence vary among ethnic and racial groups, as well as across single groups.

Another issue that has arisen is about the possibility of overall increases in intelligence. New Zealand researcher James Flynn has shown that scores on intelligence tests have been significantly rising throughput the world instead of remaining steady. So far this increase has not been adequately explained, and countless factors

are being investigated as possibly _contributingto this phenomenon.

Whatever the role of genetics in intelligence, some aspects of it are still malleable(可变的)·Heritability itself can be_modified__，through better living conditions and increased stimulation. Intelligence is not fixed like our genetic makeup, but can change during our lifetime.The main trend for psychologists is to try to determine not how to improve our intelligence, but__instead how to optimize it.

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"Globalization is a reality and not a choice.”The steady transitions from the usage of the telephone, radio systems, and the television，to computers, the Internet, cable TV，and cellular phones has drastically changed the ways and lifestyles of many countries all over the world. The more goods that travel to places other than where they weree produced the more ideas travel from place to place. The more people that move from one place to another, the more various cultures will begin to alter

and form new styles of living.

Examples show how some countries are becoming_westernized and how the United States has accommodated some of their American-oriented businesses. over 20% of the world's population speaks English. In India. there are some McDon ald’s restaurants that serve mutton in the place of beef to accommodate the meals of the Hindu. These examples Prove that the more a country becomes involved with other countries. and share their different aspects and way of life, the more both coun- tries will adapt and adhere to each other's ways.

In conclusion, globalization is becoming a way of life. The more knowledge that is passed and exchanged between two better oft loath countries will tie. However, the mare you countries, the share another country's way of living, the greater the Chance for both countries to change their perception and how they live. Sharing and exchanging views on how we live to other countries is what binds . people of the world together. As the philosopher Isaiah Berlin stated, it is not always about agreeing with each other but more importantly, to Understand each other. The more you understand the cultural ways of other countries, the better the bond you have with that country. Globalization is notprimarily intended to change the cultural ways of how a country functions.instead，it shows new ideas that a country might be interested in looking into to make better their own way of life.

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New Depdrimenl or. Rew Cnmpany?

If you're satisfied with your employer but not with your present jab,you can decide whether there are other better opportunities within the company available to you. Ta find out, check with your human resources department，where, in most large companies, job openings will be posted Companies usually will hire and promote_ from within before advertising a position to the public.. If you'd like to make an internal move，make sure you

know your cnmpany's policy for job changes. Far example, find out the amount of time you may be required to work in one area before you can switch to another, ask about any educational or training prerequisites for advancing and deter- mine if you must get approval from your manager

If staying in the same company isn't a(n) option，will you look for a position in the same field or a different one? will you handle your job search on your own or seek professional assistance?

Perhaps you have the experience，want to start your own businsss. If the determination and to start you and run your own Business, ,find and consult qualified professionals--real estate agents, lawyers accountants, public relations experts and consultants--to help you make the lest decisions. Contact your local Chamber of Commerce and 5mail Bcsiness Administration(SBA) for assistance.

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From the beginning, civilization---as well as people's daily lives- has been structured in large part around the concept of work. But now，for the first time in history. human labor is being systematically eliminated from the economic process. In the coming century, employ-meet. as we have come to know it. is likely to be phased out(逐步停止使用)in most of the industrialized nations of the world. A new generation of sophisticated information and communication technologies is being introduced into a wide variety of work situations. These machines. together with new forms of business reorganization and management, are forcing millions of blue- and white-collar workers into temporary jobs and unem- ploynlent lines --or, worse, breadlines(等候领救济食物的人).

Qur corporate leaders, economists, and politicians tell us that the rising unemployment figures represent only short-term"adjustments”that will be taken care of as the global economy advances into the information Age. But millions of working people remain skeptical. In the United States alone, corporations are eliminating mare than 2 million jobs annually .Although some new jobs are being_created_in the economy、they are for the most part in the low-paying_sectors，and many are only temp jabs or part-time positions-

The global ecpnpmy is undergoing a fundamental transformation，n the nature of work brought on by the new technplpgies of the Information Age revolution. These profound technological and economic changes willI force every country to rethink long-held assumptions about the nature of politics and citizenship. 6

What does sustainable development really means? One of the grea-test chanllenges in understanding sustainataility is capturing its richness, and integration. In 1987，the Brundtland Commission breadth, defined it as "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising afJility of future generations to meet their own needs.”Many of the issues are

global一from climate change and biodiversity，to human rights, world peace, and international_security一and no one country can_realize sustainable develppment on its own .Recognizing that sustainability is global，the nations of the world came together in Riode Janeiro in 1992 for the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development(UNCED)一Together, they developed a bold new agenda for the 2lst Century, known as Agenda 21，and agreed to take concrete steps to implement it within their own borders and worldwide.

In the United States, President Clinton responded to Agenda 2I by appointing the President’s Council on Sustainable Development〔PCSD). 0he Council set forth a new vision for the nation:"Qur vision is of a life- sustaining Earth一We are committed_to the achievement of a dignified, peaceful. and equitable(公平合理的)existence. A sustainable United States will have a growing economy that provides equitafole opportunities for satisfying livelihoods and a safe, healthy, high quality of life for current and future generations. Qur nation wiH protect its environment,its natural resource base and the functions and viability (生存〕of natural systems on whrch all life depends.”

This is a vision of economic prosperity，a healthy environment, and a just and equitable society. If we can make sestained progress in all these areas, both at home and abroad，then we will leave the world in at least as good a state as the one we inherited.

大学英语第一册课后习题答案

新视野大学英语（第二版）第一册Unit 1 III. 1. rewarding 2. communicate 3. access 4. embarrassing 5. positive 6. commitment 7.virtual 8. benefits 9. minimum 10. opportunities IV. 1. up 2. into 3. from 4. with 5. to 6. up 7. of 8. in 9. for 10.with V. 1.G 2.B 3.E 4.I 5.H 6.K 7.M 8.O 9.F 10.C Sentence Structure VI. 1. Universities in the east are better equipped, while those in the west are relatively poor. 2. Allan Clark kept talking the price up, while Wilkinson kept knocking it down. 3. The husband spent all his money drinking, while his wife saved all hers for the family. 4. Some guests spoke pleasantly and behaved politely, while others wee insulting and impolite. 5. Outwardly Sara was friendly towards all those concerned, while inwardly she was angry. VII. 1. Not only did Mr. Smith learn the Chinese language, but he also bridged the gap between his culture and ours. 2. Not only did we learn the technology through the online course, but we also learned to communicate with friends in English. 3. Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to losing our lives. 4. Not only do the workers want a pay increase, but they also want reduced working hours. 5. Not only is the house expensive, but it is also too far away from my company. Translation VIII. 1. Not only can students choose when and where to learn for an online course, but they can also take time to think through answers before making a reply. 2. She is excited by the idea of online learning while be considers it meaningless and useless. 3. Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience from which we can learn a lot. 4. Today, more and more people have access to the Internet through which they look for the information they need. 5. He wants her to give up working and stay home to look after the children. She feels, however, that this is too much for her. 6. Now that we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. IX. 1. 我永远都不会忘记那位老师，是他告诉我学外语是有趣的、有价值的。如果没有他，我的英语说得不会像现在这样好。

全新版21世纪大学英语4 unit2课文翻译(A,B)

一位移民的无声挣扎 在老家加纳，我是成功的化身。可是，在美国的生活却一直不容易。 “我想像你那样。你住在城外住宅区，是吗？”年轻人不顾热带阳光的炽烤，面带充满朝气的微笑，用当地俚语问道。他在路边出售着一袋袋的洋葱，身穿超大的T 恤和宽松肥大的牛仔裤——美国流行文化在非洲的广泛影响力的佐证。我受邀在他的洋葱摊位旁坐下小憩片刻，下午将前往阿克拉成交一笔业务。他生意兴隆，在为堵在路上的顾客提供服务的间隙，还不停地问我一些关于美国生活的问题，深信获得一张去美国的签证就像赢得彩票一样幸运。当我为这种令生活在海外的非洲人的虚假形象得以长存的无声文化感到内疚时，我怎么才能告诉他，我羡慕他简朴的生活和无忧无虑的单纯呢？ 从外表上看，我是从美国回来探亲的成功人士的典范。我作为一名工程师在底特律工作，身上穿的白色品牌衬衫及与之相配的裤子是直接从底特律的大型购物商场购买的。而在内心深处，我却陷入一种雄心勃勃和文化幻灭交织的迷惘中。我的衣着使人联想到“富裕”，然而我却不能承担大量支付钱财的要求，或把我的财产当作礼物相赠。10年前曾准备抵押房产资助我去美国留学的叔叔阿姨们，现在指望我为打算步我后尘的堂表兄妹提供资金援助。 回到加纳两周之后，返乡的兴奋已经减退。此时的我已身无分文，渴望着返回美国。不过，这一次却不会再有那种曾激励我雄心勃勃地离开的幼稚想法了。想当年，有朝一日重回加纳定居的信念曾赋予我非凡的忍耐力。而现在，面对美国生活的挑战，我更希望永久定居在那里。 美国满足了我学业深造和职场历练的雄心。我来的时候差不多是高中学历，而10年后，我拥有了研究生学位，也有了比较成功的职业生涯。然而，前进的每一步都是通过令人精疲力竭的奋斗取得的。我的大学学费一部分是通过打多份报酬极低的零工挣来的。毕业以后，我很幸运地找到一份工作。可是，适应企业文化需要付出另一种代价。最初，我需要付出双倍的努力才跟得上。渐渐地，我意识到如果缺乏自信，别人就不把你当回事儿，于是便学着装出一副自信满满的样子。迫于裁员潮的威慑，我利用业余时间读了研究生，因为那是我所知道的能在保障工作方面取得优势的唯一办法。当我有资格申请公民身份时，又花了一大笔律师费，并且忍受了充满压力的数年时光，努力应对种种纷繁复杂的情况以获得在美的永久居住权。 这一切就像我连续跑了10场马拉松，在国外的每一年跑一场，我的身体叫嚷着要休息。返乡原本是期待着稍事休息一下，但结果我却感觉仿佛被淹没于一个文化的大熔炉中。一部分的我想要永久地定居在美国，为生活迈进的方向划上句号。另外一部分的我仍旧渴望着自己曾经在加纳熟悉的简单生活——尽管接受这种生活要付出虚幻的代价。我们大多数人离家远行时从不考虑自己会发生多么大的变化，或是有多少令人伤痕累累的挑战将摆在我们面前。我还记得自己的想法曾经一度跟那个洋葱小贩没什么两样。有人看得比较远，给了我一个来美国的机会，所以我还是感到必须作出回报。 也许我该问问自己，我是否真的愿意跟那个洋葱小贩交换地位。内心深处，我知道我的回答是“不”。知识的教化带来了纯真的丧失和一种无声的挣扎。我所经历的文化冲突与来自其他文化的移民在美国所面临的如出一辙。我可以接纳我的新身份——两个国家进步性的融合者并欣然接受其赋予的新责任，而不再去多想自己在两个国家间饱受折磨之事。 奇怪且具有讽刺意义的是，我可以学习洋葱小贩，以愉悦的心情对待生活，尽管它有着种种磨难。如果我掌握好自己的节奏，继续勤奋地工作，我也许就可以享 受在美国的马拉松式的生活，同时为我在加纳的挚爱亲人提供一些有价值的东西。也许正是这一缺失的成份令一种理想幻灭、沮丧失意的生活与一种富有魅力、令人 满意的生活有了区别。

21世纪大学英语第一册答案

21世纪大学实用英语课文翻译及课后答案 Text A 大学——我一生中的转折点 佚名 作为一名一年级新生初进大学时，我害怕自己在学业上搞不好。我害怕独自一人在外，因为我是第 一次远离家人。这里周围都是我不认识的人，而他们也不认识我。我得和他们交朋友，或许还得在我要学的课程上 跟他们在分数上进行竞争。他们比我更聪明吗？我跟得上他们吗？他们会接受我吗？ 我很快就认识到，我的生活现在就取决于我自己了。如果我要在学业上取得成功，我就必须制定一份学习计划。我 必须调整花在学习上的时间和花在社交上的时间。我必须决定什么时候上床睡觉，什么时候吃什么，什么时候喝什 么，对什么人表示友好。这些问题我都得自己回答。 开始时，生活有点艰难。我在怎样利用时间上犯了错误。我在交朋友上花的时间太多了。我还在怎样选择大学里的 第一批朋友上犯了一些错误。 然而不久，我就控制住了自己的生活。我做到了按时上课，完成并交上了第一批作业，而且以相当好的成绩通过了 前几次考试。此外，我还交了一些朋友，跟他们在一起我感到很自在，我能把我担心的事告诉他们。我建立了一种 真正属于我自己的常规——一种满足了我的需要的常规。 结果，我开始从一个不同的视角看待我自己了。我开始把自己看作是一个对自己负责也对朋友和家人负责的人。凡 事自己做决定并看到这些决定最终证明是明智的决定，这种感觉很好。我猜想这就是人们所说的“成长”的一部分 吧。 我未来的生活将会怎样呢？在人生的这一阶段，我真的不能确定我的人生之路最终将会走向何方，我真的不知道在 以后的几年中我会做什么。但我知道，我能应对未来，因为我已经成功地跃过了我生命中的这一重要障碍：我已经 完成了从一个依赖家人给予感情支持的人向一个对自己负责的人的过渡。 Practice 5 1. smart 2. succeed 3. shortly 4. managed 5. share 6. fear 7. responsible 8. however 9. enter 10. surrounded 11. handle 12. comfortable Practice 6 1. is up to 2. keep up with 3. under control 4. at first 5. grew up 6. make friends with 7. turned out 8. as a result 9. set up 10. in addition Practice 7 1. how to play the game 2. where I wanted to go 3. whether they would accept him or not 4. what to do and how to do it 5. whom to love and whom not to 6. when he made that decision Practice 8 1. I see Li Ming as my best friend. We share the same hobbies and interests. 2. They looked upon their math teacher as their best teacher. 3. We think of this place as our home. 4. They looked on their college life as their happiest years in their life. Practice 9 1. John is both smart and responsible. He likes to make friends with other people. 2. I have made the decision to compete for the new post. You can compete for it, too. 3. Shortly after the doctor came, he managed to have my father’s illness under control. 4. As freshmen, most of us do not know what college life has in store for us, but we all know that we must do well in our studies. 5. To succeed in college, we must keep up with the other students and set up a routine that meets out needs. 6. Though the assignments last week turned out to be more difficult than I thought, I handed them in

翻译大学英语第一册全部内容

第一册Book1Unit1~Unit10 翻译答案 Unit1 翻译 1) 史密斯太太对我抱怨说，她经常发现与自己十六岁的女儿简直无法沟通。 Mrs. Smith complained to me that she often found it simply impossible to communicate with her 16-year-old daughter. 2) 我坚信，阅读简写的(simplified) 英文小说是扩大我们词汇量的一种轻松愉快的方法。 I firmly believe that reading simplified English novels is an easy and enjoyable way of enlarging our vocabulary. 3) 我认为我们在保护环境不受污染(pollution) 方面还做得不够。 I don’t think we’re doing enough to protect our environment from pollution. 4) 除了每周写作文外，我们的英语老师还给我们布置了八本书在暑假里阅读。 In addition to/Apart from writing compositions on a weekly basis, our English teacher assigned us eight books to read during the summer vacation. 5) 我们从可靠的消息来源获悉下学期一位以英语为母语的人将要教我们英语口语。 We’ve learned from reliable sources that a native English speaker is going to te ach us spoken English next term/semester. 6) 经常看英语电影不仅会提高你的听力，而且还会帮助你培养说的技能。 Seeing English movies on a regular basis will not only improve your ear, but will also help you build your speaking skills. 7) 如果你们对这些学习策略有什么问题，请随便问我。我将更详细地进行讲解。 If you have any q uestions about these learning strategies, please feel free to ask me. And I’ll explain them in greater detail. 8) 那个加拿大女孩善于抓住每个机会讲汉语。这就是她为什么三年不到就熟练地掌握了汉语口语的原因。 The Canadian girl is good at seizing every opportunity to speak Chinese. That’s why she has gained a good command of spoken Chinese in less than three years. Unit2 翻译 1) 幸好附近有家医院，我们立刻把他送到了那里。 Fortunately there was a hospital nearby and we took him there at once. 2) 胜利登上乔治岛(George Island) 后，船长向指挥部(the headquarters) 发了一份无线电报。 After succeeding in landing on George Island, the captain sent a radio message to the headquarters. 3) 他决心继续他的实验，不过这一次他将用另一种方法来做。 He is determined to continue his experiment but this time he'll do it another way. 4) 她在读这部小说时，不禁想起了她在农村度过的那五年。 When she read the novel, she couldn't help thinking of the five years she had spent in the countryside. 5) 玛丽觉得单靠自己的力量执行她的计划是困难的。 Mary thought it difficult to carry out her plan all by herself. 6) 我们认为他不能在一刻钟内走完那段距离，但他却成功地做到了这一点。 We didn't think he could cover the distance in a quarter of an hour, but he succeeded in doing it. 7) 甚至在他的医生告诉他患有肺癌之后，奇切斯特仍不肯放弃环球航行的宿愿。

21世纪大学英语第一册课文的翻译

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