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必修四Unit2动词-ing形式作主语和宾语

动名词作主语时，句子有三种形式：

①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。

Playing tricks on others is something we should never do.

②用形式主语it，把真正作主语动的名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如useful, useless, good, fun, no use, worth等。如：It’s worth making the effort. 这事值得去做。

It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。

Is it any good trying to explain? 想再解释一次有好处吗？

It is pleasant working with you. 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。

③在there be结构中作主语，这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do…”如：

There is no hiding of evil but not to do it. 若要人不知，除非己莫为。

Here is no joking about such matter. 这种事开不得玩笑。

There was no knowing when he would leave. 无法知道他什么时候离开。

动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别

动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作，不定式则通常表示具体的动作。如：

As a child, she felt that visiting sick people was a duty and a pleasure.

还是个孩子的时侯，她就觉得探视病人是一种责任，也是一种愉悦。

To be a guest in an American home will be a good experience for me.

到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历。

Doing nothing is doing ill. 一直不做就是作恶。

He said, “To go on like t his is no use.”他说：“继续这样下去是无用的。”

注：在实际运用中，一般两者可以互换，差异不大，但下列情况不能互换。

There is no need to do sth 干……没必要，在此句式中to do不可换为doing，如：

There is no need to tell her. 没有必要告诉她。

而在It’s important … / It’s necessary … / It’s advisable … / It’s essential … / It’s fitting …这类句型中，只能用不定式，如：

It’s important to learn foreign languages.It’s quite necessary to read it many times.

常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：

It +be +a waste of time doing 做……是浪费时间的

It is/was no good/use doing 做……是没用处的

It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做……不值得

It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做……是值得的

There is no doing 无法……，不允许……

There is no sense in doing 做……没有道理

There is/was no use doing 干……无意义

There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比……更糟的

There is/was no point doing 干……无意义

提示：当动名词用作主语时，其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成。

My sister's being ill made we worried.

Y our being right doesn't necessarily mean my being wrong.

作宾语

动名词作宾语有两种情况。一是有些动词只能后接动名词作宾语；二是有些动词既可后接动名词也可后接不定式作宾语。

①只能后接动名词作宾语的动词，常见的有avoid, consider, enjoy, keep, finish, suggest, dislike, delay, escape, cannot help, imagine, mind, miss, practice, cannot stand等。如：

I can’t avoid going. 我不能不去。

Have you considered looking for one special friend? 你是否考虑过找一位挚友？

We must try to avoid repeating the same mistake. 我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。

Do you feel like having a walk with me after supper? 晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗？

People couldn’t help laughing at that foolish man. 人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。

这类动词还有：excuse，fancy，give up，put off，risk等。

②既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词，常见的有：begin, start, continue, like, love, prefer, by, mean, forget, remember, hate等。

●在like, love, hate, prefer等动词之后，用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同，只是侧重点有些不同，动名词表示泛指的动作，不定式表示具体的一次性动作。

●在begin / start, continue之后，用动名词和不定式，意义无甚区别，尤其是当主语是人的时候。

●在动词forget, remember, regret之后，用动名词与不定式意义不同。动名词表示动作先于谓语发生，不定式表示后于谓语动作，如：

I remember posting the letter. 我记得我已把信寄了。

I’ll remember to post the letter. 我会记着去寄信的。

●在try, mean之后，意义各不相同，如try to do（设法），try doing（试试），mean to do （打算，有意要做），mean doing（意思是，意味着）。如：

We must try to get everything done in time. 我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。

Let’s try doing the working in some other way. 我们用别的方法做这工作试试。

●go on doing和go on to do

go on doing继续做一直在做的事；go on to do接着做另一件事。如：

Please go on doing the same exercise. 请接着做这同一个练习。

Please go on to do the other exercise. 请做另外一个练习。

●stop doing和stop to do

Stop doing停止做，stop to do停下正在干的事去干另一件事。如：

We stopped talking. 我们停止了交谈。We stopped to talk. 我们停了下来去谈话。

作介词宾语：动名词可与介词一起构成介词短语。

●介词+动名词，如：

We’ve got to think of ways of changing people’s habits. 我们得想些法子改变人们的习惯。

●动词+介词+动名词，如：

I insist on taking proper food fort his expedition. 我坚持为这次出行带足需要的食物。

注：下列短语中的to都是介词，所以后面跟名词或-ing形式：devote to, object to, pay attention to, get down to, lead to, look forward to, stick to, be used to等

必修4动词-ing形式作表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语

年级高一学科英语版本人教实验版内容标题必修4 Unit 3 A taste of English humor动词-ing形式作表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语编稿老师林静【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：动词-ing形式作表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语二. 知识精讲（一）动词的ing形式作表语 1. 动名词作表语一般表示抽象的、习惯性的行为，这时主语与表语的位置可以互换。 Her duty is taking care of the babies. 照看婴儿是她的职责。 Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐 2. 现在分词作表语，表明的是主语的性质与特征，相当于形容词，可有比较级形式，亦可被very, quite，so等副词修饰，这时主语与表语的位置不可互换 The music they are playing sounds exciting. 他们演奏的音乐是如此令人兴奋 The film we saw last night is quite moving. 我们昨晚看的电影十分感人。（二）动词的ing形式作定语 1. 动名词作定语，表示该名词的用途或与其有关的动作，通常只能放在所修饰的名词前。 a walking stick手杖 reading room 阅览室 washing machine洗衣机 2.现在分词作定语，说明所修饰的名词正在进行的动作或存在的状态，现在分词与所修饰的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系，可换成定语从句来表达，单个的现在分词作定语常置于被修饰的名词前，现在分词短语作定语须置于被修饰的名词后。 Nobody can stop the running horse(=the horse that is running). 没人能阻止那匹奔跑的马。 The student making the experiment(=who is making the experiment) is our monitor. 正在做实验的那个学生是我们的班长。（三）动词-ing形式作宾语补足语动词-ing形式作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行，这时宾语与宾补之间构成主谓关系，主要用于以下两类动词之后： 1. 表示感觉和状态的动词，如see, hear, feel, smell, watch, find, notice，catch，observe等。 I felt someone patting on the shoulder. 我感到有人拍了拍我的肩膀 I caught a stranger sliding into the manager’s office.

高中英语语法(6)-动词的ing形式

第6章动词的-ing形式动词的-ing形式包括传统语法的“动名词”（gerund）和“现在分词”（present participle）两个部分。动词的-ing形式具有动词的特征，同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此它可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语和状语。一、动词-ing形式的特征和种类与动词不定式一样，动词的-ing形式也具有动词的特征，有时态和语态的变化，并可带状语、宾语等。 A.动词-ing形式的一般式 1. 动词-ing形式的一般式可用来泛指一个动作，没有特别的时间意义。Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。 Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。 2. 动词-ing形式的一般式可用来表示和谓语动词同时发生的动作。 They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 他们有说有笑地走出教室。 She listened carefully to her neighbours speaking. 她倾听她邻居的讲话。 3. 动词-ing形式的一般式有时也可表示在谓语动词的动作之前或之后发生的动作。 I remembered sending him an e-mail last week. 我记得上星期给他发过一份电

子邮件。 He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday. 他建议下个星期天带我女儿去动物园。 B. 动词-ing形式的完成式动词的-ing形式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作，这个动作发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well. 在这个城市生活了3年，她对这里已很熟悉。 I really regretted having missed such an exciting lecture. 错过了这么振奋人心的演讲，我真的很遗憾。注意：在现代英语中，作宾语的-ing形式的完成式可用一般式来代替。 I really regretted missing such an exciting lecture. 错过了这么振奋人心的演讲，我真的很遗憾。(=I really regretted having missed such an exciting lecture.) We remembered seeing the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。(=We remembered having seen the film. ) C. 动词-ing形式的被动形式动词的-ing形式的被动形式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing形式表示的动作的承受者。 1．一般式的被动形式 The question being discussed is very important. 正在讨论的问题很重要。

人教版英语必修四第二单元动词-ing形式作主语和宾语

一、动词-ing形式作主语 ●动词-ing形式作主语常用来表示经常性和习惯性的动作。动词-ing形式作主语通常放在句首。例如： Listening to music is my sister’s hobby. ●动词-ing形式作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，可以用it作形式主语。常用的结构： 1. It is + no use / no good / useless etc.+ v-ing 2. It is + nice / good / interesting / a waste of …etc. + v-ing 例如： It is no use crying over spilt milk. 二、动词-ing形式作宾语 ●动词-ing形式既可作动词的宾语，又可作介词的宾语。 1. 以下动词或短语只接动词-ing形式作宾语： admit, avoid, appreciate, consider, enjoy, escape, finish, keep, mind, miss, suggest等动词; can’t stand, give up, feel like, keep on, think of, set about, dream of 等短语。 2. 在下列短语中，to是介词，后面应用动词-ing形式作宾语： be / get used to, look forward to, devote…to, pay attention to, object to等。 3. 下列动词或短语既可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别： ●like, love, prefer如表示经常性的行为后接动词-ing形式；如表示具体的行为常用动词不定式，但要注意：如果like, love, prefer前有would，后面则接动词不定式。如：Would you like to go shopping with me? ●下列几组词接动词-ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义不同： forget doing 忘记已做过某事；forget to do 忘记要做某事 remember doing 记得做过某事；remember to do 记住要做某事 mean doing 意思是，意味着；mean to do 打算做 regret doing 后悔做过某事; regret to do 遗憾要做某事 can’t help doing 禁不住做；can’t help (to) do 不能帮忙做。 ●在allow, permit, advise等动词后直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语，如果这些词后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后要用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如： We don’t allow smoking in the classroom. We don’t allow students to smoke. ●动词need, require, want作“需要”解时，其后用动词-ing的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，这时动词-ing的主动形式表被动意义。如： Your coat wants washing. = Your coat wants to be washed. 三、动词-ing的复合结构动词-ing的复合结构即：物主代词或名词所有格(作宾语时也可以用代词宾格或名词普通格) + 动词-ing。如： Lucy’s turning up surprised everyone present. Would you mind my / me using your mobile phone? 四、动词-ing的时态、语态以及否定形式动词-ing有一般式(doing) 和完成式(having done) 两种时态，一般式的被动语态是being done，完成式的被动语态是having been done。动词-ing 的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。

动名词作主语和宾语

动名词做主语和宾语的用法及练习 1.谓语用单数。 Climbing mountains is really fun. Swimming is my favorite sport. Reading is an art. Getting up early is a good habit. 例：1.-What do you think made Mary so upset？ -___ her new bicycle. A. As she lost B．Lost C．Losing D．Because of losing 2. 使用形式主语it，而将动名词放在句尾。 It’s no use doing … It’s no good doing… It’s a waste of time doing … 例：It’s no good______ (wait) here. It’s no use ______(argue) with her. It’s no good _______(smoke), you’d better give it up. It’s a waste of time _______(wait) here. No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ). 作宾语习惯上接动名词作宾语的动词【附记忆口诀】其后习惯上要跟动名词作宾语的常见动词有以下词汇：, admit, appreciate, avoid, burst out, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, feel like, finish, forgive, give up, (can’t) help, imagine, keep (on), mind, miss, practise, prevent, put off, resist, risk, (can’t) stand, stop, suggest, unde rstand 等。如：用法举例： He admitted having taken the money. 他承认拿了那笔钱。 It was impossible to avoid being affected. 要想不受影响是不可能的。 She burst out crying (laughing, singing). 她突然哭(笑，唱)起来。

动词-ing形式作主语和宾语

一、动词-ing形式作主语和宾语考点一：动词-ing形式的基本用法动词-ing具有名词的性质，可在句中担当主语、宾语、标语、定语、宾语补足语和状语，动词-ing形式作主语常用来表示经常性和习惯性的动作。动词-ing形式作主语通常放在句首。但不能单独做谓语。考点二：动词-ing做主语的用法： 1）动词-ing作主语时，往往表示习惯性、经常性的动作，在口语中也表示具体的动作。如： Paiting is his hobby. 2)动词-ing形式作主语和不定式作主语一样，也可以用it做形式主语，但不定式作主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。如： It is no use talking without doing. 光说不做是没用的 It is so hot. what I want to do now is to have a swim in a river.天这么热，现在我想做的事情就是在河里游泳。动词-ing形式作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，可以用it作形式主语。常用的结构： 1. It is + no use / no good / useless etc.+ v-ing 2. It is + nice / good / interesting / a waste of…etc. + v-ing例如：

It is no use crying over spilt milk.事考点三：动词-ing形式作宾语的用法 1.有些动词或动词短语常用动词-ing形式作宾语： admit,avoid,appreciate,consider,enjoy,escape,finish,keep,mind, miss, suggest等动词; can’t stand, give up, feel like, keepon, think of, set about, dream of等短语。避免错过少延期建议完成多练习喜欢想象禁不住承认否定与嫉妒逃避冒险xxxx 忍受保持不介意考虑欣赏还愿意 2.在下列短语中，to是介词，后面应用动词-ing形式作宾语： be / get us ed to, look forward to, devote…to, pay attention to,object to等。 3。有些句子结构省略介词in，由doing做宾语 3.下列动词或短语既可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别： ●like, love, prefer如表示经常性的行为后接动词-ing形式；如表示具体的行为常用动词不定式，但要注意：如果like, love,prefer前有would，后面则接动词不定式。如： Would you liketo go shopping with me ●下列几组词接动词-ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义不同：

动名词做主语和宾语的用法及练习20140523162450

动名词做主语和宾语的用法及练习(2014-05-23 16:24:50) 1．动名词（动名词具有动词和名词的特征，在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语）动名词主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式 Doing Being done 与谓语动作同时发生完成式 Having doing Having been done 动作发生在谓语动作之前作主语 1. 谓语用单数。 Climbing mountains is really fun. Swimming is my favorite sport. Reading is an art. Getting up early is a good habit. 例：1.-What do you think made Mary so upset？ -___ her new bicycle. A. As she lost B．Lost C．Losing D．Because of losing 2. 使用形式主语it，而将动名词放在句尾。 It’s no use doing …

It’s no good doing… It’s a waste of time doing … 例：It’s no good______ (wait) here. It’s no use ______(argue) with her. It’s no good _______(smoke), you’d better give it up. It’s a waste of time _______(wait) here. No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ). 作宾语 I enjoy listening to music. He often practices playing the piano in the evening. He has given up smoking. Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 他不喜欢喝酒。他充分利用时间练习唱歌。我提议坐我的车去。你介意我开窗吗？ (1) 只能接动名词作宾语的动词： admit，

(完整版)动词ing做主语和宾语精解及练习

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高中动词-ing形式练习

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