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英语六级考试历年阅读试题译文(2003年6月)

洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌

2003年6月六级试题译文

Passage One

译文

在英国乡间的小村子里还有人记得那些不用想着锁门的美好的老日子。那时根本不用担心犯罪。

令人惊奇的是，这些幸福的时光似乎还在世界最大的社团里与我们同在。一个天才的程序员，丹·法穆用他自称为“撒旦”的自动调查程序所做的一项最新研究表明，万维网一半多的主人建立了不上锁的家。

“撒旦”不用真正闯入就可以试验因特网上黑客的许多臭名昭著的伎俩。法穆把他的程序公开化，使每个人都能得到，这种做法招致了许多批评。居心不良的人可以用它猎取容易闯入行窃的网站。

但是，法穆关心的是，有必要提醒公众注意网络并非安全，到目前为止，事实证明他是对的。与其说“撒旦”制造了新的混乱，倒不如说它警告人们要注意安全。

所以，网络是否越来越安全?远非如此。在早期，当你浏览网站的时候，你的浏览器只注意内容。现在，网络充斥着一些小的程序，当你浏览网页的时候，这些程序会自动下载，然后在你个人的电脑上运行。如果编程者有意，这些程序就会对你的电脑进行各种各样的破坏。

同时，网络中出现了越来越多的蜘蛛、虫子、间谍和其他的一些自动化的动物，它们被预先指定闯入网站，对信息进行查找和分类。所有这些都为那些想进攻弱小的网站并对其造成伤害的反社会的人提供了绝妙的工具。

但是，让我们来看一看光明的一面。如果没有锁，因特网当然是世界上最大的(极端的)没有犯罪的社会。也许，那是因为黑客们从根本上是诚实的。或者，当今没有什么东西好偷。或者，除非你对某一个人有特殊的仇恨，恶意破坏并不是什么好玩的事。

不管是什么原因，让我们在还能享受的时候尽情享受吧。然而，当网络上最有影响力的居民们想出售他们的服务并想要收费时，希望一切会有所改变，那时安全将变成头等重要的事情。

Passage Two

译文

当我离开多年教学的学院和大学时，我坚信扮演角色、表演、改编剧本等都是最成功的教学方式。学生们必须尽可能地被编入或组织到整个教学过程中，成为其中有机的一部分。在大多数的学者看来，认为学习必须包括玩耍并对其进行鼓励的理念近乎愚蠢，但这是事实。曾经是Ezekiel Cheever, 这个马塞诸州海湾殖民地最著名的校长的学生，Cotton Mather 写到，他备的课程能让学生们感觉“上学就像玩一样”，过了大约三百年，Alfred North Whitehead 注意到一个教师必须使他/她的学生“高兴上学”。

由于我们知道在典型的大学里有百分之八十至九十的教学是通过讲座的方式进行的，因此，我们必须给予这样的教育形式以足够的重视。我认为Patricia

Nelson Limerick 的观察是很有道理的，即“讲演是一种不合情理的行为，上帝并没有要人去做这一种活动。一个人时不时地有一种想说话的冲动，并且在他说的时候，别的人保持沉默，这是很正常的。但是，经常这样，每次75分钟……一个人讲，而别的人都沉默地坐在那里?……我不相信这就是造物主……要我们人类所做的。”

一个很奇怪、几乎让人不能理解的事实是：大多数教授，正如他们认为必须枯燥地写作一样，他们认为必须枯燥地讲课。如果表现过于热情，将会有不科学、欠客观之嫌;热情只是吸引学生的情感，而不是他们智力。所以，理想的讲课应充满事实，并且用不变的语调念出来。

当然，对枯燥讲课的崇拜，像崇拜枯燥写作一样，可以追溯到社会教授Edward Shils 年轻时在宾西法尼亚大学读书的时候，当时的教授就是这样上课的。他看起来像“一个牧师，尽管才能各有千秋，但穿着非常统一;他从来不谈私事。有些教授照本宣科，然后结结巴巴地讲解被翻烂了的最后的几行。另一些则用卡片上课，从磨损的边角就可以判断这些卡片已经用了多年……老师们按时上课，准时下课，离开教室时不会对学生多说一个字，也很少被学生的问题留住。班级通常不大，然而，没有课堂讨论。上课时从来不提问，课后也没有答疑的时间。”

Passage Three

译文

就拿公立教育来说。学校面对的主要困难是学生人数的急剧增长。这种状况的形成主要是由于就业的法定年龄提高了，并且即使到了法定年龄也很难找到工作。由于这些技术的进步，企业在未来的将比以前需要更少的工人。结果必须是进一步提高就业的法定年龄，以及达到法定工作年龄后就业更加困难。如果我们不能让孩子们工作，那么，我们必须让他们上学。

我们同样相信目前缩短日工作时数和周工作时数的趋势将持续下去。我们已经有了，并且将继续保有一个新的休闲阶层。自从经济萧条开始以来，成人公立教育机构就被迅速蔓延的萧条浪潮所淹没。萧条过后，他们的状况可能会好一点。他们的支持必须来自纳税人。

当然，我们不能过多地期望公立教育经费的提高都由地方各界来负担。他们对当前限制的、不完善的制度无能为力。地方各界解决不了失业的问题。他们不可能如我们所期望的那样来解决公立教育问题。解决失业的办法是联邦救济金。解决公立教育问题的办法也只能靠联邦拨款，并且，应该是这样。如果说有这么一件事情全国各地的居民都感兴趣的话，那么，这件事情就是全国各地居民都能接受良好的教育。现在，我们所得税的一部分被用来维持我们邻居(失业者)的生活。有一部分也可能会被用来使我们的邻居(失业者)变得更聪明。我们现在想通过联邦贫民救济金来保存我们这一代人。只有当一个民族决心毁掉下一代的时候，他才会拒绝拨给公立教育所需要的联邦经费。

Passage Four

译文

正在海德堡大学应用物理系研制中的一种新型的高性能隐形眼镜片将不仅矫正普通的视力，而且可以把正常的夜视能力提高五倍。使人的视力比猫的视力还好。

比尔和他的科研小组使用一种被称之为灵敏的光学仪器——一种用于观测新发现的星体以及很远的银河系的天文望远镜的装置。铝镜连接着一个波前传感

器，他可跟踪和测量进出眼睛的激光束的光程。这个铝镜可以发现角膜的缺陷以及覆盖在眼睛晶状体上透明保护层的病变。比尔希望，从这两种仪器上得到的高精确的数据有一天将出现在全世界的眼睛商那里——被用来制造复杂的、个性化的眼镜片，以矫正和提高佩戴者的视力。

到那一天，比尔的隐形眼镜片将把光线精确地聚焦在视网膜上，从而使一片小树叶的图像或远处一棵大树的轮廓的清晰度都能超出传统眼镜的近半个屈光度。在夜晚，这样的镜片还有更大的作用。“因为新的镜片——与传统的镜片不同的是——在黑暗处它仍能工作，并且，眼睛瞳孔是放大的，”比尔说，“戴镜者能看清100米外的脸部”——比原先远了80米。在他的实验中，夜视能力甚至有了更大的提高：在半黑暗的状态下，受试者的视力比没戴眼镜时提高了15倍。

比尔的眼睛希望在2000年上市，初步计划是利用因特网把患者的视力缺陷信息从眼镜商传到制造商，然后，制造商在两三天内制作好并将其寄出。物理学家希望这样的镜片的价格大约在一副一美元左右，相当于传统的一次性镜片的价格。

Part IV Error Correction

译文

西雅图时报公司是一家认识到需要改革并已着手进行改革的报业公司。在报业界，报纸必须反映接受他们信息的公众的多样性。他们必须通过他们新闻的覆盖面来反映这种多样性，否则他们就要冒失去读者兴趣并失去广告商赞助的风险。西雅图有的少数民族占百分之二十。在这里办报，报纸必须制定政策和程序来雇用并保持多样化雇员的多样性。这种变化的深层根据是：要使信息公正、适当、客观、就必须由读这些信息的人们来进行报道。

由记者、编辑和摄影记者组成的多样化委员会定期开会对《西雅图时报》的内容进行评估，并对新闻编辑室的其他人员进行关于多样化问题的教育。此外，报纸还开始了内容审查、对妇女和有色人群在图片中的出现频率和反映的方式进行评估。早些时候进行的审查表明少数民族的图片刊登太少而且负面报道太多。通过审查，对少数民族报道的频率和对他们的中性或正面的反映都有了改进。结果《西雅图时报》作为报纸得到了改进。多样性的培训和内容审查帮助西雅图时报公司获得了《人事杂志》的杰出管理改革OPTIMAS奖。

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